UI-自定义视图、视图控制器

自定义视图

• 自定义视图：系统标准UI之外，自己组合而出的新的视图。
• iOS提供了很多UI组件，借助它们，我们可以做各种程序。

创建步骤

1. 创建一个UIView子类
2. 在类的初始化方法中添加子视图
3. 类的.h文件提供一些接口（方法），便于外界操作子视图

视图控制器

• UIViewController：视图控制器；
• 控制视图显示，响应事件；
• 分担AppDelegate的工作；
• 实现模块独立，提高复用性。

视图控制器功能

1. 控制试图大小变换、布局视图、响应事件
2. 检测以及处理内存警告
3. 检测以及处理屏幕旋转
4. 检测视图的切换

MVC概述

• UIViewController是MVC设计模式的核心
• MVC是一个框架级的设计模式
• M是Model，主要用于建立数据模型（即数据的结构）
• V是View，我们能看到的所有控件都是view，view主要的功能是阐释数据
• C是控制器，主要是控制M和V的通

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

主要练习实例

//  AppDelegate.h

 

#import <UIKit/UIKit.h>

@interface AppDelegate : UIResponder <UIApplicationDelegate>

@property (strong, nonatomic) UIWindow *window;


@end

 

 

//  AppDelegate.m

 

#import "AppDelegate.h"
//引入自己创建的视图控制器
#import "ViewController.h"
@interface AppDelegate ()

@end

@implementation AppDelegate


- (BOOL)application:(UIApplication *)application didFinishLaunchingWithOptions:(NSDictionary *)launchOptions {
    self.window = [[UIWindow alloc]initWithFrame:[UIScreen mainScreen].bounds];
    self.window.backgroundColor = [UIColor whiteColor];
    //创建视图控制器
    ViewController *vc = [[ViewController alloc]init];
    //用我们创建的视图控制器代替自身的视图控制器
    self.window.rootViewController = vc;
   
    [self.window makeKeyAndVisible];
   
    // Override point for customization after application launch.
    return YES;
}

 

//  YDview.h

 

 

#import <UIKit/UIKit.h>

@interface YDview : UIView
@property(nonatomic,retain)UILabel *lable;
@property(nonatomic,retain)UITextField *textfield;
@property(nonatomic,retain)UIButton *button;

@end

 

//  YDview.m

 

 

#import "YDview.h"

@implementation YDview
-(instancetype)initWithFrame:(CGRect)frame{
    self = [super initWithFrame:frame];
    if (self) {
        self.backgroundColor = [UIColor redColor];
        [self addAllable];
    }
    return self;

}
-(void)addAllable{
    _lable = [[UILabel alloc]initWithFrame:CGRectMake(50, 50, 70, 30)];
    _lable.backgroundColor = [UIColor whiteColor];
    _lable.text = @"用 户 名:";
    [self addSubview:_lable];
   
    _textfield = [[UITextField alloc]initWithFrame:CGRectMake(CGRectGetMaxX(_lable.frame)+20, CGRectGetMinX(_lable.frame), CGRectGetWidth(_lable.frame)+60, CGRectGetHeight(_lable.frame))];
    _textfield.backgroundColor = [UIColor whiteColor];
    [self addSubview:_textfield];
   
    _button = [UIButton buttonWithType:UIButtonTypeCustom];
    _button.frame = CGRectMake(CGRectGetMinX(_lable.frame), CGRectGetMaxY(_lable.frame)+20, CGRectGetWidth(_lable.frame)+20, CGRectGetHeight(_lable.frame));
    [_button setTitle:@"登陆" forState:UIControlStateNormal];
    [_button setTitleColor:[UIColor blueColor] forState:UIControlStateNormal];
    [_button setTitleColor:[UIColor whiteColor] forState:UIControlStateHighlighted];

    _button.backgroundColor = [UIColor greenColor];
    [self addSubview:_button];   }/*// Only override drawRect: if you perform custom drawing.// An empty implementation adversely affects performance during animation.- (void)drawRect:(CGRect)rect {    // Drawing code}*/

@end

 

//  ViewController.h

 

#import <UIKit/UIKit.h>

@interface ViewController : UIViewController

@end

 

//  ViewController.m

 

#import "ViewController.h"
#import "YDview.h"
@interface ViewController ()<UITextFieldDelegate>
//声明一个
@property(nonatomic,retain)YDview *yview;
@end

@implementation ViewController
-(instancetype)initWithNibName:(NSString *)nibNameOrNil bundle:(NSBundle *)nibBundleOrNil{
    self =[super initWithNibName:nibNameOrNil bundle:nibBundleOrNil];
    if (self) {
       
        _yview = [[YDview alloc]initWithFrame:[UIScreen mainScreen].bounds];
//        _yview.backgroundColor = [UIColor yellowColor];
       
    }
    return self;
   
}



-(void)loadView{
     self.view = _yview;
   
}
-(BOOL)textFieldShouldReturn:(UITextField *)textField{
   
    [textField resignFirstResponder];
    return YES;

}

- (void)viewDidLoad {
    [super viewDidLoad];
    _yview.textfield.delegate = self;
   
    [_yview.button addTarget:self action:@selector(abc) forControlEvents:UIControlEventTouchUpInside];
}
-(void)abc{

    NSLog(@"登陆成功呢了");   

}

- (void)didReceiveMemoryWarning {
    [super didReceiveMemoryWarning];
    // Dispose of any resources that can be recreated.
}

/*
#pragma mark - Navigation

// In a storyboard-based application, you will often want to do a little preparation before navigation
- (void)prepareForSegue:(UIStoryboardSegue *)segue sender:(id)sender {
    // Get the new view controller using [segue destinationViewController].
    // Pass the selected object to the new view controller.
}
*/

@end