2022MCM/ICM 题目翻译机器翻译

题目翻译

Problem A:

There are many types of bicycle road races including a criterium, a team time trial, and an

individual time trial. A rider’s chance of success can vary for these contests depending on the

type of event, the course, and the rider’s abilities. In an individual time trial, each individual

cyclist is expected to ride a fixed course alone, and the winner is the rider who does so in the

least amount of time.

An individual rider can produce different levels of power for different lengths of time, and the

amount of power and how long a given amount of power a rider can produce varies greatly

between riders. A rider’s power curve indicates how long a rider can produce a given amount of

power. In other words, for a particular length of time the power curve provides the maximum

power a rider can maintain for that given time. Generally, the more power a rider produces, the

less time the rider can maintain that power before having to reduce the amount of power and

recover. A rider may choose to briefly exceed the limits on their power curve, but the rider then

requires extra time at a lower power level to recover. Moreover, a rider’s power output in the

past matters, and riders are increasingly fatigued as a race progresses.

Riders are always looking to minimize the time required to cover a given distance. Given a

particular rider’s capability according to that rider’s power curve, how should that rider apply

power while traversing a given time trial course? Additionally, many types of riders may

participate in an individual time trial, such as a time trial specialist, a climber, a sprinter, a

rouleur, or a puncheur, and each type of rider has a distinct power curve

Requirement

Develop a model that can be applied to any type of rider that determines the relationship between

the rider’s position on the course and the power the rider applies. Keep in mind that the rider has

a limit on the total energy that can be expended over the course, as well as limits that accumulate

from past aggressiveness and for exceeding the power curve limits.

Your model development and report should include the following:

• Define the power profiles of two types of riders. One of your riders should be a time trial

specialist, and the other is a rider of a different type. You should also consider profiles of

riders of different genders.

• Apply your model to various time trial courses including, at a minimum, the ones listed

below for each power profile you defined above:

o 2021 Olympic Time Trial course in Tokyo, Japan,

o 2021 UCI World Championship time trial course in Flanders, Belgium,

o At least one course of your own design that includes at least four sharp turns and

at least one nontrivial road grade. The end of the course should be near its start

point.

Determine the potential impact of weather conditions, including wind directions and wind

strengths, to determine how sensitive your results are for small differences in the weather

and environment.

Determine how sensitive the results are to rider deviations from the target power

distribution. It is unlikely that a rider can follow a highly detailed plan and will miss the

power targets. The rider and the Directeur Sportif will have some idea of the possible

range of expected split times at key parts of a given course.

• Discuss how to extend your model to include the optimal power use for a team time trial

of six riders per team, where the team’s time is determined when the fourth rider crosses

the finish line.

As part of your solution, write a two-page rider’s race guidance for a Directeur Sportif of a team.

The rider’s race guidance should focus on the results for one rider and one time trial course. It

should contain an overview of the directions for the rider. It should also include a broad

summary of your model but be appropriate for a Directeur and rider who do not have

backgrounds in mathematics.

Your PDF solution of no more than 25 total pages should include:

• One-page Summary Sheet.

• Table of Contents.

• Your complete solution.

• Two-page rider’s race guidance for a Directeur Sportif.

• Reference List.

Note: The MCM Contest has a 25-page limit. All aspects of your submission count toward the

25-page limit (Summary Sheet, Table of Contents, Reference List, and any Appendices). You

must cite the sources for your ideas, images, and any other materials used in your report.

自行车公路赛有多种类型，包括标准赛、团体计时赛和

个人计时赛。在这些比赛中，骑手的成功机会可能会有所不同，具体取决于

赛事的类型、路线和骑手的能力。在个人计时赛中，每个人

骑自行车的人应独自骑在固定的路线上，获胜者是在赛道上这样做的骑手

最少的时间。

单个骑手可以在不同的时间长度内产生不同水平的功率，并且

功率的大小和骑手可以产生多长时间的功率变化很大

车手之间。骑手的功率曲线表明骑手可以产生给定数量的

力量。换句话说，对于特定的时间长度，功率曲线提供了最大

骑手在给定时间内可以保持的力量。一般来说，骑手产生的力量越大，

骑手在必须减少功率之前可以保持该功率的时间更少，并且

恢复。骑手可能会选择短暂超出其功率曲线的限制，但骑手随后

需要额外的时间以较低的功率水平恢复。此外，骑手的动力输出在

过去的事情，随着比赛的进行，车手们越来越疲惫。

骑手总是希望尽量减少行驶给定距离所需的时间。给定一个

根据该骑手的力量曲线，特定骑手的能力，该骑手应如何应用

穿越给定的计时赛课程时的力量？此外，许多类型的骑手可能

参加个人计时赛，例如计时赛专家、登山者、短跑运动员、

轮盘手或拳击手，每种类型的骑手都有不同的力量曲线

要求

开发一个模型，该模型可应用于确定两者之间关系的任何类型的骑手

骑手在赛道上的位置和骑手施加的力量。请记住，骑手有

可以在课程中消耗的总能量的限制，以及累积的限制

从过去的侵略性和超过功率曲线限制。

您的模型开发和报告应包括以下内容：

• 定义两种类型的骑手的力量曲线。您的一位骑手应该是计时赛

专家，另一个是不同类型的骑手。您还应该考虑

不同性别的骑手。

• 将您的模型应用于各种计时赛课程，至少包括列出的课程

下面为您在上面定义的每个电源配置文件：

o 2021 年日本东京奥运会计时赛，

o 2021 UCI 世界锦标赛计时赛在比利时法兰德斯举行，

o 至少一门您自己设计的路线，包括至少四个急转弯和

至少一个重要的道路等级。课程结束应该接近开始

观点。

确定天气条件的潜在影响，包括风向和风

优势，以确定您的结果对天气的微小差异有多敏感

和环境。

确定结果对骑手偏离目标功率的敏感程度

分配。骑手不太可能遵循非常详细的计划而错过

权力目标。骑手和 Directeur Sportif 将对可能的情况有所了解

给定课程关键部分的预期分段时间范围。

• 讨论如何扩展您的模型以包括团队计时赛的最佳功率使用

每队六名骑手，当第四名骑手越过时确定球队的时间

终点线。

作为解决方案的一部分，为车队的 Directeur Sportif 编写两页的车手比赛指南。

骑手的比赛指导应侧重于一名骑手和一次计时赛的结果。它

应包含对骑手方向的概述。它还应包括广泛的

您的模型的摘要，但适用于没有的指导员和骑手

数学背景。

您的总页数不超过 25 页的 PDF 解决方案应包括：

• 一页摘要表。

• 目录。

• 您的完整解决方案。

• Directeur Sportif 的两页车手比赛指南。

• 参考文献列表。

注意：MCM 竞赛有 25 页的限制。您提交的所有方面都计入

25 页限制（摘要表、目录、参考列表和任何附录）。你

必须引用您的想法、图像和报告中使用的任何其他材料的来源。

Problem B:

For centuries, people have constructed dams across rivers and streams to hold back water to

create reservoirs as a means of managing water supplies. These reservoirs store water for a

variety of uses (e.g., agriculture, industry, residential), provide an area for leisure and recreation

(e.g., fishing, boating), assist in preventing downstream flooding, and feed water to turbines that

generate electricity. Hydroelectric power (hydropower) is electricity produced by these

turbines as they convert the potential energy of falling or fast-flowing water into mechanical

energy.

With climate change, the volume of water from sources feeding dams and reservoirs is

decreasing in many areas. Consequently, dams may not be able to meet the demands for water in

these areas. Additionally, low water flow decreases the amount of electricity generated from

hydroelectric plants resulting in disruptions of the power supply in these areas. If the water level

in the reservoir behind the dam is low enough, hydroelectric power generation stops.

Natural resource officials in the U.S. states of Arizona (AZ), California (CA), Wyoming (WY),

New Mexico (NM), and Colorado (CO) are currently negotiating to determine the best way to

manage water usage and electricity production at the Glen Canyon and Hoover dams to address

these competing interests. Hundreds of years of previous agreements continue to impact current

water management regulations, policies, and practices today. The agreements allocate more

water from the Colorado River system than is present in the system. It is likely that the system

continues to work because some users do not take their full allocations. If drought conditions

continue in the Colorado River basin, the water volume at some point will be insufficient to meet

the basic water and generated electricity needs of stakeholders. Consequently, a rational,

defensible water allocation plan for current and future water supply conditions is critically

important.

Additional Guidance

State natural resources negotiators have asked your team to develop a water allocation plan in

their five states (AZ, CA, WY, NM, and CO). These officials assume that recent rainfall

shortages and hotter temperatures will persist, causing problems with both supply (water

availability) and demand (electricity requirements). They provided the following guidance:

The operations of the Glen Canyon dam (Lake Powell) and the Hoover dam (Lake Mead)

should be closely coordinated because water outflows from the Glen Canyon dam supply

part of the water input to the Hoover dam.

• The challenge presented by this series configuration of two dams is to determine a

suitable allocation of water and electricity to agriculture, industry, and residences in the

five states.

• Your solution should address what water flows should be taken from the Glen Canyon

and Hoover dams when the demands of the communities of interest are at stated levels

and the water in the two reservoirs is at stated height (respecting the relationship between

water height in the reservoirs and the volume of water in the reservoirs). Recommend

how often the model should be re-run to take into account changes in the supply and

demand profiles.

• Mexico has claims on the residual water left after the five states have consumed their

shares. Your plan should address Mexico’s rights.

• After water allocations from your plan are implemented, discuss how much water (if any)

should be allowed to flow into the Gulf of California from the Colorado River?

Requirements

In developing your water allocation plan according to the negotiators’ guidance, you should:

• Develop and analyze a mathematical model that will assist negotiators to respond to a

fixed set of water supply and demand conditions. Use the model to inform dam

operations: When the water level in Lake Mead is M and the water level in Lake Powell

is P, how much water should be drawn from each lake to meet stated demands? If no

additional water is supplied (from rainfall, etc.), and considering the demands as fixed,

how long will it take before the demands are not met? How much additional water must

be supplied over time to ensure that these fixed demands are met?

• Use your model to recommend the best means to resolve the competing interests of water

availability for general (agricultural, industrial, residential) usage and electricity

production. Explicitly state the criteria you are using to resolve competing interests.

• Use your model to address what should be done if there is not enough water to meet all

water and electricity demands.

• What does your model indicate under the following conditions?

o The demands for water and electricity in the communities of interest change over

time. What happens when there is population, agricultural, and industrial growth

or shrinkage in the affected areas?

o The proportion of renewable energy technologies increases over the initial value

used in your analysis.

o Additional water and electricity conservation measures are implemented.

Your solution should not utilize or rely on any existing historical agreements or current political

powers of organizations or persons in these states but represent your team’s best mathematical

solution for the allocation of water in this region.

As part of your solution submission, prepare a one- to two-page article of your findings suitable

for publication in Drought and Thirst magazine, a monthly publication for water infrastructure

managers in the American Southwest.

Your PDF solution of no more than 25 total pages should include:

• One-page Summary Sheet.

• Table of Contents.

• Your complete solution.

• One- to two-page Article for Drought and Thirst magazine.

• Reference List.

Note: The MCM has a 25-page limit. All aspects of your submission count toward the 25-page

limit (Summary Sheet, Table of Contents, Reference List, and any Appendices). You must cite

the sources for your ideas, images, and any other materials used in your report.

Glossary

Hydroelectric power (hydropower): electricity produced by turbines that convert the potential

energy of falling or fast-flowing water into mechanical energy.

几个世纪以来，人们在河流和溪流中建造水坝来阻挡水源。

建造水库作为管理供水的一种手段。这些水库储存水

多种用途（例如农业、工业、住宅），提供休闲娱乐场所

（例如钓鱼、划船），协助防止下游洪水，并为涡轮机供水

发电。水力发电（hydropower）是由这些产生的电力

涡轮机，因为它们将下落或快速流动的水的势能转化为机械

活力。

随着气候变化，来自水坝和水库的水量是

很多地方都在减少。因此，大坝可能无法满足对水的需求

这些领域。此外，低水流会减少从

水力发电厂导致这些地区的电力供应中断。如果水位

在大坝后面的水库水位不够低，水力发电停止。

美国亚利桑那州 (AZ)、加利福尼亚州 (CA)、怀俄明州 (WY) 的自然资源官员，

新墨西哥州 (NM) 和科罗拉多州 (CO) 目前正在协商确定最佳方式

管理格伦峡谷和胡佛水坝的用水和电力生产，以解决

这些相互竞争的利益。数百年的先前协议继续影响当前

当今的水资源管理法规、政策和实践。协议分配更多

来自科罗拉多河系统的水比系统中存在的水。系统很可能

继续工作，因为一些用户没有完全分配。如果干旱条件

继续在科罗拉多河流域，某个点的水量将不足以满足

利益相关者的基本水和发电需求。因此，一个理性的，

针对当前和未来供水条件制定合理的水资源分配计划至关重要

重要的。

附加指导

州自然资源谈判代表已要求您的团队制定一项水资源分配计划

他们的五个州（AZ、CA、WY、NM 和 CO）。这些官员假设最近的降雨

短缺和更高的温度将持续存在，导致供应问题（水

可用性）和需求（电力需求）。他们提供了以下指导：

格伦峡谷大坝（鲍威尔湖）和胡佛大坝（米德湖）的运营

应该密切协调，因为从格伦峡谷大坝供水流出的水

进入胡佛水坝的部分水。

• 这两个大坝的串联配置提出的挑战是确定一个

合理分配农业、工业和居民用水和电力

五个州。

• 您的解决方案应解决应从格伦峡谷取水的问题

当利益社区的需求达到规定水平时，胡佛水坝和胡佛水坝

并且两个水库中的水在规定的高度（尊重之间的关系

水库中的水位高度和水库中的水量）。推荐

应该多久重新运行一次模型以考虑供应的变化和

需求概况。

• 墨西哥对五个州消耗完它们的剩余水后提出索赔

分享。你的计划应该涉及墨西哥的权利。

• 计划中的水分配实施后，讨论多少水（如果有）

应该允许从科罗拉多河流入加利福尼亚湾吗？

要求

在根据谈判者的指导制定水资源分配计划时，您应该：

• 开发和分析一个数学模型，帮助谈判者应对

固定设定的供水和需求条件。用模型告知大坝

操作：当米德湖水位为M，鲍威尔湖水位

是 P，应该从每个湖中抽取多少水才能满足规定的需求？如果不

提供额外的水（来自降雨等），并考虑固定的需求，

需要多长时间才能满足要求？必须加多少水

随着时间的推移提供，以确保这些固定的需求得到满足？

• 使用您的模型推荐解决水资源竞争利益的最佳方法

一般（农业、工业、住宅）使用和电力的可用性

生产。明确说明您用于解决竞争利益的标准。

• 使用您的模型来说明如果没有足够的水来满足所有需求，应该怎么做

水电需求。

• 您的模型在以下条件下表示什么？

o 利益社区对水电的需求发生变化

时间。当人口、农业和工业增长时会发生什么

或受影响地区的收缩？

o 可再生能源技术比例高于初始值

用在你的肛门里裂解。

o 实施额外的节水和节电措施。

您的解决方案不应利用或依赖任何现有的历史协议或当前的政治

这些州的组织或个人的权力，但代表了你的团队最好的数学

解决该地区水资源分配问题。

作为提交解决方案的一部分，准备一篇一到两页的文章，将您的发现写成合适的

在干旱和口渴杂志上发表，该杂志是水利基础设施的月刊

美国西南地区的经理。

您的总页数不超过 25 页的 PDF 解决方案应包括：

• 一页摘要表。

• 目录。

• 您的完整解决方案。

• Drought and Thirst 杂志的一到两页文章。

• 参考文献列表。

注意：MCM 有 25 页的限制。您提交的所有方面都计入 25 页

限制（摘要表、目录、参考列表和任何附录）。你必须引用

您的想法、图像和报告中使用的任何其他材料的来源。

词汇表

水力发电（hydropower）：由涡轮机产生的电力，将潜力转化为

下落或快速流动的水的能量转化为机械能.

Problem C:

Background

Market traders buy and sell volatile assets frequently, with a goal to maximize their total return.

There is usually a commission for each purchase and sale. Two such assets are gold and bitcoin.

Figure 1: Gold daily prices, U.S. dollars per troy ounce. Source: London Bullion Market

Association, 9/11/2021

Figure 2: Bitcoin daily prices, U.S. dollars per bitcoin. Source: NASDAQ, 9/11/2021

Requirement

You have been asked by a trader to develop a model that uses only the past stream of daily prices

to date to determine each day if the trader should buy, hold, or sell their assets in their portfolio.

You will start with $1000 on 9/11/2016. You will use the five-year trading period, from

9/11/2016 to 9/10/2021. On each trading day, the trader will have a portfolio consisting of cash,

gold, and bitcoin [C, G, B] in U.S. dollars, troy ounces, and bitcoins, respectively. The initial

state is [1000, 0, 0]. The commission for each transaction (purchase or sale) costs α% of the

amount traded. Assume αgold = 1% and αbitcoin = 2%. There is no cost to hold an asset.

Note that bitcoin can be traded every day, but gold is only traded on days the market is open, as

reflected in the pricing data files LBMA-GOLD.csv and BCHAIN-MKPRU.csv. Your model

should account for this trading schedule.

To develop your model, you may only use the data in the two spreadsheets provided:

LBMA-GOLD.csv and BCHAIN-MKPRU.csv. • Develop a model that gives the best daily trading strategy based only on price data up

to that day. How much is the initial $1000 investment worth on 9/10/2021 using your

model and strategy? • Present evidence that your model provides the best strategy.

• Determine how sensitive the strategy is to transaction costs. How do transaction costs

affect the strategy and results?

• Communicate your strategy, model, and results to the trader in a memorandum of at most

two pages.

Your PDF solution of no more than 25 total pages should include:

• One-page Summary Sheet.

• Table of Contents.

• Your complete solution.

• One- to two-page Memorandum.

• Reference List.

Note: The MCM has a 25-page limit. All aspects of your submission count toward the 25-page

limit (Summary Sheet, Table of Contents, Reference List, and any Appendices). You must cite

the sources for your ideas, images, and any other materials used in your report.

Attachments

THE TWO DATA FILES PROVIDED CONTAIN THE ONLY DATA YOU SHOULD USE

FOR THIS PROBLEM.

1. LBMA-GOLD.csv

2. BCHAIN-MKPRU.csv

Data Descriptions

1. LBMA-GOLD.csv

- Date: The date in mm-dd-yyyy (month-day-year) format.

- USD (PM): The closing price of a troy ounce of gold in U.S. dollars on the indicated

date.

2. BCHAIN-MKPRU.csv

- Date: The date in mm-dd-yyyy (month-day-year) format.

- Value: The price in U.S. dollars of a single bitcoin on the indicated date

背景

市场交易者频繁买卖波动性资产，目标是最大化其总回报。

每次买卖通常都会有佣金。两种这样的资产是黄金和比特币。

图 1：黄金每日价格，每金衡盎司美元。资料来源：伦敦金银市场

协会，2021 年 9 月 11 日

图 2：比特币每日价格，每比特币美元。资料来源：纳斯达克，2021 年 9 月 11 日

要求

一位交易员要求您开发一个模型，该模型仅使用过去的每日价格流

迄今为止，每天确定交易者是否应该购买、持有或出售其投资组合中的资产。

2016 年 9 月 11 日，您将从 1000 美元开始。您将使用五年交易期，从

2016 年 9 月 11 日至 2021 年 9 月 10 日。在每个交易日，交易者将拥有一个由现金组成的投资组合，

黄金和比特币 [C, G, B] 分别以美元、金衡盎司和比特币表示。最初的

状态为 [1000, 0, 0]。每笔交易（购买或销售）的佣金成本为

交易金额。假设 αgold = 1% 和 αbitcoin = 2%。持有资产没有成本。

请注意，比特币可以每天交易，但黄金仅在市场开放日交易，因为

反映在定价数据文件 LBMA-GOLD.csv 和 BCHAIN-MKPRU.csv 中。你的模型

应该考虑这个交易时间表。

要开发模型，您只能使用提供的两个电子表格中的数据：

LBMA-GOLD.csv 和 BCHAIN-MKPRU.csv。 • 开发一个模型，仅根据价格数据提供最佳每日交易策略

到那一天。在 2021 年 9 月 10 日使用您的初始 1000 美元投资价值多少

模式和策略？ • 提供证据证明您的模型提供了最佳策略。

• 确定策略对交易成本的敏感程度。交易成本如何

影响策略和结果？

• 最多以一份备忘录将您的策略、模型和结果传达给交易者

两页。

您的总页数不超过 25 页的 PDF 解决方案应包括：

• 一页摘要表。

• 目录。

• 您的完整解决方案。

• 一到两页的备忘录。

• 参考文献列表。

注意：MCM 有 25 页的限制。您提交的所有方面都计入 25 页

限制（摘要表、目录、参考列表和任何附录）。你必须引用

您的想法、图像和报告中使用的任何其他材料的来源。

附件

提供的两个数据文件包含您应该使用的唯一数据

对于这个问题。

1. LBMA-GOLD.csv

2. BCHAIN-MKPRU.csv

数据说明

1. LBMA-GOLD.csv

- 日期：mm-dd-yyyy（月-日-年）格式的日期。

- USD (PM)：一金衡盎司黄金的美元收盘价

日期。

2. BCHAIN-MKPRU.csv

- 日期：mm-dd-yyyy（月-日-年）格式的日期。

- 价值：指定日期单个比特币的美元价格

Problem D:

Background

Many companies view data as a strategic asset but acknowledge great difficulty deriving value

from this asset. Proper management of this precious resource can lead to a competitive

advantage. Thus, companies need to establish an integrated data and analytics (D&A) system,

where they can guarantee that they have the right people, technologies, and processes in place to

manage, manipulate, use, and protect this resource.

Your consulting team develops models that evaluate D&A systems to help company executives

make the right decisions pertaining to three key components: people, technologies, and

processes. When it comes to D&A, your models provide companies with the ability to measure

the D&A system maturity through examination of these three key components. To maximize the

potential of their data assets, companies want highly skilled people, relevant technologies,

mature processes, and a strong connection between all three components. Your models help

companies assess their current state and provide insight into the system changes needed to

maximize the potential of their D&A system. Companies use your model(s) to optimize their

analytic capabilities, obtain a competitive advantage, and give customers confidence in the

company’s ability to manage data.

Intercontinental Cargo Moving (ICM) Corporation operates a large seaport and has hired your

team. ICM Corporation wants you to measure the maturity of their current D&A system and

provide a solid plan to optimize their D&A capabilities. Using your model, ICM Corporation

hopes to instill customer trust and confidence in their data practices.

Requirements

Due to company regulations, ICM Corporation is unable to share specifics about their people,

technologies, processes, or data with your team. However, a general description of ICM

Corporation’s operations and the types of data that they deal with on a regular basis is included

below on page 3. Develop a model to evaluate the D&A system of ICM Corporation. Your

model development and report should include the following:

● A metric to measure the current D&A system maturity level for ICM Corporation.

Include key performance indicators that measure the success of their D&A people,

technologies, and processes.

● After ICM Corporation uses your model to determine their current D&A maturity level,

demonstrate how they could use your model to recommend changes to the system

allowing the company to maximize the potential of their data assets.

Suggest protocols that ICM should put in place to measure the effectiveness of their

D&A system.

● Demonstrate how your model might be applied to a larger or smaller seaport. Analyze

how your system maturity metric could be adapted to other industries. Specifically, could

a trucking company use your maturity metric? If customers of ICM Corporation, like a

trucking company, also used your metric, how could this benefit ICM Corporation?

Ultimately, the ICM Corporation cares about customer satisfaction and confidence. Write a onepage letter to ICM Corporation’s customers (the port users) outlining your proposed methods of

measurement and instilling confidence in ICM Corporation’s D&A system.

Your PDF solution of no more than 25 total pages should include:

• One-page Summary Sheet.

• Table of Contents.

• Your complete solution.

• One-page letter to ICM Corporation’s customers (port users).

• Reference List.

Note: The ICM Contest has a 25-page limit. All aspects of your submission count toward the 25-

page limit (Summary Sheet, Table of Contents, Reference List, and any Appendices). You must

cite the sources for your ideas, images, and any other materials used in your report.

Glossary

Data and analytics (D&A) system: a complex interconnected system of people, technologies,

and processes used to manage data and analytics.

Key performance indicators: a measurement of business performance to understand progress

towards an intended goal.

A Brief Overview of ICM Corporation’s Operations and Data

ICM Corporation’s customers include those companies whose employees use the port. When a cargo ship

pulls into the port, ICM Corporation offloads containers from the ship, moves the containers through

customs, places the containers in the appropriate storage location, and then transfers the containers to

trucks and freight trains for inland transport. Containers also arrive at the port on trucks and freight trains

where ICM Corporation must off-load, store, and load those containers onto the ships for shipment by

sea. This movement of cargo generates a significant amount of data including ship arrival/departure times,

cargo manifests, shipping container inventories, customs inspection reports, container location within the

port, and inland transport arrival/departure manifests and schedules. An effective D&A system ensures

this process is efficient so that the time a ship, truck, or train spends at the port is minimized. ICM

Corporation hopes you

许多公司将数据视为战略资产，但承认获取价值的难度很大

从这个资产。妥善管理这种宝贵的资源可以带来有竞争力的

优势。因此，公司需要建立一个集成的数据和分析（D&A）系统，

他们可以保证他们拥有合适的人员、技术和流程

管理、操纵、使用和保护该资源。

您的咨询团队开发了评估 D&A 系统的模型，以帮助公司高管

做出与三个关键组成部分有关的正确决策：人员、技术和

过程。在 D&A 方面，您的模型为公司提供了衡量的能力

通过对这三个关键组件的检查来确定 D&A 系统的成熟度。为了最大化

数据资产的潜力，公司需要高技能人才，相关技术，

成熟的流程，以及所有三个组成部分之间的紧密联系。你的模型有帮助

公司评估其当前状态并深入了解所需的系统更改

最大限度地发挥其 D&A 系统的潜力。公司使用您的模型来优化他们的

分析能力，获得竞争优势，并让客户对

公司管理数据的能力。

洲际货运 (ICM) 公司经营着一个大型海港，并聘请了您的

团队。 ICM Corporation 希望您衡量他们当前 D&A 系统的成熟度，并

提供一个可靠的计划来优化他们的 D&A 能力。使用您的模型，ICM Corporation

希望在他们的数据实践中灌输客户的信任和信心。

要求

由于公司规定，ICM Corporation 无法分享有关其人员的详细信息，

与您的团队合作的技术、流程或数据。但是，ICM 的一般描述

包括公司的运营及其定期处理的数据类型

下面第 3 页。开发一个模型来评估 ICM 公司的 D&A 系统。您的

模型开发和报告应包括以下内容：

● 衡量ICM 公司当前D&A 系统成熟度水平的指标。

包括衡量其 D&A 人员成功与否的关键绩效指标，

技术和流程。

● 在 ICM Corporation 使用您的模型确定其当前的 D&A 成熟度级别后，

演示他们如何使用您的模型来推荐对系统的更改

使公司能够最大限度地发挥其数据资产的潜力。

建议 ICM 应制定的协议以衡量其有效性

D&A系统。

● 展示您的模型如何应用于更大或更小的海港。分析

您的系统成熟度指标如何适应其他行业。具体来说，可以

货运公司使用您的成熟度指标？如果 ICM Corporation 的客户，如

货运公司，也使用了您的指标，这对 ICM 公司有何好处？

归根结底，ICM Corporation 关心客户的满意度和信心。给 ICM Corporation 的客户（港口用户）写一封单页信，概述您提出的

测量和灌输对 ICM Corporation 的 D&A 系统的信心。

您的总页数不超过 25 页的 PDF 解决方案应包括：

• 一页摘要表。

• 目录。

• 您的完整解决方案。

• 给 ICM Corporation 客户（港口用户）的一页信函。

• 参考文献列表。

注意：ICM 竞赛有 25 页的限制。您提交的所有方面都计入 25-

页数限制（摘要表、目录、参考列表和任何附录）。你必须

引用您的想法、图像和报告中使用的任何其他材料的来源。

词汇表

数据和分析 (D&A) 系统：由人员、技术、

以及用于管理数据和分析的流程。

关键绩效指标：衡量业务绩效以了解进度

朝着既定的目标前进。

Problem E:

Background

Climate change presents a massive threat to life as we know it. To mitigate the effects of climate

change, we need to take drastic action to reduce the amount of greenhouse gases in the

atmosphere. Simply reducing greenhouse gas emissions is not enough. We need to make efforts

to enhance our stocks of carbon dioxide sequestered out of the atmosphere by the biosphere or

by mechanical means. This process is called carbon sequestration. The biosphere sequesters

carbon dioxide in plants (especially large plants like trees), soils, and water environments. Thus,

forests are integral to any climate change mitigation effort.

Forests sequester carbon dioxide in living plants and in the products created from their trees

including furniture, lumber, plywood, paper, and other wood products. These forest products

sequester carbon dioxide for their lifespan. Some products have a short lifespan, while others

have a lifespan that may exceed that of the trees from which they are produced. The carbon

sequestered in some forest products combined with the carbon sequestered because of the

regrowth of younger forests has the potential to allow for more carbon sequestration over time

when compared to the carbon sequestration benefits of not cutting forests at all.

At the global level, forest management strategies that include appropriate harvesting can be

beneficial for carbon sequestration. However, overharvesting can limit carbon sequestration.

Forest managers must find a balance between the value of forest products derived from

harvesting and the value of allowing the forest to continue growing and sequestering carbon as

living trees. In doing so, they must consider many factors such as age and types of trees,

geography, topography, and benefits and lifespan of forest products.

The concerns of forest managers are not limited to carbon sequestration and forest products.

They must make forest management decisions based on the many ways their forest is valued.

These may include, but are not limited to, potential carbon sequestration, conservation and

biodiversity aspects, recreational uses, and cultural considerations.

Requirements

The International Carbon Management (ICM) Collaboration has been formed to develop

guidance for forest managers around the world trying to figure out how to utilize and manage

their forests. One-size-fits-all guidance is simply not possible as the make-up of forests, climates,

populations, interests, and values vary widely around the world.

Develop a carbon sequestration model to determine how much carbon dioxide a forest

and its products can be expected to sequester over time. Your model should determine

what forest management plan is most effective at sequestering carbon dioxide. • The forest management plan that is best for carbon sequestration is not necessarily the

one that is best for society given the other ways that forests are valued. Develop a

decision model to inform forest managers of the best use of a forest. Your model should

determine a forest management plan that balances the various ways that forests are

valued (including carbon sequestration).

To better understand your model, consider some of the following questions, as well as

questions of your own:

* What is the spectrum of management plans that your decision model may suggest?

* Are there any conditions which would result in a forest that should be left uncut?

* Are there transition points between management plans that apply to all forests?

* How are characteristics about a specific forest and its location used to determine

transition points between management plans? • Apply your models to various forests. Identify a forest that your decision model would

suggest the inclusion of harvesting in its management plan.

• How much carbon dioxide will this forest and its products sequester over 100

years?

• What forest management plan should be used for this forest? Why is this the best

approach?

• Suppose the best management plan includes a time between harvests that is 10

years longer than current practices in the forest. Discuss a strategy for

transitioning from the existing timeline to the new timeline in a way that is

sensitive to the needs of forest managers and all who use the forest.

• Some people believe we should never cut down any trees and yet you identified a forest

that should include harvesting in its management plan. Write a one- to two-page nontechnical newspaper article explaining why your analysis identified including harvesting

in the management of this forest rather than it being left untouched. Ultimately, your

article should convince the local community that this is the best decision for their forest.

Your PDF solution of no more than 25 total pages should include:

• One-page Summary Sheet.

• Table of Contents.

• Your complete solution.

• One- to two-page newspaper article.

• Reference List.

Note: The ICM Contest has a 25-page limit. All aspects of your submission

背景

正如我们所知，气候变化对生命构成巨大威胁。减轻气候的影响

改变，我们需要采取激烈的行动来减少温室气体的排放量

大气层。仅仅减少温室气体排放是不够的。我们需要努力

增加我们被生物圈隔离在大气中的二氧化碳储存量，或

通过机械手段。这个过程称为碳封存。生物圈隔离器

植物（尤其是树木等大型植物）、土壤和水环境中的二氧化碳。因此，

森林对于任何减缓气候变化的努力都是不可或缺的。

森林将二氧化碳封存在活植物和树木制成的产品中

包括家具、木材、胶合板、纸张和其他木制品。这些林产品

在其使用寿命期间隔离二氧化碳。有的产品寿命短，有的

其寿命可能超过生产它们的树木的寿命。碳

封存在一些森林产品中的碳与封存的碳相结合，因为

随着时间的推移，年轻森林的再生有可能允许更多的碳封存

与完全不砍伐森林的碳封存效益相比。

在全球层面，包括适当采伐在内的森林管理战略可以

有利于固碳。然而，过度捕捞会限制碳封存。

森林经营者必须在来自森林产品的价值之间找到平衡

采伐以及让森林继续生长和固碳的价值

活树。在这样做时，他们必须考虑许多因素，例如树木的年龄和类型，

林产品的地理、地形、效益和寿命。

森林管理者的关注不仅限于碳固存和森林产品。

他们必须根据森林价值的多种方式做出森林管理决策。

这些可能包括但不限于潜在的碳封存、保护和

生物多样性方面、娱乐用途和文化考虑。

要求

国际碳管理 (ICM) 合作组织已成立，旨在发展

为世界各地试图弄清楚如何利用和管理森林管理者的指南

他们的森林。由于森林、气候、

世界各地的人口、利益和价值观差异很大。

Problem F:

Background

Most of the world’s nations signed onto the United Nations’ Outer Space Treaty of 1967,

agreeing that “exploration and use of outer space, including the moon and other celestial bodies,

shall be carried out for the benefit and in the interests of all countries, irrespective of their degree

of economic or scientific development, and shall be the province of all mankind”[1]. The United

Nations (UN) aims to promote global peace and reduce inequities. As the foundation of

international space law, the Outer Space Treaty has provided the legal underpinnings for projects

that have promoted multinational access to space, such as the International Space Station and the

use of satellites to browse the Internet in even the most remote locations. But will this

international promise of equity hold as humankind looks to harvesting space-based resources? Consider the possibility of asteroid mining. There are many open questions about asteroid

mining, such as whether it is technically feasible, whether the high initial cost is worth the

benefit of what we might find and bring back to Earth, and whether it should be private

companies, national governments, or international collaborations that fund these operations, do

the mining, and/or receive the financial gains. These questions have yet to be answered, but for

the purposes of this problem, let’s assume that asteroid mining is feasible at some point in the

future and could allow humans to bring valuable minerals back to Earth relatively safely and at a

cost that is financially worth the investment.

This problem asks your team to address the following overarching questions: What is global

equity, and how will asteroid mining impact it? What are the factors that influence that impact,

and how? And what policies could the United Nations propose to increase global equity in a

future with asteroid mining?

Requirements

Specifically, to address the above questions, your team should consider the following guiding

questions: ● What is global equity, and how might we measure it? In other words, develop a definition

of global equity. Use your definition to develop a model (e.g., tool, metric) that allows

you to measure global equity. Validate your model; this might involve historical and/or

regional analyses

What might asteroid mining look like in the future, and how might asteroid mining impact

global equity? One of the challenges in answering this question is that we don’t know

what the asteroid mining sector will look like in the future; in other words, there are

unknown conditions including, but not limited to, who is doing the mining, how it is

funded, or who will get the benefits in terms of the minerals themselves or the profits

from the sales of those minerals. Present, describe, and justify one likely vision for the

future of asteroid mining, and determine the impact of mining on global equity with an

analysis that includes the use of your team’s global equity model. ● How do changes in the conditions that you selected in defining a vision for the future of

asteroid mining impact global equity? To do this, you may need to develop and

implement an analytical approach to explore how changes in the asteroid mining sector

could impact global equity differently.

● What policies could be implemented to encourage the asteroid mining sector to advance

in a way that promotes more global equity? Suppose the UN is considering updating its

Outer Space Treaty to specifically address asteroid mining and ensure its benefit to all

humankind. Use the results of your analyses to make justified policy recommendations so

that the asteroid mining might truly benefit all humankind.

Your PDF solution of no more than 25 total pages should include:

• One-page Summary Sheet.

• Table of Contents.

• Your complete solution.

• Reference List.

Note: The ICM Contest has a 25-page limit. All aspects of your submission count toward the 25-

page limit (Summary Sheet, Table of Contents, Reference List, and any Appendices). You must

cite the sources for your ideas, images, and any other materials used in your report.

References

[1] The Treaty on Principles Governing the Activities of States in the Exploration and Use of

Outer Space, including the Moon and other Celestial Bodies, of 27 January 1967, United Nations

RES 2222 (XXI).

Glossary

Asteroid mining: the process of extracting minerals from asteroids for human use.

Equity: the quality of being fair. Unlike equality which promotes providing identical inputs

(e.g., resources and opportunities), equity focuses on allocating those resources and opportunities

in a way that supports a goal of similar outcomes.

背景

世界上大多数国家都签署了 1967 年的联合国《外层空间条约》，

同意“探索和利用外层空间，包括月球和其他天体，

应为所有国家的利益和利益而进行，不论其程度如何

经济或科学发展，是全人类的领地”[1]。联合国

联合国（UN）旨在促进全球和平和减少不平等。作为基础

国际空间法，《外层空间条约》为项目提供了法律基础

促进了多国进入太空，例如国际空间站和

即使在最偏远的地方也可以使用卫星浏览互联网。但是这会

当人类希望收获天基资源时，国际上是否承诺持股？考虑小行星采矿的可能性。关于小行星有很多悬而未决的问题

挖矿，比如技术上是否可行，高昂的初始成本是否值得

我们可能会发现并带回地球的好处，以及它是否应该是私人的

为这些业务提供资金的公司、国家政府或国际合作组织，

采矿，和/或获得经济收益。这些问题还有待解答，但对于

这个问题的目的，让我们假设小行星采矿在某个时间点是可行的

并且可以让人类以相对安全的方式将有价值的矿物带回地球

在财务上值得投资的成本。

这个问题要求您的团队解决以下首要问题：什么是全球性的

公平，小行星采矿将如何影响它？影响这种影响的因素是什么，

如何？联合国可以提出哪些政策来增加全球公平

小行星采矿的未来？

要求

具体来说，为解决上述问题，您的团队应考虑以下指导

问题： ● 什么是全球公平，我们如何衡量它？换句话说，制定一个定义

全球公平。使用您的定义开发一个模型（例如，工具、度量），允许

你来衡量全球公平。验证您的模型；这可能涉及历史和/或

区域分析

未来小行星采矿会是什么样子，小行星采矿会如何影响

全球公平？回答这个问题的挑战之一是我们不知道

未来的小行星采矿业会是什么样子；换句话说，有

未知条件，包括但不限于谁在进行挖矿，如何进行

资助，或谁将获得矿产本身或利润方面的利益

来自这些矿物的销售。提出、描述和证明一个可能的愿景

小行星采矿的未来，并确定采矿对全球公平的影响

包括使用您团队的全球股权模型的分析。 ● 您在定义未来愿景时选择的条件如何变化？

小行星采矿影响全球公平？为此，您可能需要开发和

实施分析方法来探索小行星采矿部门的变化

可能对全球股市产生不同的影响。

● 可以实施哪些政策来鼓励小行星采矿业的发展

以促进更多全球公平的方式？假设联合国正在考虑更新其

外层空间条约专门解决小行星采矿问题并确保其造福于所有人

人类。使用您的分析结果提出合理的政策建议，以便

小行星采矿可能真正造福全人类。

您的总页数不超过 25 页的 PDF 解决方案应包括：

• 一页摘要表。

• 目录。

• 您的完整解决方案。

• 参考文献列表。

注意：ICM 竞赛有 25 页的限制。您提交的所有方面都计入 25-

页数限制（摘要表、目录、参考列表和任何附录）。你必须

引用您的想法、图像和报告中使用的任何其他材料的来源。

参考

[1] 《关于各国勘探和利用海洋活动的原则条约》

外层空间，包括月球和其他天体，1967 年 1 月 27 日，联合国

RES 2222 (XXI)。

词汇表

小行星采矿：从小行星中提取矿物供人类使用的过程。

公平：公平的品质。与促进提供相同输入的平等不同

（例如，资源和机会），公平侧重于分配这些资源和机会

以支持类似结果的目标的方式。