Python【02】【基础部分】- B
1、作用域
变量只要在内存存在，就可以被使用 。（栈）
1 if 1 == 1: 2 name = 'kim' 3 print name
个例：item的值为字典循环后最后一个key的值
1 name = {'xiaoming':12,'xiaohua':15,'xiaoli':11} 2 for item in name: 3 print item 4 xiaoli
2、三元运算
name ＝ 值
name ＝ 值1 if 条件 else 值2
1 user_input = raw_input(':') 2 name = 'badman' if user_input == 'alex' else 'goodman' 3 print name
3、类与对象
对于python，一切事物皆是对象，对象是基于类创建的。
类里面保存了对象所需要的功能
查看类功能：
1 >>> name = 'hope' 2 >>> type(name) # 查看数据类型 3 <type 'str'> 4 >>> dir(name) # 查看name的可用功能 5 ['__add__', '__class__', '__contains__', '__delattr__', '__doc__', '__eq__', '__format__', '__ge__', '__getattribute__', '__getitem__', '__getnewargs__', '__getslice__', '__gt__', '__hash__', '__init__', '__le__', '__len__', '__lt__', '__mod__', '__mul__', '__ne__', '__new__', '__reduce__', '__reduce_ex__', '__repr__', '__rmod__', '__rmul__', '__setattr__', '__sizeof__', '__str__', '__subclasshook__', '_formatter_field_name_split', '_formatter_parser', 'capitalize', 'center', 'count', 'decode', 'encode', 'endswith', 'expandtabs', 'find', 'format', 'index', 'isalnum', 'isalpha', 'isdigit', 'islower', 'isspace', 'istitle', 'isupper', 'join', 'ljust', 'lower', 'lstrip', 'partition', 'replace', 'rfind', 'rindex', 'rjust', 'rpartition', 'rsplit', 'rstrip', 'split', 'splitlines', 'startswith', 'strip', 'swapcase', 'title', 'translate', 'upper', 'zfill'] 6 >>> help(name.join) # 查看具体功能的使用帮助
类中的方法：
私有方法，可以有多种执行方法，至少一种。'__class__'
非私有方法，只有一种执行方法，对象.方法 'count'
4、整形
1 class int(object): 2 """ 3 int(x=0) -> int or long 4 int(x, base=10) -> int or long # base=要转换的进制数 5 6 Convert a number or string to an integer, or return 0 if no arguments 7 are given. If x is floating point, the conversion truncates towards zero. 8 If x is outside the integer range, the function returns a long instead. 9 10 If x is not a number or if base is given, then x must be a string or 11 Unicode object representing an integer literal in the given base. The 12 literal can be preceded by '+' or '-' and be surrounded by whitespace. 13 The base defaults to 10. Valid bases are 0 and 2-36. Base 0 means to 14 interpret the base from the string as an integer literal. 15 >>> int('0b100', base=0) 16 4 17 """ 18 def bit_length(self): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__ 19 """ 20 int.bit_length() -> int 21 22 """ 23 >>> int.bit_length(12) 24 4 25 # 表示当前数值在二进制位中所占的位 26 """ 27 28 Number of bits necessary to represent self in binary. 29 >>> bin(37) 30 '0b100101' 31 >>> (37).bit_length() 32 6 33 """ 34 return 0 35 def conjugate(self, *args, **kwargs): # real signature unknown 36 """ Returns self, the complex conjugate of any int. """ 37 """返回该复数的共轭复数""" 38 pass 39 def __abs__(self): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__ 40 """ x.__abs__() <==> abs(x) """ 41 """ 42 # 返回绝对值 43 >>> abs(-12) 44 12 45 """ 46 pass 47 def __add__(self, y): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__ 48 """ x.__add__(y) <==> x+y """ # 加运算 49 pass 50 def __and__(self, y): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__ 51 """ x.__and__(y) <==> x&y """ # 与运算 52 pass 53 def __cmp__(self, y): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__ 54 """ x.__cmp__(y) <==> cmp(x,y) """ # 比较大小 55 pass 56 def __coerce__(self, y): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__ 57 """ x.__coerce__(y) <==> coerce(x, y) """ # 强制生成一个元组 58 pass 59 def __divmod__(self, y): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__ 60 """ x.__divmod__(y) <==> divmod(x, y) """ # 两数相除，商与余数组成一个元组 61 pass 62 def __div__(self, y): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__ 63 """ x.__div__(y) <==> x/y """ # 两数相除 64 pass 65 def __float__(self): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__ 66 """ x.__float__() <==> float(x) """ # 符点数转转换 67 pass 68 def __floordiv__(self, y): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__ 69 """ x.__floordiv__(y) <==> x//y """ # 取整除，返回商的整数部分 70 pass 71 def __format__(self, *args, **kwargs): # real signature unknown 72 pass 73 def __getattribute__(self, name): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__ 74 """ x.__getattribute__('name') <==> x.name """ # 75 pass 76 def __getnewargs__(self, *args, **kwargs): # real signature unknown 77 pass 78 """ 内部调用 __new__方法或创建对象时传入参数使用 """ 79 def __hash__(self): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__ 80 """ x.__hash__() <==> hash(x) """ 81 """如果对象object为哈希表类型，返回对象object的哈希值。哈希值为整数。在字典查找中，哈希值用于快速比较字典的键。两个数值如果相等，则哈希值也相等。""" 82 pass 83 def __hex__(self): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__ 84 """ 返回当前值的 十六进制 表示 """ 85 """ x.__hex__() <==> hex(x) """ 86 pass 87 def __index__(self): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__ 88 """ 用于切片，数字无意义 """ 89 """ x[y:z] <==> x[y.__index__():z.__index__()] """ 90 pass 91 def __init__(self, x, base=10): # known special case of int.__init__ 92 """ 93 int(x=0) -> int or long 94 int(x, base=10) -> int or long 95 96 Convert a number or string to an integer, or return 0 if no arguments 97 are given. If x is floating point, the conversion truncates towards zero. 98 If x is outside the integer range, the function returns a long instead. 99 100 If x is not a number or if base is given, then x must be a string or 101 Unicode object representing an integer literal in the given base. The 102 literal can be preceded by '+' or '-' and be surrounded by whitespace. 103 The base defaults to 10. Valid bases are 0 and 2-36. Base 0 means to 104 interpret the base from the string as an integer literal. 105 >>> int('0b100', base=0) 106 4 107 # (copied from class doc) 108 """ 109 pass 110 def __int__(self): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__ 111 """ x.__int__() <==> int(x) """ # 转换为整型 112 pass 113 def __invert__(self): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__ 114 """ x.__invert__() <==> ~x """ # 倒置值 115 pass 116 def __long__(self): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__ 117 """ x.__long__() <==> long(x) """ # 长整型 118 pass 119 def __lshift__(self, y): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__ 120 """ x.__lshift__(y) <==> x<<y """ # 向左位移 121 pass 122 def __mod__(self, y): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__ 123 """ x.__mod__(y) <==> x%y """ # 取模，取除法的余数 124 pass 125 def __mul__(self, y): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__ 126 """ x.__mul__(y) <==> x*y """ # 取幂 127 pass 128 def __neg__(self): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__ 129 """ x.__neg__() <==> -x """ #取负数 130 pass 131 @staticmethod # known case of __new__ 132 def __new__(S, *more): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__ 133 """ T.__new__(S, ...) -> a new object with type S, a subtype of T """ 134 pass 135 def __nonzero__(self): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__ 136 """ x.__nonzero__() <==> x != 0 """ # 非 0 137 pass 138 def __oct__(self): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__ 139 """ x.__oct__() <==> oct(x) """ # 返回当前值的 二六进制 表 140 pass 141 def __or__(self, y): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__ 142 """ x.__or__(y) <==> x|y """ # 或运算 143 pass 144 def __pos__(self): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__ 145 """ x.__pos__() <==> +x """ # 加运算 146 pass 147 def __pow__(self, y, z=None): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__ 148 """ x.__pow__(y[, z]) <==> pow(x, y[, z]) """ # 取次幂 149 pass 150 def __radd__(self, y): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__ 151 """ x.__radd__(y) <==> y+x """ 152 pass 153 def __rand__(self, y): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__ 154 """ x.__rand__(y) <==> y&x """ 155 pass 156 def __rdivmod__(self, y): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__ 157 """ x.__rdivmod__(y) <==> divmod(y, x) """ 158 pass 159 def __rdiv__(self, y): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__ 160 """ x.__rdiv__(y) <==> y/x """ 161 pass 162 def __repr__(self): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__ 163 """ x.__repr__() <==> repr(x) """ 164 """转化为解释器可读取的形式 """ 165 pass 166 def __rfloordiv__(self, y): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__ 167 """ x.__rfloordiv__(y) <==> y//x """ 168 pass 169 def __rlshift__(self, y): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__ 170 """ x.__rlshift__(y) <==> y<<x """ 171 pass 172 def __rmod__(self, y): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__ 173 """ x.__rmod__(y) <==> y%x """ 174 pass 175 def __rmul__(self, y): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__ 176 """ x.__rmul__(y) <==> y*x """ 177 pass 178 def __ror__(self, y): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__ 179 """ x.__ror__(y) <==> y|x """ 180 pass 181 def __rpow__(self, x, z=None): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__ 182 """ y.__rpow__(x[, z]) <==> pow(x, y[, z]) """ 183 pass 184 def __rrshift__(self, y): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__ 185 """ x.__rrshift__(y) <==> y>>x """ 186 pass 187 def __rshift__(self, y): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__ 188 """ x.__rshift__(y) <==> x>>y """ 189 pass 190 def __rsub__(self, y): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__ 191 """ x.__rsub__(y) <==> y-x """ 192 pass 193 def __rtruediv__(self, y): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__ 194 """ x.__rtruediv__(y) <==> y/x """ 195 pass 196 def __rxor__(self, y): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__ 197 """ x.__rxor__(y) <==> y^x """ 198 pass 199 def __str__(self): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__ 200 """转换为人阅读的形式，如果没有适于人阅读的解释形式的话，则返回解释器课阅读的形式""" 201 """ x.__str__() <==> str(x) """ 202 pass 203 def __sub__(self, y): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__ 204 """ x.__sub__(y) <==> x-y """ 205 pass 206 def __truediv__(self, y): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__ 207 """ x.__truediv__(y) <==> x/y """ 208 pass 209 def __trunc__(self, *args, **kwargs): # real signature unknown 210 """ Truncating an Integral returns itself. """ 211 pass 212 def __xor__(self, y): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__ 213 """ x.__xor__(y) <==> x^y """ 214 pass 215 denominator = property(lambda self: object(), lambda self, v: None, lambda self: None) # default 216 """the denominator of a rational number in lowest terms""" 217 """ 分母 = 1 """ 218 imag = property(lambda self: object(), lambda self, v: None, lambda self: None) # default 219 """the imaginary part of a complex number""" 220 """ 虚数，无意义 """ 221 numerator = property(lambda self: object(), lambda self, v: None, lambda self: None) # default 222 """the numerator of a rational number in lowest terms""" 223 """ 分子 = 数字大小 """ 224 225 real = property(lambda self: object(), lambda self, v: None, lambda self: None) # default 226 """the real part of a complex number""" 227 """ 实属，无意义 """
5、长整形
1 class long(object): 2 """ 3 long(x=0) -> long 4 long(x, base=10) -> long 5 6 Convert a number or string to a long integer, or return 0L if no arguments 7 are given. If x is floating point, the conversion truncates towards zero. 8 9 If x is not a number or if base is given, then x must be a string or 10 Unicode object representing an integer literal in the given base. The 11 literal can be preceded by '+' or '-' and be surrounded by whitespace. 12 The base defaults to 10. Valid bases are 0 and 2-36. Base 0 means to 13 interpret the base from the string as an integer literal. 14 >>> int('0b100', base=0) 15 4L 16 """ 17 def bit_length(self): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__ 18 """ 19 long.bit_length() -> int or long 20 21 Number of bits necessary to represent self in binary. 22 >>> bin(37L) 23 '0b100101' 24 >>> (37L).bit_length() 25 6 26 """ 27 return 0 28 29 def conjugate(self, *args, **kwargs): # real signature unknown 30 """ Returns self, the complex conjugate of any long. """ 31 pass 32 33 def __abs__(self): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__ 34 """ x.__abs__() <==> abs(x) """ 35 pass 36 37 def __add__(self, y): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__ 38 """ x.__add__(y) <==> x+y """ 39 pass 40 41 def __and__(self, y): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__ 42 """ x.__and__(y) <==> x&y """ 43 pass 44 45 def __cmp__(self, y): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__ 46 """ x.__cmp__(y) <==> cmp(x,y) """ 47 pass 48 49 def __coerce__(self, y): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__ 50 """ x.__coerce__(y) <==> coerce(x, y) """ 51 pass 52 53 def __divmod__(self, y): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__ 54 """ x.__divmod__(y) <==> divmod(x, y) """ 55 pass 56 57 def __div__(self, y): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__ 58 """ x.__div__(y) <==> x/y """ 59 pass 60 61 def __float__(self): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__ 62 """ x.__float__() <==> float(x) """ 63 pass 64 65 def __floordiv__(self, y): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__ 66 """ x.__floordiv__(y) <==> x//y """ 67 pass 68 69 def __format__(self, *args, **kwargs): # real signature unknown 70 pass 71 72 def __getattribute__(self, name): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__ 73 """ x.__getattribute__('name') <==> x.name """ 74 pass 75 76 def __getnewargs__(self, *args, **kwargs): # real signature unknown 77 pass 78 79 def __hash__(self): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__ 80 """ x.__hash__() <==> hash(x) """ 81 pass 82 83 def __hex__(self): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__ 84 """ x.__hex__() <==> hex(x) """ 85 pass 86 87 def __index__(self): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__ 88 """ x[y:z] <==> x[y.__index__():z.__index__()] """ 89 pass 90 91 def __init__(self, x=0): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__ 92 pass 93 94 def __int__(self): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__ 95 """ x.__int__() <==> int(x) """ 96 pass 97 98 def __invert__(self): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__ 99 """ x.__invert__() <==> ~x """ 100 pass 101 102 def __long__(self): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__ 103 """ x.__long__() <==> long(x) """ 104 pass 105 106 def __lshift__(self, y): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__ 107 """ x.__lshift__(y) <==> x<<y """ 108 pass 109 110 def __mod__(self, y): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__ 111 """ x.__mod__(y) <==> x%y """ 112 pass 113 114 def __mul__(self, y): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__ 115 """ x.__mul__(y) <==> x*y """ 116 pass 117 118 def __neg__(self): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__ 119 """ x.__neg__() <==> -x """ 120 pass 121 122 @staticmethod # known case of __new__ 123 def __new__(S, *more): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__ 124 """ T.__new__(S, ...) -> a new object with type S, a subtype of T """ 125 pass 126 127 def __nonzero__(self): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__ 128 """ x.__nonzero__() <==> x != 0 """ 129 pass 130 131 def __oct__(self): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__ 132 """ x.__oct__() <==> oct(x) """ 133 pass 134 135 def __or__(self, y): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__ 136 """ x.__or__(y) <==> x|y """ 137 pass 138 139 def __pos__(self): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__ 140 """ x.__pos__() <==> +x """ 141 pass 142 143 def __pow__(self, y, z=None): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__ 144 """ x.__pow__(y[, z]) <==> pow(x, y[, z]) """ 145 pass 146 147 def __radd__(self, y): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__ 148 """ x.__radd__(y) <==> y+x """ 149 pass 150 151 def __rand__(self, y): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__ 152 """ x.__rand__(y) <==> y&x """ 153 pass 154 155 def __rdivmod__(self, y): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__ 156 """ x.__rdivmod__(y) <==> divmod(y, x) """ 157 pass 158 159 def __rdiv__(self, y): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__ 160 """ x.__rdiv__(y) <==> y/x """ 161 pass 162 163 def __repr__(self): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__ 164 """ x.__repr__() <==> repr(x) """ 165 pass 166 167 def __rfloordiv__(self, y): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__ 168 """ x.__rfloordiv__(y) <==> y//x """ 169 pass 170 171 def __rlshift__(self, y): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__ 172 """ x.__rlshift__(y) <==> y<<x """ 173 pass 174 175 def __rmod__(self, y): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__ 176 """ x.__rmod__(y) <==> y%x """ 177 pass 178 179 def __rmul__(self, y): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__ 180 """ x.__rmul__(y) <==> y*x """ 181 pass 182 183 def __ror__(self, y): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__ 184 """ x.__ror__(y) <==> y|x """ 185 pass 186 187 def __rpow__(self, x, z=None): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__ 188 """ y.__rpow__(x[, z]) <==> pow(x, y[, z]) """ 189 pass 190 191 def __rrshift__(self, y): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__ 192 """ x.__rrshift__(y) <==> y>>x """ 193 pass 194 195 def __rshift__(self, y): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__ 196 """ x.__rshift__(y) <==> x>>y """ 197 pass 198 199 def __rsub__(self, y): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__ 200 """ x.__rsub__(y) <==> y-x """ 201 pass 202 203 def __rtruediv__(self, y): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__ 204 """ x.__rtruediv__(y) <==> y/x """ 205 pass 206 207 def __rxor__(self, y): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__ 208 """ x.__rxor__(y) <==> y^x """ 209 pass 210 211 def __sizeof__(self, *args, **kwargs): # real signature unknown 212 """ Returns size in memory, in bytes """ 213 pass 214 215 def __str__(self): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__ 216 """ x.__str__() <==> str(x) """ 217 pass 218 219 def __sub__(self, y): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__ 220 """ x.__sub__(y) <==> x-y """ 221 pass 222 223 def __truediv__(self, y): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__ 224 """ x.__truediv__(y) <==> x/y """ 225 pass 226 227 def __trunc__(self, *args, **kwargs): # real signature unknown 228 """ Truncating an Integral returns itself. """ 229 pass 230 231 def __xor__(self, y): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__ 232 """ x.__xor__(y) <==> x^y """ 233 pass 234 235 denominator = property(lambda self: object(), lambda self, v: None, lambda self: None) # default 236 """the denominator of a rational number in lowest terms""" 237 238 imag = property(lambda self: object(), lambda self, v: None, lambda self: None) # default 239 """the imaginary part of a complex number""" 240 241 numerator = property(lambda self: object(), lambda self, v: None, lambda self: None) # default 242 """the numerator of a rational number in lowest terms""" 243 244 real = property(lambda self: object(), lambda self, v: None, lambda self: None) # default 245 """the real part of a complex number"""
6、符点数
1 class float(object): 2 """ 3 float(x) -> floating point number 4 5 Convert a string or number to a floating point number, if possible. 6 """ 7 def as_integer_ratio(self): 8 """ 获取改值的最简比 """ 9 """ 10 float.as_integer_ratio() -> (int, int) 11 Return a pair of integers, whose ratio is exactly equal to the original 12 float and with a positive denominator. 13 Raise OverflowError on infinities and a ValueError on NaNs. 14 >>> (10.0).as_integer_ratio() 15 (10, 1) 16 >>> (0.0).as_integer_ratio() 17 (0, 1) 18 >>> (-.25).as_integer_ratio() 19 (-1, 4) 20 """ 21 pass 22 def conjugate(self, *args, **kwargs): # real signature unknown 23 """ Return self, the complex conjugate of any float. """ 24 pass 25 def fromhex(self, string): 26 """ 将十六进制字符串转换成浮点型 """ 27 """ 28 float.fromhex(string) -> float 29 30 Create a floating-point number from a hexadecimal string. 31 >>> float.fromhex('0x1.ffffp10') 32 2047.984375 33 >>> float.fromhex('-0x1p-1074') 34 -4.9406564584124654e-324 35 """ 36 return 0.0 37 def hex(self): 38 """ 返回当前值的 16 进制表示 """ 39 """ 40 float.hex() -> string 41 42 Return a hexadecimal representation of a floating-point number. 43 >>> (-0.1).hex() 44 '-0x1.999999999999ap-4' 45 >>> 3.14159.hex() 46 '0x1.921f9f01b866ep+1' 47 """ 48 return "" 49 def is_integer(self, *args, **kwargs): # real signature unknown 50 """ Return True if the float is an integer. """ 51 pass 52 def __abs__(self): 53 """ x.__abs__() <==> abs(x) """ 54 pass 55 def __add__(self, y): 56 """ x.__add__(y) <==> x+y """ 57 pass 58 def __coerce__(self, y): 59 """ x.__coerce__(y) <==> coerce(x, y) """ 60 pass 61 def __divmod__(self, y): 62 """ x.__divmod__(y) <==> divmod(x, y) """ 63 pass 64 def __div__(self, y): 65 """ x.__div__(y) <==> x/y """ 66 pass 67 def __eq__(self, y): 68 """ x.__eq__(y) <==> x==y """ 69 pass 70 def __float__(self): 71 """ x.__float__() <==> float(x) """ 72 pass 73 def __floordiv__(self, y): 74 """ x.__floordiv__(y) <==> x//y """ 75 pass 76 def __format__(self, format_spec): 77 """ 78 float.__format__(format_spec) -> string 79 80 Formats the float according to format_spec. 81 """ 82 return "" 83 def __getattribute__(self, name): 84 """ x.__getattribute__('name') <==> x.name """ 85 pass 86 def __getformat__(self, typestr): 87 """ 88 float.__getformat__(typestr) -> string 89 90 You probably don't want to use this function. It exists mainly to be 91 used in Python's test suite. 92 93 typestr must be 'double' or 'float'. This function returns whichever of 94 'unknown', 'IEEE, big-endian' or 'IEEE, little-endian' best describes the 95 format of floating point numbers used by the C type named by typestr. 96 """ 97 return "" 98 def __getnewargs__(self, *args, **kwargs): # real signature unknown 99 pass 100 def __ge__(self, y): 101 """ x.__ge__(y) <==> x>=y """ 102 pass 103 def __gt__(self, y): 104 """ x.__gt__(y) <==> x>y """ 105 pass 106 def __hash__(self): 107 """ x.__hash__() <==> hash(x) """ 108 pass 109 def __init__(self, x): 110 pass 111 def __int__(self): 112 """ x.__int__() <==> int(x) """ 113 pass 114 def __le__(self, y): 115 """ x.__le__(y) <==> x<=y """ 116 pass 117 def __long__(self): 118 """ x.__long__() <==> long(x) """ 119 pass 120 def __lt__(self, y): 121 """ x.__lt__(y) <==> x<y """ 122 pass 123 def __mod__(self, y): 124 """ x.__mod__(y) <==> x%y """ 125 pass 126 def __mul__(self, y): 127 """ x.__mul__(y) <==> x*y """ 128 pass 129 def __neg__(self): 130 """ x.__neg__() <==> -x """ 131 pass 132 @staticmethod # known case of __new__ 133 def __new__(S, *more): 134 """ T.__new__(S, ...) -> a new object with type S, a subtype of T """ 135 pass 136 def __ne__(self, y): 137 """ x.__ne__(y) <==> x!=y """ 138 pass 139 def __nonzero__(self): 140 """ x.__nonzero__() <==> x != 0 """ 141 pass 142 def __pos__(self): 143 """ x.__pos__() <==> +x """ 144 pass 145 def __pow__(self, y, z=None): 146 """ x.__pow__(y[, z]) <==> pow(x, y[, z]) """ 147 pass 148 def __radd__(self, y): 149 """ x.__radd__(y) <==> y+x """ 150 pass 151 def __rdivmod__(self, y): 152 """ x.__rdivmod__(y) <==> divmod(y, x) """ 153 pass 154 def __rdiv__(self, y): 155 """ x.__rdiv__(y) <==> y/x """ 156 pass 157 def __repr__(self): 158 """ x.__repr__() <==> repr(x) """ 159 pass 160 def __rfloordiv__(self, y): 161 """ x.__rfloordiv__(y) <==> y//x """ 162 pass 163 def __rmod__(self, y): 164 """ x.__rmod__(y) <==> y%x """ 165 pass 166 def __rmul__(self, y): 167 """ x.__rmul__(y) <==> y*x """ 168 pass 169 def __rpow__(self, x, z=None): 170 """ y.__rpow__(x[, z]) <==> pow(x, y[, z]) """ 171 pass 172 def __rsub__(self, y): 173 """ x.__rsub__(y) <==> y-x """ 174 pass 175 def __rtruediv__(self, y): 176 """ x.__rtruediv__(y) <==> y/x """ 177 pass 178 def __setformat__(self, typestr, fmt): 179 """ 180 float.__setformat__(typestr, fmt) -> None 181 182 You probably don't want to use this function. It exists mainly to be 183 used in Python's test suite. 184 185 typestr must be 'double' or 'float'. fmt must be one of 'unknown', 186 'IEEE, big-endian' or 'IEEE, little-endian', and in addition can only be 187 one of the latter two if it appears to match the underlying C reality. 188 189 Override the automatic determination of C-level floating point type. 190 This affects how floats are converted to and from binary strings. 191 """ 192 pass 193 def __str__(self): 194 """ x.__str__() <==> str(x) """ 195 pass 196 def __sub__(self, y): 197 """ x.__sub__(y) <==> x-y """ 198 pass 199 def __truediv__(self, y): 200 """ x.__truediv__(y) <==> x/y """ 201 pass 202 def __trunc__(self, *args, **kwargs): # real signature unknown 203 """ Return the Integral closest to x between 0 and x. """ 204 pass 205 imag = property(lambda self: object(), lambda self, v: None, lambda self: None) # default 206 """the imaginary part of a complex number""" 207 real = property(lambda self: object(), lambda self, v: None, lambda self: None) # default 208 """the real part of a complex number""" 209 float
7、字符串
1 class str(basestring): 2 """ 3 str(object='') -> string 4 5 Return a nice string representation of the object. 6 If the argument is a string, the return value is the same object. 7 """ 8 def capitalize(self): 9 """ 首字母变大写 """ 10 """ 11 S.capitalize() -> string 12 13 Return a copy of the string S with only its first character 14 capitalized. 15 """ 16 return "" 17 def center(self, width, fillchar=None): 18 """ 19 内容居中，width：总长度；fillchar：空白处填充内容，默认无 20 S = 'code' 21 print S.center(12,"*") 22 """ 23 """ 24 S.center(width[, fillchar]) -> string 25 26 Return S centered in a string of length width. Padding is 27 done using the specified fill character (default is a space) 28 """ 29 return "" 30 def count(self, sub, start=None, end=None): 31 """ 子序列个数 """ 32 """ 33 S.count(sub[, start[, end]]) -> int 34 35 Return the number of non-overlapping occurrences of substring sub in 36 string S[start:end]. Optional arguments start and end are interpreted 37 as in slice notation. 38 """ 39 return 0 40 def decode(self, encoding=None, errors=None): 41 """ 解码，默认转为Unicode """ 42 """ 43 S.decode([encoding[,errors]]) -> object 44 45 Decodes S using the codec registered for encoding. encoding defaults 46 to the default encoding. errors may be given to set a different error 47 handling scheme. Default is 'strict' meaning that encoding errors raise 48 a UnicodeDecodeError. Other possible values are 'ignore' and 'replace' 49 as well as any other name registered with codecs.register_error that is 50 able to handle UnicodeDecodeErrors. 51 """ 52 return object() 53 def encode(self, encoding=None, errors=None): 54 """ 编码，针对unicode """ 55 """ 56 S.encode([encoding[,errors]]) -> object 57 58 Encodes S using the codec registered for encoding. encoding defaults 59 to the default encoding. errors may be given to set a different error 60 handling scheme. Default is 'strict' meaning that encoding errors raise 61 a UnicodeEncodeError. Other possible values are 'ignore', 'replace' and 62 'xmlcharrefreplace' as well as any other name registered with 63 codecs.register_error that is able to handle UnicodeEncodeErrors. 64 """ 65 return object() 66 def endswith(self, suffix, start=None, end=None): 67 """ 是否以 xxx 结束 """ 68 """ 69 S.endswith(suffix[, start[, end]]) -> bool 70 71 Return True if S ends with the specified suffix, False otherwise. 72 With optional start, test S beginning at that position. 73 With optional end, stop comparing S at that position. 74 suffix can also be a tuple of strings to try. 75 """ 76 return False 77 def expandtabs(self, tabsize=None): 78 """ 将tab转换成空格，默认一个tab转换成8个空格 """ 79 """ 80 S.expandtabs([tabsize]) -> string 81 82 Return a copy of S where all tab characters are expanded using spaces. 83 If tabsize is not given, a tab size of 8 characters is assumed. 84 """ 85 return "" 86 def find(self, sub, start=None, end=None): 87 """ 寻找子序列位置，如果没找到，则异常（-1） """ 88 """ 89 S.find(sub [,start [,end]]) -> int 90 91 Return the lowest index in S where substring sub is found, 92 such that sub is contained within S[start:end]. Optional 93 arguments start and end are interpreted as in slice notation. 94 95 Return -1 on failure. 96 """ 97 return 0 98 def format(*args, **kwargs): # known special case of str.format 99 """ 字符串格式化，动态参数，将函数式编程时细说 """ 100 """ 101 S.format(*args, **kwargs) -> string 102 103 Return a formatted version of S, using substitutions from args and kwargs. 104 The substitutions are identified by braces ('{' and '}'). 105 """ 106 pass 107 def index(self, sub, start=None, end=None): 108 """ 子序列位置，如果没找到 """ 109 S.index(sub [,start [,end]]) -> int 110 111 Like S.find() but raise ValueError when the substring is not found. 112 """ 113 return 0 114 def isalnum(self): 115 """ 是否是字母或数字""" 116 """ 117 S.isalnum() -> bool 118 119 Return True if all characters in S are alphanumeric 120 and there is at least one character in S, False otherwise. 121 """ 122 return False 123 def isalpha(self): 124 """ 是不中是字母 """ 125 """ 126 S.isalpha() -> bool 127 128 Return True if all characters in S are alphabetic 129 and there is at least one character in S, False otherwise. 130 """ 131 return False 132 def isdigit(self): 133 """ 是否是数字 """ 134 """ 135 S.isdigit() -> bool 136 137 Return True if all characters in S are digits 138 and there is at least one character in S, False otherwise. 139 """ 140 return False 141 def islower(self): 142 """ 是否是小写 """ 143 """ 144 S.islower() -> bool 145 146 Return True if all cased characters in S are lowercase and there is 147 at least one cased character in S, False otherwise. 148 """ 149 return False 150 def isspace(self): 151 """ 152 S.isspace() -> bool 153 154 Return True if all characters in S are whitespace 155 and there is at least one character in S, False otherwise. 156 """ 157 return False 158 def istitle(self): 159 """ 是否是标题 """ 160 """ 161 S.istitle() -> bool 162 163 Return True if S is a titlecased string and there is at least one 164 character in S, i.e. uppercase characters may only follow uncased 165 characters and lowercase characters only cased ones. Return False 166 otherwise. 167 """ 168 return False 169 def isupper(self): 170 """ 是否是大写 """ 171 """ 172 S.isupper() -> bool 173 174 Return True if all cased characters in S are uppercase and there is 175 at least one cased character in S, False otherwise. 176 """ 177 return False 178 def join(self, iterable): 179 """ 连接 '_'.join(S) """ 180 """ 181 S.join(iterable) -> string 182 183 Return a string which is the concatenation of the strings in the 184 iterable. The separator between elements is S. 185 """ 186 return "" 187 def ljust(self, width, fillchar=None): 188 """ 内容在左，右侧填充 """ 189 """ 190 S.ljust(width[, fillchar]) -> string 191 192 Return S left-justified in a string of length width. Padding is 193 done using the specified fill character (default is a space). 194 """ 195 return "" 196 def lower(self): 197 """ 转换为小写 """ 198 """ 199 S.lower() -> string 200 201 Return a copy of the string S converted to lowercase. 202 """ 203 return "" 204 def lstrip(self, chars=None): 205 """ 移除左侧空白 """ 206 """ 207 S.lstrip([chars]) -> string or unicode 208 209 Return a copy of the string S with leading whitespace removed. 210 If chars is given and not None, remove characters in chars instead. 211 If chars is unicode, S will be converted to unicode before stripping 212 """ 213 return "" 214 def partition(self, sep): 215 """ 分割前、中、后三部分 """ 216 """ 217 S.partition(sep) -> (head, sep, tail) 218 219 Search for the separator sep in S, and return the part before it, 220 the separator itself, and the part after it. If the separator is not 221 found, return S and two empty strings. 222 """ 223 pass 224 def replace(self, old, new, count=None): 225 """ 替换 """ 226 """ 227 S.replace(old, new[, count]) -> string 228 229 Return a copy of string S with all occurrences of substring 230 old replaced by new. If the optional argument count is 231 given, only the first count occurrences are replaced. 232 """ 233 return "" 234 def rfind(self, sub, start=None, end=None): 235 """ 236 S.rfind(sub [,start [,end]]) -> int 237 238 Return the highest index in S where substring sub is found, 239 such that sub is contained within S[start:end]. Optional 240 arguments start and end are interpreted as in slice notation. 241 242 Return -1 on failure. 243 """ 244 return 0 245 def rindex(self, sub, start=None, end=None): 246 """ 247 S.rindex(sub [,start [,end]]) -> int 248 249 Like S.rfind() but raise ValueError when the substring is not found. 250 """ 251 return 0 252 def rjust(self, width, fillchar=None): 253 """ 254 S.rjust(width[, fillchar]) -> string 255 256 Return S right-justified in a string of length width. Padding is 257 done using the specified fill character (default is a space) 258 """ 259 return "" 260 def rpartition(self, sep): 261 """ 262 S.rpartition(sep) -> (head, sep, tail) 263 264 Search for the separator sep in S, starting at the end of S, and return 265 the part before it, the separator itself, and the part after it. If the 266 separator is not found, return two empty strings and S. 267 """ 268 pass 269 def rsplit(self, sep=None, maxsplit=None): 270 """ 271 S.rsplit([sep [,maxsplit]]) -> list of strings 272 273 Return a list of the words in the string S, using sep as the 274 delimiter string, starting at the end of the string and working 275 to the front. If maxsplit is given, at most maxsplit splits are 276 done. If sep is not specified or is None, any whitespace string 277 is a separator. 278 """ 279 return [] 280 def rstrip(self, chars=None): 281 """ 282 S.rstrip([chars]) -> string or unicode 283 284 Return a copy of the string S with trailing whitespace removed. 285 If chars is given and not None, remove characters in chars instead. 286 If chars is unicode, S will be converted to unicode before stripping 287 """ 288 return "" 289 def split(self, sep=None, maxsplit=None): 290 """ 分割，maxsplit,最多分割几次 """ 291 """ 292 S.split([sep [,maxsplit]]) -> list of strings 293 294 Return a list of the words in the string S, using sep as the 295 delimiter string. If maxsplit is given, at most maxsplit 296 splits are done. If sep is not specified or is None, any 297 whitespace string is a separator and empty strings are removed 298 from the result. 299 """ 300 return [] 301 def splitlines(self, keepends=False): 302 """ 根据换行符分割 """ 303 """ 304 S.splitlines(keepends=False) -> list of strings 305 306 Return a list of the lines in S, breaking at line boundaries. 307 Line breaks are not included in the resulting list unless keepends 308 is given and true. 309 """ 310 return [] 311 def startswith(self, prefix, start=None, end=None): 312 """ 是否起始 """ 313 """ 314 S.startswith(prefix[, start[, end]]) -> bool 315 316 Return True if S starts with the specified prefix, False otherwise. 317 With optional start, test S beginning at that position. 318 With optional end, stop comparing S at that position. 319 prefix can also be a tuple of strings to try. 320 """ 321 return False 322 def strip(self, chars=None): 323 """ 移除两边的空白 """ 324 """ 325 S.strip([chars]) -> string or unicode 326 327 Return a copy of the string S with leading and trailing 328 whitespace removed. 329 If chars is given and not None, remove characters in chars instead. 330 If chars is unicode, S will be converted to unicode before stripping 331 """ 332 return "" 333 def swapcase(self): 334 """ 大写变小写，小写变大写 """ 335 """ 336 S.swapcase() -> string 337 338 Return a copy of the string S with uppercase characters 339 converted to lowercase and vice versa. 340 """ 341 return "" 342 def title(self): 343 """ 设置为标题 """ 344 """ 345 S.title() -> string 346 347 Return a titlecased version of S, i.e. words start with uppercase 348 characters, all remaining cased characters have lowercase. 349 """ 350 return "" 351 def translate(self, table, deletechars=None): 352 """ 353 转换，需要先做一个对应表，最后一个表示删除字符集合 354 intab = "aeiou" 355 outtab = "12345" 356 trantab = maketrans(intab, outtab) 357 str = "this is string example....wow!!!" 358 print str.translate(trantab, 'xm') 359 """ 360 """ 361 S.translate(table [,deletechars]) -> string 362 363 Return a copy of the string S, where all characters occurring 364 in the optional argument deletechars are removed, and the 365 remaining characters have been mapped through the given 366 translation table, which must be a string of length 256 or None. 367 If the table argument is None, no translation is applied and 368 the operation simply removes the characters in deletechars. 369 """ 370 return "" 371 def upper(self): 372 """ 373 """ 转换为大写 """ 374 S.upper() -> string 375 376 Return a copy of the string S converted to uppercase. 377 """ 378 return "" 379 def zfill(self, width): 380 """ 方法返回指定长度的字符串，原字符串右对齐，前面填充0""" 381 """ 382 S.zfill(width) -> string 383 384 Pad a numeric string S with zeros on the left, to fill a field 385 of the specified width. The string S is never truncated. 386 """ 387 return "" 388 def _formatter_field_name_split(self, *args, **kwargs): # real signature unknown 389 pass 390 def _formatter_parser(self, *args, **kwargs): # real signature unknown 391 pass 392 def __add__(self, y): 393 """ x.__add__(y) <==> x+y """ 394 pass 395 def __contains__(self, y): 396 """ x.__contains__(y) <==> y in x """ 397 pass 398 def __eq__(self, y): 399 """ x.__eq__(y) <==> x==y """ 400 pass 401 def __format__(self, format_spec): 402 """ 403 S.__format__(format_spec) -> string 404 405 Return a formatted version of S as described by format_spec. 406 """ 407 return "" 408 def __getattribute__(self, name): 409 """ x.__getattribute__('name') <==> x.name """ 410 pass 411 def __getitem__(self, y): 412 """ x.__getitem__(y) <==> x[y] """ 413 pass 414 def __getnewargs__(self, *args, **kwargs): # real signature unknown 415 pass 416 def __getslice__(self, i, j): 417 """ 418 x.__getslice__(i, j) <==> x[i:j] 419 420 Use of negative indices is not supported. 421 """ 422 pass 423 def __ge__(self, y): 424 """ x.__ge__(y) <==> x>=y """ 425 pass 426 def __gt__(self, y): 427 """ x.__gt__(y) <==> x>y """ 428 pass 429 def __hash__(self): 430 """ x.__hash__() <==> hash(x) """ 431 pass 432 def __init__(self, string=''): # known special case of str.__init__ 433 """ 434 str(object='') -> string 435 436 Return a nice string representation of the object. 437 If the argument is a string, the return value is the same object. 438 # (copied from class doc) 439 """ 440 pass 441 def __len__(self): 442 """ x.__len__() <==> len(x) """ 443 pass 444 def __le__(self, y): 445 """ x.__le__(y) <==> x<=y """ 446 pass 447 def __lt__(self, y): 448 """ x.__lt__(y) <==> x<y """ 449 pass 450 def __mod__(self, y): 451 """ x.__mod__(y) <==> x%y """ 452 pass 453 def __mul__(self, n): 454 """ x.__mul__(n) <==> x*n """ 455 pass 456 @staticmethod # known case of __new__ 457 def __new__(S, *more): 458 """ T.__new__(S, ...) -> a new object with type S, a subtype of T """ 459 pass 460 def __ne__(self, y): 461 """ x.__ne__(y) <==> x!=y """ 462 pass 463 def __repr__(self): 464 """ x.__repr__() <==> repr(x) """ 465 pass 466 def __rmod__(self, y): 467 """ x.__rmod__(y) <==> y%x """ 468 pass 469 def __rmul__(self, n): 470 """ x.__rmul__(n) <==> n*x """ 471 pass 472 def __sizeof__(self): 473 """ S.__sizeof__() -> size of S in memory, in bytes """ 474 pass 475 def __str__(self): 476 """ x.__str__() <==> str(x) """ 477 pass 478 str
8、列表
1 class list(object): 2 """ 3 list() -> new empty list 4 list(iterable) -> new list initialized from iterable's items 5 """ 6 def append(self, p_object): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__ 7 """ L.append(object) -- append object to end """ 8 pass 9 def count(self, value): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__ 10 """ L.count(value) -> integer -- return number of occurrences of value """ 11 return 0 12 def extend(self, iterable): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__ 13 """ L.extend(iterable) -- extend list by appending elements from the iterable """ 14 pass 15 def index(self, value, start=None, stop=None): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__ 16 """ 17 L.index(value, [start, [stop]]) -> integer -- return first index of value. 18 Raises ValueError if the value is not present. 19 """ 20 return 0 21 def insert(self, index, p_object): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__ 22 """ L.insert(index, object) -- insert object before index """ 23 pass 24 def pop(self, index=None): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__ 25 """ 26 L.pop([index]) -> item -- remove and return item at index (default last). 27 Raises IndexError if list is empty or index is out of range. 28 """ 29 pass 30 def remove(self, value): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__ 31 """ 32 L.remove(value) -- remove first occurrence of value. 33 Raises ValueError if the value is not present. 34 """ 35 pass 36 def reverse(self): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__ 37 """ L.reverse() -- reverse *IN PLACE* """ 38 pass 39 def sort(self, cmp=None, key=None, reverse=False): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__ 40 """ 41 L.sort(cmp=None, key=None, reverse=False) -- stable sort *IN PLACE*; 42 cmp(x, y) -> -1, 0, 1 43 """ 44 pass 45 def __add__(self, y): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__ 46 """ x.__add__(y) <==> x+y """ 47 pass 48 def __contains__(self, y): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__ 49 """ x.__contains__(y) <==> y in x """ 50 pass 51 def __delitem__(self, y): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__ 52 """ x.__delitem__(y) <==> del x[y] """ 53 pass 54 def __delslice__(self, i, j): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__ 55 """ 56 x.__delslice__(i, j) <==> del x[i:j] 57 58 Use of negative indices is not supported. 59 """ 60 pass 61 def __eq__(self, y): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__ 62 """ x.__eq__(y) <==> x==y """ 63 pass 64 def __getattribute__(self, name): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__ 65 """ x.__getattribute__('name') <==> x.name """ 66 pass 67 def __getitem__(self, y): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__ 68 """ x.__getitem__(y) <==> x[y] """ 69 pass 70 def __getslice__(self, i, j): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__ 71 """ 72 x.__getslice__(i, j) <==> x[i:j] 73 74 Use of negative indices is not supported. 75 """ 76 pass 77 def __ge__(self, y): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__ 78 """ x.__ge__(y) <==> x>=y """ 79 pass 80 def __gt__(self, y): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__ 81 """ x.__gt__(y) <==> x>y """ 82 pass 83 def __iadd__(self, y): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__ 84 """ x.__iadd__(y) <==> x+=y """ 85 pass 86 def __imul__(self, y): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__ 87 """ x.__imul__(y) <==> x*=y """ 88 pass 89 def __init__(self, seq=()): # known special case of list.__init__ 90 """ 91 list() -> new empty list 92 list(iterable) -> new list initialized from iterable's items 93 # (copied from class doc) 94 """ 95 pass 96 def __iter__(self): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__ 97 """ x.__iter__() <==> iter(x) """ 98 pass 99 def __len__(self): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__ 100 """ x.__len__() <==> len(x) """ 101 pass 102 def __le__(self, y): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__ 103 """ x.__le__(y) <==> x<=y """ 104 pass 105 def __lt__(self, y): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__ 106 """ x.__lt__(y) <==> x<y """ 107 pass 108 def __mul__(self, n): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__ 109 """ x.__mul__(n) <==> x*n """ 110 pass 111 @staticmethod # known case of __new__ 112 def __new__(S, *more): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__ 113 """ T.__new__(S, ...) -> a new object with type S, a subtype of T """ 114 pass 115 def __ne__(self, y): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__ 116 """ x.__ne__(y) <==> x!=y """ 117 pass 118 def __repr__(self): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__ 119 """ x.__repr__() <==> repr(x) """ 120 pass 121 def __reversed__(self): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__ 122 """ L.__reversed__() -- return a reverse iterator over the list """ 123 pass 124 def __rmul__(self, n): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__ 125 """ x.__rmul__(n) <==> n*x """ 126 pass 127 def __setitem__(self, i, y): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__ 128 """ x.__setitem__(i, y) <==> x[i]=y """ 129 pass 130 def __setslice__(self, i, j, y): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__ 131 """ 132 x.__setslice__(i, j, y) <==> x[i:j]=y 133 134 Use of negative indices is not supported. 135 """ 136 pass 137 def __sizeof__(self): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__ 138 """ L.__sizeof__() -- size of L in memory, in bytes """ 139 pass 140 __hash__ = None
9、元组
1 class tuple(object): 2 """ 3 tuple() -> empty tuple 4 tuple(iterable) -> tuple initialized from iterable's items 5 6 If the argument is a tuple, the return value is the same object. 7 """ 8 def count(self, value): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__ 9 """ T.count(value) -> integer -- return number of occurrences of value """ 10 return 0 11 def index(self, value, start=None, stop=None): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__ 12 """ 13 T.index(value, [start, [stop]]) -> integer -- return first index of value. 14 Raises ValueError if the value is not present. 15 """ 16 return 0 17 def __add__(self, y): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__ 18 """ x.__add__(y) <==> x+y """ 19 pass 20 def __contains__(self, y): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__ 21 """ x.__contains__(y) <==> y in x """ 22 pass 23 def __eq__(self, y): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__ 24 """ x.__eq__(y) <==> x==y """ 25 pass 26 def __getattribute__(self, name): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__ 27 """ x.__getattribute__('name') <==> x.name """ 28 pass 29 def __getitem__(self, y): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__ 30 """ x.__getitem__(y) <==> x[y] """ 31 pass 32 def __getnewargs__(self, *args, **kwargs): # real signature unknown 33 pass 34 def __getslice__(self, i, j): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__ 35 """ 36 x.__getslice__(i, j) <==> x[i:j] 37 38 Use of negative indices is not supported. 39 """ 40 pass 41 def __ge__(self, y): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__ 42 """ x.__ge__(y) <==> x>=y """ 43 pass 44 def __gt__(self, y): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__ 45 """ x.__gt__(y) <==> x>y """ 46 pass 47 def __hash__(self): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__ 48 """ x.__hash__() <==> hash(x) """ 49 pass 50 def __init__(self, seq=()): # known special case of tuple.__init__ 51 """ 52 tuple() -> empty tuple 53 tuple(iterable) -> tuple initialized from iterable's items 54 55 If the argument is a tuple, the return value is the same object. 56 # (copied from class doc) 57 """ 58 pass 59 def __iter__(self): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__ 60 """ x.__iter__() <==> iter(x) """ 61 pass 62 def __len__(self): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__ 63 """ x.__len__() <==> len(x) """ 64 pass 65 def __le__(self, y): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__ 66 """ x.__le__(y) <==> x<=y """ 67 pass 68 def __lt__(self, y): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__ 69 """ x.__lt__(y) <==> x<y """ 70 pass 71 def __mul__(self, n): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__ 72 """ x.__mul__(n) <==> x*n """ 73 pass 74 @staticmethod # known case of __new__ 75 def __new__(S, *more): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__ 76 """ T.__new__(S, ...) -> a new object with type S, a subtype of T """ 77 pass 78 def __ne__(self, y): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__ 79 """ x.__ne__(y) <==> x!=y """ 80 pass 81 def __repr__(self): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__ 82 """ x.__repr__() <==> repr(x) """ 83 pass 84 def __rmul__(self, n): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__ 85 """ x.__rmul__(n) <==> n*x """ 86 pass
10、字典
PS:字典循环时默认循环key
1 class dict(object): 2 """ 3 dict() -> new empty dictionary 4 dict(mapping) -> new dictionary initialized from a mapping object's 5 (key, value) pairs 6 dict(iterable) -> new dictionary initialized as if via: 7 d = {} 8 for k, v in iterable: 9 d[k] = v 10 dict(**kwargs) -> new dictionary initialized with the name=value pairs 11 in the keyword argument list. For example: dict(one=1, two=2) 12 """ 13 def clear(self): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__ 14 """ D.clear() -> None. Remove all items from D. """ 15 """ 清除内容 """ 16 pass 17 def copy(self): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__ 18 """ 浅copy, 19 """ D.copy() -> a shallow copy of D """ 20 pass 21 @staticmethod # known case 22 def fromkeys(S, v=None): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__ 23 """ 查询key值是否在字典中""" 24 """ 25 dict.fromkeys(S[,v]) -> New dict with keys from S and values equal to v. 26 v defaults to None. 27 """ 28 pass 29 def get(self, k, d=None): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__ 30 """ D.get(k[,d]) -> D[k] if k in D, else d. d defaults to None. """ 31 """ 根据key获取值，d是默认值 """ 32 pass 33 def has_key(self, k): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__ 34 """ D.has_key(k) -> True if D has a key k, else False """ 35 """ key是否在字典中 """ 36 return False 37 def items(self): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__ 38 """ D.items() -> list of D's (key, value) pairs, as 2-tuples """ 39 """ 会得到一个列表，列表内key与value组成一个元组 """ 40 return [] 41 def iteritems(self): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__ 42 """ D.iteritems() -> an iterator over the (key, value) items of D """ 43 """ 项可迭代 """ 44 pass 45 def iterkeys(self): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__ 46 """ D.iterkeys() -> an iterator over the keys of D """ 47 """ key可迭代 """ 48 pass 49 def itervalues(self): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__ 50 """ D.itervalues() -> an iterator over the values of D """ 51 """ value可迭代 """ 52 pass 53 def keys(self): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__ 54 """ D.keys() -> list of D's keys """ 55 """ 列出所有keys """ 56 return [] 57 def pop(self, k, d=None): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__ 58 """ 59 D.pop(k[,d]) -> v, remove specified key and return the corresponding value. 60 If key is not found, d is returned if given, otherwise KeyError is raised 61 """ 62 """ 获取并在字典中移除 """ 63 pass 64 def popitem(self): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__ 65 """ 66 D.popitem() -> (k, v), remove and return some (key, value) pair as a 67 2-tuple; but raise KeyError if D is empty. 68 """ 69 """ 获取并在字典中移项""" 70 pass 71 def setdefault(self, k, d=None): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__ 72 """ D.setdefault(k[,d]) -> D.get(k,d), also set D[k]=d if k not in D """ 73 """ 如果key不存在，则创建，如果存在，则返回已存在的值且不修改 """ 74 pass 75 def update(self, E=None, **F): # known special case of dict.update 76 """ 77 D.update([E, ]**F) -> None. Update D from dict/iterable E and F. 78 If E present and has a .keys() method, does: for k in E: D[k] = E[k] 79 If E present and lacks .keys() method, does: for (k, v) in E: D[k] = v 80 In either case, this is followed by: for k in F: D[k] = F[k] 81 """ 82 """ 更新 """ 83 pass 84 def values(self): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__ 85 """ D.values() -> list of D's values """ 86 """ 所有的value """ 87 return [] 88 def viewitems(self): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__ 89 """ D.viewitems() -> a set-like object providing a view on D's items """ 90 """ 所有项，只是将内容保存至view对象中 """ 91 pass 92 def viewkeys(self): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__ 93 """ D.viewkeys() -> a set-like object providing a view on D's keys """ 94 pass 95 def viewvalues(self): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__ 96 """ D.viewvalues() -> an object providing a view on D's values """ 97 pass 98 def __cmp__(self, y): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__ 99 """ x.__cmp__(y) <==> cmp(x,y) """ 100 pass 101 def __contains__(self, k): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__ 102 """ D.__contains__(k) -> True if D has a key k, else False """ 103 return False 104 def __delitem__(self, y): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__ 105 """ x.__delitem__(y) <==> del x[y] """ 106 pass 107 def __eq__(self, y): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__ 108 """ x.__eq__(y) <==> x==y """ 109 pass 110 def __getattribute__(self, name): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__ 111 """ x.__getattribute__('name') <==> x.name """ 112 pass 113 def __getitem__(self, y): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__ 114 """ x.__getitem__(y) <==> x[y] """ 115 pass 116 def __ge__(self, y): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__ 117 """ x.__ge__(y) <==> x>=y """ 118 pass 119 def __gt__(self, y): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__ 120 """ x.__gt__(y) <==> x>y """ 121 pass 122 def __init__(self, seq=None, **kwargs): # known special case of dict.__init__ 123 """ 124 dict() -> new empty dictionary 125 dict(mapping) -> new dictionary initialized from a mapping object's 126 (key, value) pairs 127 dict(iterable) -> new dictionary initialized as if via: 128 d = {} 129 for k, v in iterable: 130 d[k] = v 131 dict(**kwargs) -> new dictionary initialized with the name=value pairs 132 in the keyword argument list. For example: dict(one=1, two=2) 133 # (copied from class doc) 134 """ 135 pass 136 def __iter__(self): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__ 137 """ x.__iter__() <==> iter(x) """ 138 pass 139 def __len__(self): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__ 140 """ x.__len__() <==> len(x) """ 141 pass 142 def __le__(self, y): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__ 143 """ x.__le__(y) <==> x<=y """ 144 pass 145 def __lt__(self, y): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__ 146 """ x.__lt__(y) <==> x<y """ 147 pass 148 @staticmethod # known case of __new__ 149 def __new__(S, *more): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__ 150 """ T.__new__(S, ...) -> a new object with type S, a subtype of T """ 151 pass 152 def __ne__(self, y): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__ 153 """ x.__ne__(y) <==> x!=y """ 154 pass 155 def __repr__(self): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__ 156 """ x.__repr__() <==> repr(x) """ 157 pass 158 def __setitem__(self, i, y): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__ 159 """ x.__setitem__(i, y) <==> x[i]=y """ 160 pass 161 def __sizeof__(self): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__ 162 """ D.__sizeof__() -> size of D in memory, in bytes """ 163 pass 164 __hash__ = None
11、集合
12、其它
编码转换
1 >>> "无" 2 '\xe6\x97\xa0' 3 >>> str1 = '\xe6\x97\xa0' 4 >>> str1.decode('utf-8') 5 u'\u65e0' 6 >>> str1.decode('utf-8').encode('gbk') 7 '\xce\xde' 8 >>> print str1.decode('utf-8').encode('gbk') 9 ��
字符格式化 S.format()
1 >>> name = 'i am {0},age {1}' 2 >>> name.format('kim',12) 3 'i am kim,age 12' 4 >>> name = 'i am {aa},age {bb}' 5 >>> name.format(aa='kim',bb=12) 6 ''i am kim,age 12'
1 >>> name = 'i am {0},age {1}' 2 >>> li = ['kim',13] 3 >>> name.format(*li) 4 'i am kim,age 13' 5 >>> name = 'i am {aa},age {bb}' 6 >>> dc = {'aa':'kim','bb':13} 7 >>> name.format(**dc) 8 'i am kim,age 13'
参考链接：
