(BFS)1097: Yuchang and Zixiang ‘s maze
1097: Yuchang and Zixiang ‘s maze
Time Limit: 2 Sec Memory Limit: 128 MBSubmit: 863 Solved: 149
Description
One day , Yuchang and Zixiang go out of school to find some thing interesting . But both of them is LuChi , so the miss the way easily .
“Where am I ? who am I ?” Yuchang says . “Who attack you? You must want to say .” Zixiang adds . “Don’t say that , how we get out there ? I want my mom 555555……” Yuchang started crying . Zixiang
become very panic . He doesn’t know how to get out there.
Now , they find they are in a N*M maze , they are at the (a,b) point , they know they want to go to the point (c,d) , they want to finish as soon as possible, so , could you help them ?
Same as other maze , there are some point has boom , means they can’t get the point . Give you N,M and Num (the number of points that have booms . ) , then , Num lines contains pairs (x,y) means
point (x,y) have booms . then , one line contains a , b , c , d ,the begin and end point .
They can mov forward , back , left and right . And every move cost 1 second . Calculate how many seconds they need to get to the finish point .
Input
The first line contains tow numbers N,M (0 < x,y < 1000)means the size of the maze.
The second line contains a number Num (0 < N < X*Y), means the number of points which have booms .
Then next N lines each contain two numbers , xi,yi , means (xi,yi) has a boom .
Output
One line , contains one number , the time they cost .
If they can’t get to the finish point , output -1 .
Sample Input
1000 1000 4
5 5
5 7
4 6
6 6
1 1 5 6
Sample Output
-1
题目大意:
余昌和子巷的迷宫
时间限制:2秒 内存限制:128mb submit: 863 已解决:149
描述
一天,余昌和子巷走出学校,发现了一些有趣的事情。但他们两人都是陆驰,所以很容易错过的方式。
“我在哪儿?”我是谁?”“谁攻击你?你一定想说。”子巷补充道。“别说了,我们怎么出去的?”我要我妈妈555555……”余昌哭了起来。子巷变得非常恐慌。他不知道怎么出去。
现在,他们发现他们在一个N*M的迷宫中,他们在(a,b)点,他们知道他们想去(c,d)点,他们想尽快完成,所以,你能帮助他们吗?
和其他迷宫一样,有一些点有boom,意思是他们不能得到那个点。给出N M和Num(有障碍的点的数量),则Num行包含对(x,y)表示点(x,y)有障碍。然后,一行包含a、b、c、d、起点和终点。它们可以向前、向后、向左和向右移动。每一步花费1秒。计算他们到达终点需要多少秒。
输入
第一行包含两个数字N,M (0 < x,y < 1000)表示迷宫的大小。
第二行包含一个数字Num (0 < N < X*Y),表示具有障碍的点的数量。
然后接下来N行每一行包含两个数字,xi,yi ,表示(xi,yi) 有一个障碍。
输出
一行,包含一个数字,它们花费的时间。
如果不能到达终点,输出-1。
样例输入
1000 1000 4
5 5
5 7
4 6
6 6
1 1 5 6
样例输出
-1
分析
典型的走迷宫问题
小地图(200*200一下)BFS、DFS都可以。大地图的话,因为信息量很大所以用不了DFS会妥妥地T掉,只能用BFS。
1 #include<bits/stdc++.h>
2 using namespace std;
3
4 const int maxn = 1010;
5 char maze[maxn][maxn]; //存储迷宫
6 int vis[maxn][maxn]; //存储是否访问过标记
7 int step[maxn][maxn]; //存储步数
8
9 int n, m; //m,n分别是迷宫的大小,在check中判断越界要使用,需要声明为全局变量
10
11 int Move[4][2] = {1, 0, -1, 0, 0, 1, 0, -1}; //四个方向可走,使用for循环来对当前坐标进行上下左右移动
12
13 struct point //结构体存储x,y的坐标,结构体的对象放在队列中
14 {
15 int x, y;
16 } in, out, beg;
17
18 int check(int x, int y)
19 {
20 if(vis[x][y] == 0 && x >= 1 && x <= n && y >= 1 && y <= m && maze[x][y] != '#')
21 return 1;
22 else
23 return 0;
24 }
25
26 int bfs()
27 {
28 memset(vis, 0, sizeof(vis)); //初始所有坐标的访问设置为0
29 memset(step, 0, sizeof(step)); //初始所有步数为0
30
31 vis[beg.x][beg.y] = 1; //beg坐标点开始标记为1,表示已经访问
32 step[beg.x][beg.y] = 0; //beg所在的坐标为第一个,步数为0
33
34 queue<point>q;
35
36 q.push(beg); //开始的那个点进队
37
38 while(!q.empty())
39 {
40 out = q.front(); //out记住队头元素
41 q.pop();
42 for(int i = 0; i < 4; i++)
43 {
44 in.x = out.x + Move[i][0]; //循环四次,in分别是队头元素的上、下、左、右邻接坐标点
45 in.y = out.y + Move[i][1];
46 if(check(in.x, in.y)) //对in作是否访问过、越界、是否是障碍检查
47 {
48 if(maze[in.x][in.y] == 'E') //判断in是否是到达的坐标
49 {
50 return step[out.x][out.y] + 1; //若到达,返回in前一个坐标的步数+1
51 }
52 q.push(in); //不是终点,继续将in进队
53 vis[in.x][in.y] = 1;
54 step[in.x][in.y] = step[out.x][out.y] + 1; // 将in的步数在它前一个坐标的步数+1
55 }
56 }
57 }
58 return -1;
59 }
60
61 int main()
62 {
63 while(~scanf("%d%d", &n, &m))
64 {
65 for(int i = 1; i <= n; i++)
66 {
67 for(int j = 1; j <= m; j++)
68 {
69 maze[i][j] = '.';
70 }
71 }
72 int t;
73 scanf("%d", &t);
74 while(t--)
75 {
76 int x, y;
77 scanf("%d%d", &x, &y);
78 maze[x][y] = '#'; //将障碍的坐标设置为#
79 }
80 int a, b, c, d;
81 scanf("%d%d%d%d", &a, &b, &c, &d);
82 if(a == c && b == d) //判断如果出发点和终点坐标一样,就直接输出0
83 {
84 printf("0\n");
85 }
86 else //否则进行广度搜索
87 {
88 maze[a][b] = 'S';
89 maze[c][d] = 'E';
90 for(int i = 1; i <= n; i++)
91 {
92 for(int j = 1; j <= m; j++)
93 {
94 if(maze[i][j] == 'S') // 找到起始点,将起始点的坐标存入结构体变量beg中
95 {
96 beg.x = i;
97 beg.y = j;
98 }
99 }
100 }
101 int ans = bfs();
102 printf("%d\n", ans);
103 }
104 }
105 return 0;
106 }