二值信息隐藏(分块和游程编码实现)
使用分块进行信息隐藏,因为在对角线上的分块上进行的隐藏,所以
可以明显看到在对角线上有一条线,
200*200的二值图像
512*512的二值图像
(二)使用游程编码,书上的代码逻辑上有错误,还有一些函数错误,根本不能运行出结果
自己修改了得到以下结果
200*200的隐藏160位,可以看到微小的变化
512*512的隐藏160位,基本看不到变化
二值对角线分块隐藏代码
clc; clear; msgfid = fopen('hidden.txt','r'); % 隐藏信息 [msg, count] = fread(msgfid); fclose(msgfid); msg = dec2bin(msg,8); %将读入的每个字节转换成二进制 msg = str2num(msg(:)); watermarklen = count*8; % 需要隐藏的数目 [fn,pn] = uigetfile({'*.bmp','bmpfile(*.bmp)';},'chose file'); filename = strcat(pn,fn); I = imread(filename); % 将载体分成 count*count 个小块,在对角线隐藏信息 [row,col] =size(I); block(1) = floor(row/watermarklen); % block的row block(2) = floor(col/watermarklen); % block的col pixelcount = block(1)*block(2); % 一块的像素数 % 阈值,1的个数必须大于等于此值才能说明隐藏的是1 % 0 的个数必须大于等于此值才能说明隐藏的是 0 if mod(pixelcount, 2) == 0 threshold = pixelcount/2 + 1; else threshold = ceil(pixelcount/2); end carrier = I; % 修改的操作都在carrier上 zeroCount = zeros(1,watermarklen) ; % 用来记录每小块上0的个数 oneCount = zeros(1,watermarklen); % 用来记录每小块上1的个数 % 统计对角线上的小块的0和1 for n=1:watermarklen %使用求和来算出每个小块有多少个·1 oneCount(1,n) = sum(sum(I(block(1)*(n-1)+1:block(1)*n, block(2)*(n-1)+1:block(2)*n))); zeroCount(1,n) = pixelcount - oneCount(1,n); end %隐藏信息 for n=1:watermarklen if msg(n,1) == 1; % 嵌入1 if oneCount(1,n) < threshold; % 但是1小于阈值 modifycount = threshold - oneCount(1,n); % 需要修改的数目 k =1; for i =block(1)*(n-1)+1:block(1)*n for j =block(2)*(n-1)+1:block(2)*n if(carrier(i,j) == 0 && k<=modifycount) carrier(i,j) = 1; k = k+1; end end end end else % 嵌入0 if zeroCount(1,n) < threshold; % 0的个数小于阈值时需要改 modifycount = threshold - zeroCount(1,n); k =1; for i =block(1)*(n-1)+1:block(1)*n for j =block(2)*(n-1)+1:block(2)*n if(carrier(i,j) ==1 && k<=modifycount) carrier(i,j) = 0; k = k+1; end end end end end end %显示结果 imwrite(carrier,'bwmarked.bmp'); figure; imshow(filename); title('原图'); figure; imshow('bwmarked.bmp'); title('载体');
提取代码
clc; clear; [fn,pn] = uigetfile({'*.bmp','bmpfile(*.bmp)';},'chose file'); filename = strcat(pn,fn); I = imread(filename); % 将载体分成 count*count 个小块,在对角线隐藏信息 watermarklen = 160; % 隐藏的数目 [row,col] =size(I); block(1) = floor(row/watermarklen); % block的row block(2) = floor(col/watermarklen); % block的col pixelcount = block(1)*block(2); % 一块的像素数 % 阈值,1的个数必须大于等于此值才能说明隐藏的是1 % 0 的个数必须大于等于此值才能说明隐藏的是 0 if mod(pixelcount, 2) == 0 threshold = pixelcount/2 + 1; else threshold = ceil(pixelcount/2); end %提取出的隐藏信息 hideInfo = zeros(1,watermarklen); for n=1:watermarklen %使用求和来算出每个小块有多少个·1 oneCount = sum(sum(I(block(1)*(n-1)+1:block(1)*n, block(2)*(n-1)+1:block(2)*n))); if oneCount >= threshold % 1的数目大于阈值,则隐藏的信息为1 hideInfo(1, n) = 1; else % 0的数目大于阈值,则隐藏的信息为0 hideInfo(1, n) = 0; end end hideInfo = reshape(hideInfo,length(hideInfo)/8,8); %将二进制字符串分成n行,8列 bin = num2str(hideInfo); % 二进制数值转变成二进制字符串 dec = bin2dec(bin);%二进制字符串转换成十进制数组 recoverdata = native2unicode(dec);% 本机编码转换成unicode fprintf(1, '恢复出的信息: %s\n',recoverdata);
游程编码隐藏代码
clc; clear; threshold = 10; [fn,pn] = uigetfile({'*.bmp','bmpfile(*.bmp)';},'chose file'); filename = strcat(pn,fn); oi = imread(filename); si = size(oi); % 保存读入图像的行列,以便恢复图像 oi = oi(:); % 变成一列, 按列变 [len, col] = size(oi); %len= row,1 carrier = oi; % 以后数据的修改都在carrier上 j=1; i=1; %统计游程长度 while(i <= len) last = oi(i); % 依次取出每个数 count = 1; while( i+1 <= len && oi(i+1)== last) % 下一个与上一个相同 i = i + 1; count = count + 1; end RLE(j) = count; j = j + 1; i = i + 1; end msgfid = fopen('hidden.txt', 'r'); [msg, msgcount] = fread(msgfid); fclose(msgfid); msg = dec2bin(msg,8); %将读入的每个字节转换成二进制 msg = str2num(msg(:)); % msgcount = msgcount*8; % 需要隐藏的数目 i = 1; % msg 的索引 count = 1; % RLE的索引,只为奇数 1 3 5... sum = 0; while count < length(RLE)-1 addSum = RLE(count) + RLE(count+1); %相邻两个数相加的和,从1开始 if count >= 3 sum = sum + RLE(count - 1) + RLE(count - 2); % 当前count的在数组中的下标-1 end if(addSum >= threshold) % 只有当相邻游程和大于给定数的时候,才隐藏信息 if RLE(count) >= RLE(count+1) modifyPoint = sum + RLE(count); % 修改两个游程的临界值,长的那边的 else modifyPoint = sum + RLE(count) + 1; end if(msg(i) == 0) % 嵌入的信息为0,但是游程为奇数,需要修改 if(mod(RLE(count), 2) == 1) %RLE(count) == '奇数' carrier(modifyPoint) = mod(carrier(modifyPoint)+1 ,2); % 修改点的值取反 mod(carrier(modifyPoint)+1 ,2) end else % 嵌入的信息为1,但是游程为偶数,需要修改 if mod(RLE(count), 2) == 0 %RLE(count) == '偶数' carrier(modifyPoint) = mod(carrier(modifyPoint) + 1 ,2); % 修改点的值取反 mod(carrier(modifyPoint)+1 ,2) end end i = i + 1; % 隐藏一个位后, msg索引加1 end count = count + 2; %不管有没有隐藏信息,count都要增加 if i == msgcount % 所有的信息都已隐藏就退出循环 break; end end if i < msgcount error('不能隐藏全部信息!'); end imwrite(reshape(carrier, si(1),si(2)), 'hide.bmp'); figure; subplot(121); imshow(reshape(oi, si(1),si(2))); title('原图'); subplot(122); imshow('hide.bmp'); title('载体');
提取代码
clc; clear; %也可以增大隐藏信息的间隔 count 1 5 9 13 以后实现 threshold = 3; [fn,pn] = uigetfile({'*.bmp','bmpfile(*.bmp)';},'chose file'); filename = strcat(pn,fn); oi = imread(filename); oi = oi(:); % 变成一列, 按列变 [len, col] = size(oi); %len= row,1 j=1; i=1; %统计游程长度 while(i <= len) last = oi(i); % 依次取出每个数 count = 1; while( i+1 <= len && oi(i+1)== last) % 下一个与上一个相同 i = i + 1; count = count + 1; end RLE(j) = count; j = j + 1; i = i + 1; end i = 1; msgcount = 160; msg = zeros(msgcount,1); count = 1; % RLE的索引,只为奇数 1 3 5... while i <= msgcount addSum = RLE(count) + RLE(count+1); %相邻两个数相加的和,从1开始 if(addSum >= threshold) % 只有当相邻游程和大于给定数的时候,才隐藏信息 if mod(RLE(count),2) == 0 msg(i) = 0; else msg(i) = 1; end i = i + 1; end count = count + 2; end hideInfo = reshape(msg,length(msg)/8,8); %将二进制字符串分成n行,8列 bin = num2str(hideInfo); % 二进制数值转变成二进制字符串 dec = bin2dec(bin);%二进制字符串转换成十进制数组 recoverdata = native2unicode(dec);% 本机编码转换成unicode fprintf(1, '恢复出的信息: %s\n',recoverdata);
WE ARE ALL IN THE GUTTER, BUT SOME OF US ARE LOOKING AT THE STARS