python全栈开发day12
列表
创建列表：
基本操作：
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索引
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切片
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追加
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删除
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长度
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切片
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循环
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包含
1 #######################列表list类中提供的方法######################## 2 list2 = [ 'x','y','i','o','i','a','o','u','i'] 3 # 1、append() 在列表后面追加元素 4 list1 = ['Google', 'Runoob', 'Taobao'] 5 list1.append(123) 6 print (list1) 7 list2.append('xiong') 8 print(list2) 9 # 2、clear() 清空列表 10 list3 = [1,2,3,4,5] 11 list3.clear() 12 print(list3) 13 # 3、copy() 浅拷贝 14 list4 = list3.copy() 15 print(list4) 16 # 4、计算元素11出现的次数 17 print(list2.count('i')) 18 # 5、extend(iterable) 传入可迭代对象（将可迭代对象一个个加入到列表中） 扩展列表 19 list1 = ['xjt','xd','xe'] 20 list2 = [11,22,'xiong','zhang','zhou',True,22] 21 list2.extend(list1) 22 print(list2) #--->[11, 22, 'xiong', 'zhang', 'zhou', True,22, 'xjt', 'xd', 'xe'] 23 # 6、index() 根据值获取索引位置 找到停止，左边优先 24 print(list2.index(22)) #默认从0位置开始找 25 print(list2.index(22,3)) #从第3个位置找22 26 # 7、pop() 在指定索引位置插入元素 27 list0 = [11,22,33] 28 list0.insert(1,'xiong') 29 print(list0) 30 # 8、pop() 默认把列表最后一个值弹出 并且能获取弹出的值 31 list0 = [11,22,33,'xiong',90] 32 list0.pop() 33 print(list0) 34 list0.pop(2) 35 print(list0) 36 # 9、reversed() 将当前列表进行翻转 37 list0 = [11,22,33,'xiong',90] 38 list0.reverse() 39 print(list0) 40 # 10、sort() 排序，默认从小到大 41 list1 = [11,22,55,33,44,2,99,10] 42 list1.sort() #从小到大 43 print(list1) 44 list1.sort(reverse=True) #从大到小 45 print(list1)
元祖
View Code1 class list(object): 2 """ 3 list() -> new empty list 4 list(iterable) -> new list initialized from iterable's items 5 """ 6 def append(self, p_object): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__ 7 """ L.append(object) -- append object to end """ 8 pass 9 10 def count(self, value): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__ 11 """ L.count(value) -> integer -- return number of occurrences of value """ 12 return 0 13 14 def extend(self, iterable): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__ 15 """ L.extend(iterable) -- extend list by appending elements from the iterable """ 16 pass 17 18 def index(self, value, start=None, stop=None): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__ 19 """ 20 L.index(value, [start, [stop]]) -> integer -- return first index of value. 21 Raises ValueError if the value is not present. 22 """ 23 return 0 24 25 def insert(self, index, p_object): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__ 26 """ L.insert(index, object) -- insert object before index """ 27 pass 28 29 def pop(self, index=None): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__ 30 """ 31 L.pop([index]) -> item -- remove and return item at index (default last). 32 Raises IndexError if list is empty or index is out of range. 33 """ 34 pass 35 36 def remove(self, value): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__ 37 """ 38 L.remove(value) -- remove first occurrence of value. 39 Raises ValueError if the value is not present. 40 """ 41 pass 42 43 def reverse(self): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__ 44 """ L.reverse() -- reverse *IN PLACE* """ 45 pass 46 47 def sort(self, cmp=None, key=None, reverse=False): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__ 48 """ 49 L.sort(cmp=None, key=None, reverse=False) -- stable sort *IN PLACE*; 50 cmp(x, y) -> -1, 0, 1 51 """ 52 pass 53 54 def __add__(self, y): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__ 55 """ x.__add__(y) <==> x+y """ 56 pass 57 58 def __contains__(self, y): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__ 59 """ x.__contains__(y) <==> y in x """ 60 pass 61 62 def __delitem__(self, y): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__ 63 """ x.__delitem__(y) <==> del x[y] """ 64 pass 65 66 def __delslice__(self, i, j): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__ 67 """ 68 x.__delslice__(i, j) <==> del x[i:j] 69 70 Use of negative indices is not supported. 71 """ 72 pass 73 74 def __eq__(self, y): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__ 75 """ x.__eq__(y) <==> x==y """ 76 pass 77 78 def __getattribute__(self, name): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__ 79 """ x.__getattribute__('name') <==> x.name """ 80 pass 81 82 def __getitem__(self, y): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__ 83 """ x.__getitem__(y) <==> x[y] """ 84 pass 85 86 def __getslice__(self, i, j): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__ 87 """ 88 x.__getslice__(i, j) <==> x[i:j] 89 90 Use of negative indices is not supported. 91 """ 92 pass 93 94 def __ge__(self, y): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__ 95 """ x.__ge__(y) <==> x>=y """ 96 pass 97 98 def __gt__(self, y): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__ 99 """ x.__gt__(y) <==> x>y """ 100 pass 101 102 def __iadd__(self, y): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__ 103 """ x.__iadd__(y) <==> x+=y """ 104 pass 105 106 def __imul__(self, y): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__ 107 """ x.__imul__(y) <==> x*=y """ 108 pass 109 110 def __init__(self, seq=()): # known special case of list.__init__ 111 """ 112 list() -> new empty list 113 list(iterable) -> new list initialized from iterable's items 114 # (copied from class doc) 115 """ 116 pass 117 118 def __iter__(self): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__ 119 """ x.__iter__() <==> iter(x) """ 120 pass 121 122 def __len__(self): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__ 123 """ x.__len__() <==> len(x) """ 124 pass 125 126 def __le__(self, y): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__ 127 """ x.__le__(y) <==> x<=y """ 128 pass 129 130 def __lt__(self, y): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__ 131 """ x.__lt__(y) <==> x<y """ 132 pass 133 134 def __mul__(self, n): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__ 135 """ x.__mul__(n) <==> x*n """ 136 pass 137 138 @staticmethod # known case of __new__ 139 def __new__(S, *more): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__ 140 """ T.__new__(S, ...) -> a new object with type S, a subtype of T """ 141 pass 142 143 def __ne__(self, y): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__ 144 """ x.__ne__(y) <==> x!=y """ 145 pass 146 147 def __repr__(self): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__ 148 """ x.__repr__() <==> repr(x) """ 149 pass 150 151 def __reversed__(self): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__ 152 """ L.__reversed__() -- return a reverse iterator over the list """ 153 pass 154 155 def __rmul__(self, n): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__ 156 """ x.__rmul__(n) <==> n*x """ 157 pass 158 159 def __setitem__(self, i, y): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__ 160 """ x.__setitem__(i, y) <==> x[i]=y """ 161 pass 162 163 def __setslice__(self, i, j, y): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__ 164 """ 165 x.__setslice__(i, j, y) <==> x[i:j]=y 166 167 Use of negative indices is not supported. 168 """ 169 pass 170 171 def __sizeof__(self): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__ 172 """ L.__sizeof__() -- size of L in memory, in bytes """ 173 pass 174 175 __hash__ = None
创建元祖：123ages=(11,22,33,44,55)或ages=tuple((11,22,33,44,55))##区别元组与函数的参数括号：元组创建时在最后面多加一个逗号， 函数参数括号中多加一个逗号会报错基本操作：- 索引
- tu = (111,222,'alex',[(33,44)],56)
- v = tu[2]
- 切片
- v = tu[0:2]
- 循环
for item in tu:
print(item)
- 长度
- 包含
1 ######tuple元组######## 2 #元组 元素不能别修改 不能增加 删除 3 s = 'adfgadhs12a465ghh' 4 li = ['alex','xiong',123,'xiaoming'] 5 tu = ("wang","zhou","zhang") 6 7 print(tuple(s)) 8 print(tuple(li)) 9 print(list(tu)) 10 print("_".join(tu)) 11 ##注意：当有数字时 不能join() 12 # tu1 = [123,"xiaobai"] 13 # print("_".join(tu1)) 14 """列表中也能扩增元组""" 15 li.extend((11,22,33,'zhu',)) 16 print(li) 17 """元组的一级元素不可修改 """ 18 tu = (11,22,'alex',[(1123,55,66)],'xiong',True,234) 19 print(tu[3][0][1]) 20 print(tu[3]) 21 tu[3][0] = 567 22 print(tu) 23 """元组tuple的一些方法""" 24 tu = (11,22,'alex',[(1123,55,66)],'xiong',True,234,22,23,22) 25 print(tu.count(22)) #统计指定元素在元组中出现的次数 26 print(tu.index(22)) #某个值的索引
字典（无序）创建字典：123person={"name":"mr.wu",'age':18}或person=dict({"name":"mr.wu",'age':18})常用操作：
- 索引
- 新增
- 删除
- 键、值、键值对
- 循环
- 长度
View Code
1 ######dict静态方法########## 2 # @staticmethod # known case 3 def fromkeys(*args, **kwargs): # real signature unknown 4 """ Returns a new dict with keys from iterable and values equal to value. """ 5 pass 6 7 def get(self, k, d=None): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__ 8 """ D.get(k[,d]) -> D[k] if k in D, else d. d defaults to None. """ 9 pass 10 11 def items(self): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__ 12 """ D.items() -> a set-like object providing a view on D's items """ 13 pass 14 15 def keys(self): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__ 16 """ D.keys() -> a set-like object providing a view on D's keys """ 17 pass 18 19 def pop(self, k, d=None): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__ 20 """ 21 D.pop(k[,d]) -> v, remove specified key and return the corresponding value. 22 If key is not found, d is returned if given, otherwise KeyError is raised 23 """ 24 pass 25 26 def popitem(self): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__ 27 """ 28 D.popitem() -> (k, v), remove and return some (key, value) pair as a 29 2-tuple; but raise KeyError if D is empty. 30 """ 31 pass 32 33 def setdefault(self, k, d=None): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__ 34 """ D.setdefault(k[,d]) -> D.get(k,d), also set D[k]=d if k not in D """ 35 pass 36 37 def update(self, E=None, **F): # known special case of dict.update 38 """ 39 D.update([E, ]**F) -> None. Update D from dict/iterable E and F. 40 If E is present and has a .keys() method, then does: for k in E: D[k] = E[k] 41 If E is present and lacks a .keys() method, then does: for k, v in E: D[k] = v 42 In either case, this is followed by: for k in F: D[k] = F[k] 43 """ 44 pass 45 46 def values(self): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__ 47 """ D.values() -> an object providing a view on D's values """ 48 pass
1 ##########字典############# 2 """1、数字、字符串、列表、元组、字典都能作为字典的value，还能进行嵌套""" 3 info1 = { 4 "zhang":123, 5 1:"wang", 6 "k1":[12,34,{ 7 "kk1":12, 8 "kk2":23 9 }], 10 "k2":(123,456,789,[12,{"kk3":12}]), 11 "k3":{ 12 123:"li", 13 "wang":[1,2,3] 14 } 15 } 16 print(info1) 17 """2、列表、字典不能作为字典的key""" 18 info2 = { 19 12:'sss', 20 "k1":12334, 21 True:"1351655", 22 (11,22):456, 23 # [12,34]:741, 24 # {"k2":22,"k3":33}:852 25 } 26 print(info2) 27 """3、字典无序 可以通过key索引方式找到指定元素""" 28 info2 = { 29 12:'sss', 30 "k1":12334, 31 True:"1351655", 32 (11,22):456, 33 } 34 print(info2["k1"]) 35 """4、字典增删""" 36 info2 = { 37 12:'sss', 38 "k1":12334, 39 True:"1351655", 40 (11,22):456, 41 "k2":{ 42 "kk1":12, 43 "kk2":"jack" 44 } 45 } 46 del info2[12] 47 del info2["k2"]["kk1"] 48 print(info2) 49 """5、字典for循环""" 50 info = { 51 12:'sss', 52 "k1":12334, 53 True:"1351655", 54 (11,22):456, 55 "k2":{ 56 "kk1":12, 57 "kk2":"jack" 58 } 59 } 60 # for循环获取keys 61 for k in info: 62 print(k) 63 64 for k in info.keys(): 65 print(k) 66 # for循环获取values 67 for v in info.values(): 68 print(v) 69 # for循环获取keys values 70 for k,v in info.items(): 71 print(k,v) 72 73 74 """fromkeys() 根据序列 创建字典 并指定统一的值""" 75 v1 = dict.fromkeys(['k1',122,'10']) 76 v2 = dict.fromkeys(['k1',122,'10'],123) 77 print(v1,v2) 78 """根据key获取字典值，key不存在时，可以指定默认值（None）""" 79 info = { 80 12:'sss', 81 "k1":12334, 82 True:"1351655", 83 (11,22):456, 84 "k2":{ 85 "kk1":12, 86 "kk2":"jack" 87 } 88 } 89 #不存在key时 指定返回404，不指定时返回None 90 v = info.get('k1',404) 91 print(v) 92 v = info.get('k111',404) 93 print(v) 94 v = info.get('k111') 95 print(v) 96 """pop() popitem() 删除并获取值""" 97 info = { 98 12:'sss', 99 "k1":12334, 100 True:"1351655", 101 (11,22):456, 102 "k2":{ 103 "kk1":12, 104 "kk2":"jack" 105 } 106 } 107 #pop() 指定弹出key="k1" 没有k1时返回404 108 #popitem() 随机弹出一个键值对 109 # v = info.pop("k1",404) 110 # print(info,v) 111 k , v = info.popitem() 112 print(info,k,v) 113 """setdefault() 设置值 已存在不设置 获取当前key对应的值 ，不存在 设置 获取当前key对应的值""" 114 info = { 115 12:'sss', 116 "k1":12334, 117 True:"1351655", 118 (11,22):456, 119 "k2":{ 120 "kk1":12, 121 "kk2":"jack" 122 } 123 } 124 v = info.setdefault('k123','zhejiang') 125 print(info,v) 126 """update() 已有的覆盖 没有的添加""" 127 info.update({"k1":1234,"k3":"宁波"}) 128 print(info) 129 info.update(kkk1=1111,kkk2=2222,kkk3="hz") 130 print(info)
1 """day13作业""" 2 list1 = [11,22,33] 3 list2 = [22,33,44] 4 # a、获取相同元素 5 # b、获取不同元素 6 for i in list1: 7 for j in list2: 8 if i==j: 9 print(i) 10 for i in list1: 11 if i not in list2: 12 print(i) 13 14 # 9*9乘法表 ##注意print() 默认end="\n" 换行 sep = " " 默认空格 15 for i in range(1,10): 16 for j in range(1,i+1): 17 print(i,"*",j,"=",i*j,"\t",end="") 18 print("\n",end="") 19 20 for i in range(1,10): 21 str1 = "" 22 for j in range(1,i+1): 23 str1 += str(j) + "*" + str(i) + "=" + str(i*j) + '\t' 24 print(str1)
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