步步为营-64-进程&线程
1 进程
using System; using System.Collections.Generic; using System.Diagnostics; using System.Linq; using System.Text; using System.Threading.Tasks; namespace 进程线程 { class Program { static void Main(string[] args) { //获取当前进程 Process p1 = Process.GetCurrentProcess(); Console.WriteLine(p1.Id); Console.WriteLine(p1.ProcessName); //打开新的进程 Process p2 = Process.Start("cmd.exe"); string key = Console.ReadLine(); if (key=="k") { //杀死进程 p2.Kill(); } Console.ReadLine(); } } }
2 应用程序域
using System; using System.Collections.Generic; using System.Linq; using System.Text; using System.Threading.Tasks; namespace 应用程序域 { class Program { static void Main(string[] args) { //01 获取当前应用程序域 AppDomain ad = AppDomain.CurrentDomain; Console.WriteLine(ad.FriendlyName); //02 在当前程序域中打开程序集,不会开启新进程 AppDomain ap2= AppDomain.CreateDomain("xyxtl"); int id = ap2.ExecuteAssembly("进程线程.exe"); Console.Write(id); Console.ReadKey(); } } }
3 线程
using System; using System.Collections.Generic; using System.Linq; using System.Text; using System.Threading; using System.Threading.Tasks; namespace 线程 { class Program { static void Main(string[] args) { #region 01 获取当前线程-默认程序启动后,会有一个主线程 Thread t1 = Thread.CurrentThread; Console.WriteLine(t1.ManagedThreadId); #endregion #region 02 开辟一个新线程 - 02-01 无参;02-02 有参 //02-01 有参 Thread t2 = new Thread(() => { Console.WriteLine(Thread.CurrentThread.ManagedThreadId);//输出当前线程编号 Console.WriteLine("无参,构造函数!"); }); t2.Start(); //02-02 有参 #endregion Thread t3 = new Thread((p) => { //由于参数是object类型,如果想访问对象特有成员,需要进行类型转换 Person p2 = p as Person; if (p2!=null) { ; Console.WriteLine(p2.Age); } Console.WriteLine(p.ToString()); }); t3.Start(new Person() { Name = "张三", Age = 18, }); Console.Read(); } public class Person { public string Name { get; set; } public int Age { get; set; } public override string ToString() { return string.Format("姓名:{0},年龄{1}",Name,Age); } } } }
3.2 IsBackground属性
using System; using System.Collections.Generic; using System.ComponentModel; using System.Data; using System.Drawing; using System.Linq; using System.Text; using System.Threading; using System.Threading.Tasks; using System.Windows.Forms; namespace 前台线程与后台线程 { public partial class Form1 : Form { public Form1() { InitializeComponent(); } private void button1_Click(object sender, EventArgs e) { Thread t1 = new Thread(() => { while (true) { Console.WriteLine(1); } }); //休息5秒 // Thread.Sleep(5000); t1.Start(); } private void button2_Click(object sender, EventArgs e) { Thread t1 = new Thread(() => { while (true) { Console.WriteLine(2); } }); t1.IsBackground = true; t1.Start(); } } }
当线程是后台线程时,主线程关闭,后台线程也随之关闭;
当线程是前台线程时,主线程关闭,前台线程不关闭;
3.3 join 属性,阻塞join代码所在的当前线程==插队
4 lock
问题的引出
using System; using System.Collections.Generic; using System.Linq; using System.Text; using System.Threading; using System.Threading.Tasks; namespace Lock锁 { class Program { static void Main(string[] args) { int num = 0; Thread th = new Thread(() => { for (int i = 0; i < 10000000; i++) { num--; } }); th.IsBackground = true; th.Start(); for (int i = 0; i < 10000000; i++) { num++; } Console.WriteLine(num); Console.ReadKey(); } } }
解决方法:加锁
using System; using System.Collections.Generic; using System.Linq; using System.Text; using System.Threading; using System.Threading.Tasks; namespace Lock锁 { class Program { static void Main(string[] args) { int num = 0; Thread th = new Thread(() => { for (int i = 0; i < 10000000; i++) { lock ("B") { num --; } } }); th.IsBackground = true; th.Start(); for (int i = 0; i < 10000000; i++) { lock ("B") { num ++; } } Console.WriteLine(num); Console.ReadKey(); } } }
5 栈 stack
using System; using System.Collections.Generic; using System.Linq; using System.Text; using System.Threading.Tasks; namespace 栈 { class Program { static void Main(string[] args) { //定义栈 Stack<BaoZi> bzStack = new Stack<BaoZi>( ); //入栈 bzStack.Push(new BaoZi()); //出栈 if (bzStack.Count>0) { BaoZi bz= bzStack.Pop(); } } public class BaoZi { } } }
6 线程池
线程池中的线程都是后台线程
不能手动设置每个线程的属性(前台,优先级)
比较短的任务考虑线程池,比较长的任务考虑手动创建一个线程
using System; using System.Collections.Generic; using System.Linq; using System.Text; using System.Threading; using System.Threading.Tasks; namespace 线程池 { class Program { static void Main(string[] args) { for (int i = 0; i < 10; i++) { ThreadPool.QueueUserWorkItem((obj) => { Console.WriteLine(obj+"_"+Thread.CurrentThread.ManagedThreadId); Thread.Sleep(100); },i ); } Console.Read(); } } }
7 异步方式调用委托对象
using System; using System.Collections.Generic; using System.Linq; using System.Text; using System.Threading; using System.Threading.Tasks; namespace 异步方式调用委托对象 { class Program { static void Main(string[] args) { //定义一个委托 Action<string> s1 = (s) => { Console.WriteLine(s+"_"+ Thread.CurrentThread.ManagedThreadId); }; //委托的实现-01 //s1("张三"); //委托的实现-02 异步调用实现委托 s1.BeginInvoke("张三",Func1,""); //获取主线程id Console.WriteLine(Thread.CurrentThread.ManagedThreadId); Console.ReadKey(); } #region 委托实现后的回调函数 private static void Func1(IAsyncResult ar) { Console.WriteLine("李四"+"_"+Thread.CurrentThread.ManagedThreadId); } #endregion } }
using System; using System.Collections.Generic; using System.Linq; using System.Text; using System.Threading; using System.Threading.Tasks; namespace 异步方式调用委托对象 { class Program { static void Main(string[] args) { //定义一个委托 Action<string> s1 = (s) => { Console.WriteLine(s+"_"+ Thread.CurrentThread.ManagedThreadId); }; //委托的实现-01 //s1("张三"); //委托的实现-02 异步调用实现委托 IAsyncResult result = s1.BeginInvoke("张三",Func1,""); //保证委托执行完成后,执行后续代码 //只保证委托执行完成,不保证回调函数也执行完成 s1.EndInvoke(result); //获取主线程id Console.WriteLine(Thread.CurrentThread.ManagedThreadId); Console.ReadKey(); } #region 委托实现后的回调函数 private static void Func1(IAsyncResult ar) { Console.WriteLine("李四"+"_"+Thread.CurrentThread.ManagedThreadId); } #endregion } }
8 并行计算
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Diagnostics;
using System.Linq;
using System.Text;
using System.Threading.Tasks;
namespace 并行计算
{
class Program
{
static void Main(string[] args)
{
Stopwatch sp = new Stopwatch();
sp.Start();
//普通计算
//for (int i = 0; i < 100000; i++)
//{
// Console.WriteLine(i);
//}
//并行计算
Parallel.For(1, 100000, (i) => { Console.WriteLine(i); });
sp.Stop();
Console.WriteLine(sp.Elapsed);
Console.ReadKey();
}
}
}
