230712 // 新知:网络流

今天是弟弟的 10 岁生日,祝他以后不要成为一个臭学信息的。

Cindy,玩原玩的。我忘了叫什么什么酩,不玩原导致的。


概念认知

所谓咕咕咕……


A. 草地排水

http://222.180.160.110:1024/contest/3696/problem/1



B. 完美的牛栏 The Perfect Stall

http://222.180.160.110:1024/contest/3696/problem/2



C. 奶牛食品

http://222.180.160.110:1024/contest/3696/problem/3



A. 小行星

http://222.180.160.110:1024/contest/3821/problem/1

一次可以选择清一行或一列。

我们对于每个小行星 \((x, y)\),将第 \(x\) 行和第 \(y\) 列连边,则每行发出的边可只要选择该行即可清楚,每列同理。

故原问题转化为二分图的最小点覆盖,即最大匹配。

#define int long long
namespace XSC062 {
using namespace fastIO;
const int inf = 1e18;
const int maxn = 2e3 + 5;
const int maxm = 3e4 + 5;
int tag, gs, gt;
int n, m, x, y, w, tot = 1;
int vis[maxn], now[maxn], dep[maxn];
int h[maxn], to[maxm], ne[maxm], tw[maxm];
inline int min(int x, int y) {
	return x < y ? x : y;
}
bool BFS(void) {
	std::fill(dep + 1, dep + n + 1, 0); 
	std::queue<int> q;
	dep[gs] = 1, vis[gs] = tag;
	q.push(gs), now[gs] = h[gs];
	while (!q.empty()) {
		int f = q.front();
		q.pop();
		for (int i = h[f]; i; i = ne[i]) {
			int v = to[i], w = tw[i];
			if (vis[v] == tag || w == 0)
				continue;
			vis[v] = tag, now[v] = h[v];
			dep[v] = dep[f] + 1, q.push(v);
			if (v == gt)
				return 1;
		}
	}
	return 0;
}
int findP(int x, int flow = inf) {
	if (x == gt)
		return flow;
	int rest = flow, i;
	for (i = now[x]; rest && i; i = ne[i]) {
		int v = to[i], w = tw[i];
		if (dep[v] != dep[x] + 1 || w == 0)
			continue;
		int t = findP(v, min(rest, w));
		if (t == 0)
			dep[v] = 0;
		rest -= t;
		tw[i] -= t, tw[i ^ 1] += t;
	}
	now[x] = i;
	return flow - rest;
}
inline int Dinic(void) {
	int res = 0;
	for (tag = 1; BFS(); ++tag) {
		int t = findP(gs);
		while (t) {
			res += t;
			t = findP(gs);
		}
	}
	return res;
}
inline void add(int x, int y, int w) {
	to[++tot] = y, tw[tot] = w;
	ne[tot] = h[x], h[x] = tot;
	return;
}
int main() {
	read(n), read(m);
	gs = 2 * n + 1, gt = gs + 1;
	for (int i = 1; i <= n; ++i)
		add(gs, i, 1), add(i, gs, 0);
	for (int i = n + 1; i <= 2 * n; ++i)
		add(i, gt, 1), add(gt, i, 0);
	while (m--) {
		read(x), read(y);
		add(x, y + n, 1), add(y + n, x, 0);
	}
	print(Dinic(), '\n');
	return 0;
}
} // namespace XSC062
#undef int

B. 秘密挤奶机

http://222.180.160.110:1024/contest/3821/problem/2

题目那么长,其实就是说要求找到从 1 到 N 的 \(T\) 条路径,每条边不能同时被两条路径包含。

显然题目具有单调性。我们二分最大边权,只添加边权小于等于 mid 的边并令双向剩余量为 1(这样每条边就只会被选一次),跑一遍 Dinic 即可得到答案。

不知道为什么如果把 vis 数组改成时间戳而非每次清空就过不了(我为什么会发现这种事情呢,哭哭)。

#define int long long
namespace XSC062 {
using namespace fastIO;
const int inf = 1e18;
const int maxn = 2e3 + 5;
const int maxm = 8e4 + 5;
int  gs, gt;
bool vis[maxn];
int n, m, t, tot;
int l, mid, r, res;
int now[maxn], dep[maxn];
int x[maxm], y[maxm], w[maxm];
int h[maxn], to[maxm], ne[maxm], tw[maxm];
inline int min(int x, int y) {
	return x < y ? x : y;
}
inline int max(int x, int y) {
	return x > y ? x : y;
}
bool BFS(void) {
	std::fill(vis + 1, vis + n + 1, 0); 
	std::fill(dep + 1, dep + n + 1, 0); 
	std::queue<int> q;
	dep[gs] = 1, vis[gs] = 1;
	q.push(gs), now[gs] = h[gs];
	while (!q.empty()) {
		int f = q.front();
		q.pop();
		for (int i = h[f]; i; i = ne[i]) {
			int v = to[i], w = tw[i];
			if (vis[v]|| w == 0)
				continue;
			vis[v] = 1, now[v] = h[v];
			dep[v] = dep[f] + 1, q.push(v);
			if (v == gt)
				return 1;
		}
	}
	return 0;
}
int findP(int x, int flow = inf) {
	if (x == gt)
		return flow;
	int rest = flow, i;
	for (i = now[x]; rest && i; i = ne[i]) {
		int v = to[i], w = tw[i];
		if (dep[v] != dep[x] + 1 || w == 0)
			continue;
		int t = findP(v, min(rest, w));
		if (t == 0)
			dep[v] = 0;
		rest -= t;
		tw[i] -= t, tw[i ^ 1] += t;
	}
	now[x] = i;
	return flow - rest;
}
inline int Dinic(void) {
	int res = 0;
	for (; BFS();) {
		int t = findP(gs);
		while (t) {
			res += t;
			t = findP(gs);
		}
	}
	return res;
}
inline void Init(void) {
	tot = 1;
	for (int i = 1; i <= n; ++i)
		h[i] = 0;
	return;
}
inline void add(int x, int y, int w) {
	to[++tot] = y, tw[tot] = w;
	ne[tot] = h[x], h[x] = tot;
	return;
}
inline bool check(int p) {
	Init();
	for (int i = 1; i <= m; ++i) {
		if (w[i] <= p) {
			add(x[i], y[i], 1);
			add(y[i], x[i], 1); 
		}
	}
	int u = Dinic();
	return u >= t;
}
int main() {
	read(n), read(m), read(t);
	gs = 1, gt = n, l = inf, r = -inf;
	for (int i = 1; i <= m; ++i) {
		read(x[i]), read(y[i]), read(w[i]);
		l = min(l, w[i]), r = max(r, w[i]); 
	}
	while (l <= r) {
		mid = (l + r) >> 1;
		if (check(mid)) {
			r = mid - 1;
			res = mid;
		}
		else l = mid + 1;
	}
	print(res, '\n');
	return 0;
}
} // namespace XSC062
#undef int

C. 猪

http://222.180.160.110:1024/contest/3821/problem/3

因为改换猪的位置而带来的「继承」关系是问题的难点。

我们先按常规思路走,开大源点连每个猪圈,权值为猪圈内初始猪数;连猪圈和对应的人,权值为无穷大;开大汇点连每个人,权值为这个人要买的猪数。

一开始的思路是,对于每一个人,将他可以开门的猪圈进行两两之间连边,但这样时间复杂度会达到 \(\mathcal O(n\times m^2)\)

所以我们转而考虑通过人之间的传递来进行「继承」操作。

对于一个人,若他能开某个门,将他和上一个能开这个门的人连边,这样继承关系就一条龙传下来了。

注意处理重边以防超时。

#define int long long
namespace XSC062 {
using namespace fastIO;
const int inf = 1e18;
const int maxn = 2e3 + 5;
const int maxm = 8e4 + 5;
int gs, gt;
bool vis[maxn];
bool p[maxn][maxn];
int n, m, x, y, tot = 1;
int now[maxn], dep[maxn], la[maxn];
int h[maxn], to[maxm], ne[maxm], tw[maxm];
inline int min(int x, int y) {
	return x < y ? x : y;
}
inline int max(int x, int y) {
	return x > y ? x : y;
}
bool BFS(int n) {
	std::fill(vis + 1, vis + n + 1, 0); 
	std::fill(dep + 1, dep + n + 1, 0); 
	std::queue<int> q;
	dep[gs] = 1, vis[gs] = 1;
	q.push(gs), now[gs] = h[gs];
	while (!q.empty()) {
		int f = q.front();
		q.pop();
		for (int i = h[f]; i; i = ne[i]) {
			int v = to[i], w = tw[i];
			if (vis[v]|| w == 0)
				continue;
			vis[v] = 1, now[v] = h[v];
			dep[v] = dep[f] + 1, q.push(v);
			if (v == gt)
				return 1;
		}
	}
	return 0;
}
int findP(int x, int flow = inf) {
	if (x == gt)
		return flow;
	int rest = flow, i;
	for (i = now[x]; rest && i; i = ne[i]) {
		int v = to[i], w = tw[i];
		if (dep[v] != dep[x] + 1 || w == 0)
			continue;
		int t = findP(v, min(rest, w));
		if (t == 0)
			dep[v] = 0;
		rest -= t;
		tw[i] -= t, tw[i ^ 1] += t;
	}
	now[x] = i;
	return flow - rest;
}
inline int Dinic(int n) {
	int res = 0;
	for (; BFS(n);) {
		int t = findP(gs);
		while (t) {
			res += t;
			t = findP(gs);
		}
	}
	return res;
}
inline void add(int x, int y, int w) {
	to[++tot] = y, tw[tot] = w;
	ne[tot] = h[x], h[x] = tot;
	return;
}
int main() {
	read(m), read(n);
	gs = n + m + 1, gt = n + m + 2;
	for (int i = 1; i <= m; ++i) {
		read(x);
		add(gs, i + n, x);
		add(i + n, gs, 0);
	}
	for (int i = 1; i <= n; ++i) {
		read(x);
		while (x--) {
			read(y), y += n;
			if (la[y] && !p[i][la[y]]) {
				p[i][la[y]] = 1;
				p[la[y]][i] = 1;
				add(la[y], i, inf);
				add(i, la[y], 0);
			}
			add(y, i, inf), add(i, y, 0);
			la[y] = i;
		}
		read(x);
		add(i, gt, x), add(gt, i, 0);
	}
	print(Dinic(gt), '\n');
	return 0;
}
} // namespace XSC062
#undef int

posted @ 2023-07-20 14:49  XSC062  阅读(42)  评论(0编辑  收藏  举报