MySQL 操作语句
解释:|:或;{}:必选;[]:可选
创建数据库并指定字符编码:
CREATE {DATABASE|SCHEMA} [IF NOT EXISTS] db_name [DEFAULT] CHARACTER SET [=] charset_name
创建表并指定储存引擎和字符编码:
CREATE TABLE [IF NOT EXISTS] tbl_name(column_name,......)ENGINE=engine_name [DEFAULT] CHARACTER SET=character_name
给表添加注释:
ALTER TABLE tbl_name COMMENT 'comment_name'
查看数据库引擎
SHOW ENGINES
查看当前服务器下的数据表列表
SHOW {DATABASES|SCHEMAS} [LIKE 'pattern'|WHERE expr]
查看警告信息
SHOW WARNINGS
修改数据库
ALTER {DATABASE|SCHEMA} [db_name] [DEFAULT] CHARACTER SET [=] chanset_name
删除数据库
DROP {DATABASE|SCHEMA} [IF EXISTS] db_name
使用数据库
USE 数据库名称
当前数据库
SELECT DATABASE()
创建数据表
CREATE TABLE [IF NOT EXISTS] table_name(column_name data_type,......)
查看数据表列表
SHOW TABLES [FROM db_name] [LIKE 'pattern'|WHERE expr]
查看数据表结构
SHOW COLUMNS FROM tab_name
插入记录
INSERT [INTO] tbl_name [(col_name,.......)] VALUES(val,...)[,(val,...),...]
记录查找
SELECT col_name,... FROM tbl_name
添加单列
ALTER TABLE tbl_name ADD [COLUMN] col_name column_definition [FIRST|AFTER col_name]
添加多列
ALTER TABLE tbl_name ADD [COLUMN] (col_name column_definition,......)
删除列
ALTER TABLE tbl_name DROP [COLUMN] col_name
添加主键约束
ALTER TABLE tbl_name ADD [CONSTRAINT [symbol]] PRIMARY KEY [index_type] (index_col_name,......)
添加唯一约束
ALTER TABLE tbl_name ADD [CONSTRAINT [symbol]] UNIQUE [INDEX|KEY] [index_name] [index_type] (index_name,......)
添加外键约束
ALTER TABLE tb_name ADD [CONSTRAINT [symbol]] FOREIGN KEY [index_name] (index_col_name,......) reference_definition
添加/删除默认约束
ALTER TABLE tbl_name ALTER [COLUMN] col_name {SET DEFAULT literal | DROP DEFAULT}
删除主键约束
ALTER TABLE tbl_name DROP PRIMARY KEY
删除唯一约束
ALTER TABLE tbl_name DROP {INDEX|KEY} index_name
删除外键约束
ALTER TABLE tbl_name DROP FOREIGN KEY fk_symbol
修改列定义
ALTER TABLE tbl_name MODIFY [COLUMN] col_name column_definition [FIRST|AFTER col_name]
修改列名称
ALTER TABLE tbl_name CHANGE [COLUMN] old_col_name new_col_name column_definition [FIRST|AFTER col_name]
数据表更名
1)ALTER TABLE tbl_name RENAME [TOIAS] new_tbl_name 2)RENAME TABLE tbl_name TO new_tbl_name [,tbl_name2 TO new_tbl_name]........
插入记录
1)INSERT [INTO] tbl_name[(col_name,......)] {VALUES|VALUE} ({expr|DEFAULT},......),(...)... 2)INSERT [INTO] tbl_name SET col_name={expr|DEFAULT},..... 3)INSERT [INTO] tbl_name[(col_name,......)] SELECT .......
UPDATE更新表
UPDATE [LOW_PRIORITY] [IGNORE] tbl_reference SET col_name1={expr|DEFAULT} [,col_name2={expr|DEFAULT}]...[WHERE where_condition]
DELETE删除表
DELETE FROM tbl_name [WHERE where_condition]
SELECT查询表
SELECT select_expr[,select_expr....] [FROM tbl_references [WHERE ehere_condition] [GROUP BY {col_name|position} [ASC|DESC],...] [HAVING where_condition] [ORDER BY {col_name|expr|position} [ASC|DESC],...] [LIMIT {[offset,] row_count |row_count OFFSET offset}]] 1)查询表达式:每一个表达式表示想要的一列,必须有至少一个,多个列之间以英文逗号分隔,星号(*)表示所以列,tbl_name.*可以表示命名表的所有列,查询表达式可以使用[AS] ALIAS_NAME为其赋予别名,别名可用于GROUP BY,ORDER BY或HAVING子句
分页公式: (当前页码-1)*每页显示的记录数
多表更新
UPDATE tbl_name SET col_name={expr|DEFAULT}[,col_name2={expr|DEFAULT}]... [WHERE where_condition]
创建表同时写入数据(CREATE....SELECT)
CREATE TABLE [IF NOT TXISTS] tbl_name [(create_definition,....)] select_statement
多表删除
DELETE FROM tbl_name[.*] [,tbl.name[.*]].... FROM tbl_references [WHERE where_condition]
复制请注明出处,在世界中挣扎的灰太狼