Django配置数据库读写分离
一、
DATABASES = { 'default': { 'ENGINE': 'django.db.backends.sqlite3', 'NAME': os.path.join(BASE_DIR, 'db.sqlite3'), }, 'db2': { 'ENGINE': 'django.db.backends.sqlite3', 'NAME': os.path.join(BASE_DIR, 'db2.sqlite3'), }, }
迁移 migrate --databse db2
二、读写分离
手动读写:
# 写入数据库 use using models.Student.objects.using('db2').create(name='xxxx') # 读取数据库 ret = models.Student.objects.using('default').all() # 读取数据库 ret = models.Student.objects.using('default').all() for i in ret: i.name = 'wl' i.save(using='default')
自动配置读写:
在项目中创建router文件:app01-> router
class Router: def db_for_read(self, model, **kwargs): return 'default' def db_for_write(self, model, **kwargs): return 'db2'
settings.py文件配置
DATABASE_ROUTERS = ['app01.router.Router']
三、一主多从
写入一个数据中,从多个数据库读取
# 一主多从 import random class Router: def db_for_read(self, model, **kwargs): return random.choice(['db1', 'db2', 'db3']) def db_for_write(self, model, **kwargs): return 'default'
四、分库分表
# 分库分表 class Router: def db_for_read(self, model, **kwargs): label = model._meta.app_label if label == 'app01': return 'db1' elif label == 'app02': return 'db2' def db_for_write(self, model, **kwargs): label = model._meta.app_label if label == 'app01': return 'db1' elif label == 'app02': return 'db2'
model:
model._meta.app_label app名称 model._meta.model_name model名称
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