狂神--ElasticSearch
一、ElasticSearch概述
Elaticsearch,简称为es,es是一个开源的高扩展的分布式全文检索引擎,它可以近乎实时的存储、检索数据;本身扩展性很好,可以扩展到上百台服务器,处理PB级别(大数据时代)的数据。es也使用java开发并使用Lucene作为其核心来实现所有索引和搜索的功能,但是它的目的是通过简单的RESTful API来隐藏Lucene的复杂性,从而让全文搜索变得简单。
据国际权威的数据库产品评测机构DB Engines的统计,在2016年1月,ElasticSearch已超过Solr等,成为排名第一的搜索引擎类应用。
总结
1、es基本是开箱即用(解压就可以用!) ,非常简单。Solr安装略微复杂一丢丢!
2、Solr 利用Zookeeper进行分布式管理,而Elasticsearch自身带有分布式协调管理功能。
3、Solr 支持更多格式的数据,比如JSON、XML、 CSV ,而Elasticsearch仅支持json文件格式。
4、Solr 官方提供的功能更多,而Elasticsearch本身更注重于核心功能,高级功能多有第三方插件提供,例如图形化界面需要kibana友好支撑
5、Solr 查询快,但更新索引时慢(即插入删除慢) ,用于电商等查询多的应用;
- ES建立索引快(即查询慢) ,即实时性查询快,用于facebook新浪等搜索。
- Solr是传统搜索应用的有力解决方案,但Elasticsearch更适用于新兴的实时搜索应用。
6、Solr比较成熟,有一个更大,更成熟的用户、开发和贡献者社区,而Elasticsearch相对开发维护者较少,更新太快,学习使用成本较高。
二、ElasticSearch安装
Windows下安装
1、安装
下载地址:https://www.elastic.co/cn/downloads/
历史版本下载:https://www.elastic.co/cn/downloads/past-releases/
解压即可(尽量将ElasticSearch相关工具放在统一目录下)
2、熟悉目录
bin 启动文件目录
config 配置文件目录
1og4j2 日志配置文件
jvm.options java 虚拟机相关的配置(默认启动占1g内存,内容不够需要自己调整)
elasticsearch.ym1 elasticsearch 的配置文件! 默认9200端口!跨域!
1ib 相关jar包
modules 功能模块目录
plugins 插件目录
ik分词器
3、启动
bin目录下的elasticsearch.bat
访问地址: localhost:9200
{
"name" : "TIANYH",
"cluster_name" : "elasticsearch",
"cluster_uuid" : "IOHRCRK6TKibMGdNZq4YtA",
"version" : {
"number" : "7.6.1",
"build_flavor" : "default",
"build_type" : "zip",
"build_hash" : "aa751e09be0a5072e8570670309b1f12348f023b",
"build_date" : "2020-02-29T00:15:25.529771Z",
"build_snapshot" : false,
"lucene_version" : "8.4.0",
"minimum_wire_compatibility_version" : "6.8.0",
"minimum_index_compatibility_version" : "6.0.0-beta1"
},
"tagline" : "You Know, for Search"
}
安装可视化界面
elasticsearch-head
使用前提:需要安装nodejs
1、下载地址
https://github.com/mobz/elasticsearch-head
2、安装
解压即可(尽量将ElasticSearch相关工具放在统一目录下)
3、启动
cd elasticsearch-head
# 安装依赖npm install
# 启动npm run start#
# 访问http://localhost:9100/
开启跨域(在elasticsearch解压目录config下elasticsearch.yml中添加)
# 开启跨域http.cors.enabled: true
# 所有人访问http.cors.allow-origin: "*"
重启elasticsearch
理解:
- 如果你是初学者
- 索引 可以看做 “数据库”
- 类型 可以看做 “表”
- 文档 可以看做 “库中的数据(表中的行)”
- 这个head,我们只是把它当做可视化数据展示工具,之后所有的查询都在kibana中进行
- 因为不支持json格式化,不方便
安装kibana
Kibana是一个针对ElasticSearch的开源分析及可视化平台,用来搜索、查看交互存储在Elasticsearch索引中的数据。使用Kibana ,可以通过各种图表进行高级数据分析及展示。Kibana让海量数据更容易理解。它操作简单,基于浏览器的用户界面可以快速创建仪表板( dashboard )实时显示Elasticsearch查询动态。设置Kibana非常简单。无需编码或者额外的基础架构,几分钟内就可以完成Kibana安装并启动Elasticsearch索引监测。
1、下载地址:
下载的版本需要与ElasticSearch版本对应
https://www.elastic.co/cn/downloads/
历史版本下载:https://www.elastic.co/cn/downloads/past-releases/
2、安装
解压即可(尽量将ElasticSearch相关工具放在统一目录下)
3、启动
bin目录下的kibanan.bat
访问地址: localhost:5601
4、kibana汉化
编辑器打开kibana解压目录/config/kibana.yml
,添加
i18n.locale: "zh-CN"
重启kibana
了解ELK
-
ELK是
Elasticsearch、Logstash、 Kibana三大开源框架首字母大写简称
。市面上也被成为Elastic Stack。
- 其中Elasticsearch是一个基于Lucene、分布式、通过Restful方式进行交互的近实时搜索平台框架。
- 像类似百度、谷歌这种大数据全文搜索引擎的场景都可以使用Elasticsearch作为底层支持框架,可见Elasticsearch提供的搜索能力确实强大,市面上很多时候我们简称Elasticsearch为es。
- Logstash是ELK的中央数据流引擎,用于从不同目标(文件/数据存储/MQ )收集的不同格式数据,经过过滤后支持输出到不同目的地(文件/MQ/redis/elasticsearch/kafka等)。
- Kibana可以将elasticsearch的数据通过友好的页面展示出来 ,提供实时分析的功能。
- 其中Elasticsearch是一个基于Lucene、分布式、通过Restful方式进行交互的近实时搜索平台框架。
-
市面上很多开发只要提到ELK能够一致说出它是一个日志分析架构技术栈总称 ,但实际上ELK不仅仅适用于日志分析,它还可以支持其它任何数据分析和收集的场景,日志分析和收集只是更具有代表性。并非唯一性。
收集清洗数据(Logstash) ==> 搜索、存储(ElasticSearch) ==> 展示(Kibana)
三、ElasticSearch核心概念
概述
1、索引(ElasticSearch)
- 包多个分片
2、字段类型(映射)
- 字段类型映射(字段是整型,还是字符型…)
3、文档
4、分片(Lucene索引,倒排索引)
ElasticSearch是面向文档,关系行数据库和ElasticSearch客观对比!一切都是JSON!
Relational DB | ElasticSearch |
---|---|
数据库(database) | 索引(indices) |
表(tables) | types <慢慢会被弃用!> |
行(rows) | documents |
字段(columns) | fields |
elasticsearch(集群)中可以包含多个索引(数据库) ,每个索引中可以包含多个类型(表) ,每个类型下又包含多个文档(行) ,每个文档中又包含多个字段(列)。
物理设计:
elasticsearch在后台把每个索引划分成多个分片,每分分片可以在集群中的不同服务器间迁移
一个人就是一个集群! ,即启动的ElasticSearch服务,默认就是一个集群,且默认集群名为elasticsearch
逻辑设计:
一个索引类型中,包含多个文档,比如说文档1,文档2。当我们索引一篇文档时,可以通过这样的顺序找到它:索引 => 类型 => 文档ID ,通过这个组合我们就能索引到某个具体的文档。 注意:ID不必是整数,实际上它是个字符串。
文档(”行“)
之前说elasticsearch是面向文档的,那么就意味着索引和搜索数据的最小单位是文档,elasticsearch中,文档有几个重要属性:
- 自我包含,一篇文档同时包含字段和对应的值,也就是同时包含key:value !
- 可以是层次型的,一个文档中包含自文档,复杂的逻辑实体就是这么来的!
- 灵活的结构,文档不依赖预先定义的模式,我们知道关系型数据库中,要提前定义字段才能使用,在elasticsearch中,对于字段是非常灵活的,有时候,我们可以忽略该字段,或者动态的添加一个新的字段。
尽管我们可以随意的新增或者忽略某个字段,但是,每个字段的类型非常重要,比如一个年龄字段类型,可以是字符串也可以是整形。因为elasticsearch会保存字段和类型之间的映射及其他的设置。这种映射具体到每个映射的每种类型,这也是为什么在elasticsearch中,类型有时候也称为映射类型。
类型(“表”)
类型是文档的逻辑容器,就像关系型数据库一样,表格是行的容器。类型中对于字段的定义称为映射,比如name映射为字符串类型。我们说文档是无模式的,它们不需要拥有映射中所定义的所有字段,比如新增一个字段,那么elasticsearch是怎么做的呢?
- elasticsearch会自动的将新字段加入映射,但是这个字段的不确定它是什么类型,elasticsearch就开始猜,如果这个值是18,那么elasticsearch会认为它是整形。但是elasticsearch也可能猜不对,所以最安全的方式就是提前定义好所需要的映射,这点跟关系型数据库殊途同归了,先定义好字段,然后再使用,别整什么幺蛾子。
索引(“库”)
索引是映射类型的容器, elasticsearch中的索引是一个非常大的文档集合。 索引存储了映射类型的字段和其他设置。然后它们被存储到了各个分片上了。我们来研究下分片是如何工作的。
一个集群至少有一个节点,而一个节点就是一个elasricsearch进程,节点可以有多个索引默认的,如果你创建索引,那么索引将会有个5个分片(primary shard ,又称主分片)构成的,每一个主分片会有一个副本(replica shard,又称复制分片)
有3个节点的集群,可以看到主分片和对应的复制分片都不会在同一个节点内,这样有利于某个节点挂掉了,数据也不至于失。实际上,一个分片是一个Lucene索引(一个ElasticSearch索引包含多个Lucene索引) ,一个包含倒排索引的文件目录,倒排索引的结构使得elasticsearch在不扫描全部文档的情况下,就能告诉你哪些文档包含特定的关键字。不过,等等,倒排索引是什么鬼?
倒排索引(Lucene索引底层)
简单说就是 按(文章关键字,对应的文档<0个或多个>)形式建立索引,根据关键字就可直接查询对应的文档(含关键字的),无需查询每一个文档,如下图
四、IK分词器(elasticsearch插件)
IK分词器:中文分词器
分词:即把一段中文或者别的划分成一个个的关键字,我们在搜索时候会把自己的信息进行分词,会把数据库中或者索引库中的数据进行分词,然后进行一一个匹配操作,默认的中文分词是将每个字看成一个词(不使用用IK分词器的情况下),比如“我爱狂神”会被分为”我”,”爱”,”狂”,”神” ,这显然是不符合要求的,所以我们需要安装中文分词器ik来解决这个问题。
IK提供了两个分词算法: ik_smart
和ik_max_word
,其中ik_smart
为最少切分, ik_max_word
为最细粒度划分!
1、下载
版本要与ElasticSearch版本对应
下载地址:https://github.com/medcl/elasticsearch-analysis-ik/releases
2、安装
ik文件夹是自己创建的
加压即可(但是我们需要解压到ElasticSearch的plugins目录ik文件夹下)
4、使用 ElasticSearch安装补录/bin/elasticsearch-plugin
可以查看插件
E:\ElasticSearch\elasticsearch-7.6.1\bin>elasticsearch-plugin list
5、使用kibana测试
ik_smart
:最少切分
GET _analyze
{
"analyzer": "ik_smart",
"text": "白日依山尽黄河入海流"
}
{
"tokens" : [
{
"token" : "白日",
"start_offset" : 0,
"end_offset" : 2,
"type" : "CN_WORD",
"position" : 0
},
{
"token" : "依",
"start_offset" : 2,
"end_offset" : 3,
"type" : "CN_CHAR",
"position" : 1
},
{
"token" : "山",
"start_offset" : 3,
"end_offset" : 4,
"type" : "CN_CHAR",
"position" : 2
},
{
"token" : "尽",
"start_offset" : 4,
"end_offset" : 5,
"type" : "CN_CHAR",
"position" : 3
},
{
"token" : "黄河",
"start_offset" : 5,
"end_offset" : 7,
"type" : "CN_WORD",
"position" : 4
},
{
"token" : "入海流",
"start_offset" : 7,
"end_offset" : 10,
"type" : "CN_WORD",
"position" : 5
}
]
}
ik_max_word
:最细粒度划分(穷尽词库的可能)
GET _analyze
{
"analyzer": "ik_max_word",
"text": "白日依山尽黄河入海流"
}
{
"tokens" : [
{
"token" : "白日",
"start_offset" : 0,
"end_offset" : 2,
"type" : "CN_WORD",
"position" : 0
},
{
"token" : "依",
"start_offset" : 2,
"end_offset" : 3,
"type" : "CN_CHAR",
"position" : 1
},
{
"token" : "山",
"start_offset" : 3,
"end_offset" : 4,
"type" : "CN_CHAR",
"position" : 2
},
{
"token" : "尽",
"start_offset" : 4,
"end_offset" : 5,
"type" : "CN_CHAR",
"position" : 3
},
{
"token" : "黄河",
"start_offset" : 5,
"end_offset" : 7,
"type" : "CN_WORD",
"position" : 4
},
{
"token" : "入海流",
"start_offset" : 7,
"end_offset" : 10,
"type" : "CN_WORD",
"position" : 5
},
{
"token" : "入海",
"start_offset" : 7,
"end_offset" : 9,
"type" : "CN_WORD",
"position" : 6
},
{
"token" : "海流",
"start_offset" : 8,
"end_offset" : 10,
"type" : "CN_WORD",
"position" : 7
}
]
}
6、添加自定义的词添加到扩展字典中
elasticsearch目录/plugins/ik/config/IKAnalyzer.cfg.xml
打开 IKAnalyzer.cfg.xml
文件,扩展字典
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE properties SYSTEM "http://java.sun.com/dtd/properties.dtd">
<properties>
<comment>IK Analyzer 扩展配置</comment>
<!--用户可以在这里配置自己的扩展字典 -->
<entry key="ext_dict">my.dic</entry>
<!--用户可以在这里配置自己的扩展停止词字典-->
<entry key="ext_stopwords"></entry>
<!--用户可以在这里配置远程扩展字典 -->
<!-- <entry key="remote_ext_dict">words_location</entry> -->
<!--用户可以在这里配置远程扩展停止词字典-->
<!-- <entry key="remote_ext_stopwords">words_location</entry> -->
</properties>
编写 my.dic
白日依山尽
黄河入海流
GET _analyze
{
"analyzer": "ik_smart",
"text": "白日依山尽黄河入海流"
}
{
"tokens" : [
{
"token" : "白日依山尽",
"start_offset" : 0,
"end_offset" : 5,
"type" : "CN_WORD",
"position" : 0
},
{
"token" : "黄河入海流",
"start_offset" : 5,
"end_offset" : 10,
"type" : "CN_WORD",
"position" : 1
}
]
}
五、Rest风格说明
一种软件架构风格,而不是标准,只是提供了一组设计原则和约束条件。它主要用于客户端和服务器交互类的软件。基于这个风格设计的软件可以更简洁,更有层次,更易于实现缓存等机制。
基本Rest命令说明:
method | url地址 | 描述 |
---|---|---|
PUT(创建,修改) | localhost:9200/索引名称/类型名称/文档id | 创建文档(指定文档id) |
POST(创建) | localhost:9200/索引名称/类型名称 | 创建文档(随机文档id) |
POST(修改) | localhost:9200/索引名称/类型名称/文档id/_update | 修改文档 |
DELETE(删除) | localhost:9200/索引名称/类型名称/文档id | 删除文档 |
GET(查询) | localhost:9200/索引名称/类型名称/文档id | 查询文档通过文档ID |
POST(查询) | localhost:9200/索引名称/类型名称/文档id/_search | 查询所有数据 |
测试
1、创建一个索引,添加
PUT /test/type/1
{
"name": "测试",
"age": 18
}
{
"_index" : "test",
"_type" : "type",
"_id" : "1",
"_version" : 1,
"result" : "created",
"_shards" : {
"total" : 2,
"successful" : 1,
"failed" : 0
},
"_seq_no" : 0,
"_primary_term" : 1
}
2、字段数据类型
-
字符串类型
-
text、
keyword
- text:支持分词,全文检索,支持模糊、精确查询,不支持聚合,排序操作;text类型的最大支持的字符长度无限制,适合大字段存储;
- keyword:不进行分词,直接索引、支持模糊、支持精确匹配,支持聚合、排序操作。keyword类型的最大支持的长度为——32766个UTF-8类型的字符,可以通过设置ignore_above指定自持字符长度,超过给定长度后的数据将不被索引,无法通过term精确匹配检索返回结果。
-
-
数值型
- long、Integer、short、byte、double、float、half float、scaled float
-
日期类型
- date
-
te布尔类型
- boolean
-
二进制类型
- binary
-
等等…
3、指定字段的类型(使用PUT)
类似于建库(建立索引和字段对应类型),也可看做规则的建立
PUT /test2
{
"mappings": {
"properties": {
"name": {
"type": "text"
},
"age":{
"type": "long"
},
"birthday":{
"type": "date"
}
}
}
}
{
"acknowledged" : true,
"shards_acknowledged" : true,
"index" : "test2"
}
4、获取3建立的规则
GET test2
{
"test2" : {
"aliases" : { },
"mappings" : {
"properties" : {
"age" : {
"type" : "long"
},
"birthday" : {
"type" : "date"
},
"name" : {
"type" : "text"
}
}
},
"settings" : {
"index" : {
"creation_date" : "1676438148562",
"number_of_shards" : "1",
"number_of_replicas" : "1",
"uuid" : "d-qUkOZKQJKzd68KHiN_pw",
"version" : {
"created" : "7060199"
},
"provided_name" : "test2"
}
}
}
}
5、获取默认信息
_doc
默认类型(default type),type 在未来的版本中会逐渐弃用,因此产生一个默认类型进行代替
PUT /test3/_doc/1
{
"name": "黄河",
"age": 18
}
{
"_index" : "test3",
"_type" : "_doc",
"_id" : "1",
"_version" : 1,
"result" : "created",
"_shards" : {
"total" : 2,
"successful" : 1,
"failed" : 0
},
"_seq_no" : 0,
"_primary_term" : 1
}
GET test3
{
"test3" : {
"aliases" : { },
"mappings" : {
"properties" : {
"age" : {
"type" : "long"
},
"name" : {
"type" : "text",
"fields" : {
"keyword" : {
"type" : "keyword",
"ignore_above" : 256
}
}
}
}
},
"settings" : {
"index" : {
"creation_date" : "1676438576004",
"number_of_shards" : "1",
"number_of_replicas" : "1",
"uuid" : "QmHErZuzSvmczgtgyzC7oA",
"version" : {
"created" : "7060199"
},
"provided_name" : "test3"
}
}
}
}
如果自己的文档字段没有被指定,那么ElasticSearch就会给我们默认配置字段类型
扩展:通过GET _cat/
可以获取ElasticSearch的当前的很多信息!
=^.^=
/_cat/allocation
/_cat/shards
/_cat/shards/{index}
/_cat/master
/_cat/nodes
/_cat/tasks
/_cat/indices
/_cat/indices/{index}
/_cat/segments
/_cat/segments/{index}
/_cat/count
/_cat/count/{index}
/_cat/recovery
/_cat/recovery/{index}
/_cat/health
/_cat/pending_tasks
/_cat/aliases
/_cat/aliases/{alias}
/_cat/thread_pool
/_cat/thread_pool/{thread_pools}
/_cat/plugins
/_cat/fielddata
/_cat/fielddata/{fields}
/_cat/nodeattrs
/_cat/repositories
/_cat/snapshots/{repository}
/_cat/templates
6、修改
两种方案
①旧的(使用put覆盖原来的值)
- 版本+1(_version)
- 但是如果漏掉某个字段没有写,那么更新是没有写的字段 ,会消失
PUT /test/type/1
{
"name": "测试",
"age": 19
}
GET /test/_doc/1
{
"_index" : "test",
"_type" : "_doc",
"_id" : "1",
"_version" : 2,
"_seq_no" : 1,
"_primary_term" : 1,
"found" : true,
"_source" : {
"name" : "测试",
"age" : 19
}
}
PUT /test/type/1
{
"age": 20
}
GET /test/_doc/1
{
"_index" : "test",
"_type" : "_doc",
"_id" : "1",
"_version" : 3,
"_seq_no" : 2,
"_primary_term" : 1,
"found" : true,
"_source" : {
"age" : 20
}
}
②新的(使用post的update)
- version不会改变
- 需要注意doc
- 不会丢失字段
POST /test/_doc/1/_update
{
"doc":{
"age":11
}
}
GET /test/_doc/1
{
"_index" : "test",
"_type" : "_doc",
"_id" : "1",
"_version" : 5,
"_seq_no" : 4,
"_primary_term" : 1,
"found" : true,
"_source" : {
"name" : "测试",
"age" : 11
}
}
7、删除
DELETE /test
{
"acknowledged" : true
}
8、查询(简单条件)
GET /test/_doc/_search?q=age:19
{
"took" : 1,
"timed_out" : false,
"_shards" : {
"total" : 1,
"successful" : 1,
"skipped" : 0,
"failed" : 0
},
"hits" : {
"total" : {
"value" : 1,
"relation" : "eq"
},
"max_score" : 1.0,
"hits" : [
{
"_index" : "test",
"_type" : "_doc",
"_id" : "1",
"_score" : 1.0,
"_source" : {
"name" : "测试",
"age" : 19
}
}
]
}
}
9、复杂查询
①查询匹配
match
:匹配(会使用分词器解析(先分析文档,然后进行查询))_source
:过滤字段sort
:排序form
、size
分页
GET /test/_doc/_search
{
}
{
"took" : 0,
"timed_out" : false,
"_shards" : {
"total" : 1,
"successful" : 1,
"skipped" : 0,
"failed" : 0
},
"hits" : {
"total" : {
"value" : 5,
"relation" : "eq"
},
"max_score" : 1.0,
"hits" : [
{
"_index" : "test",
"_type" : "_doc",
"_id" : "1",
"_score" : 1.0,
"_source" : {
"name" : "测试",
"age" : 19
}
},
{
"_index" : "test",
"_type" : "_doc",
"_id" : "2",
"_score" : 1.0,
"_source" : {
"name" : "小李",
"age" : 19
}
},
{
"_index" : "test",
"_type" : "_doc",
"_id" : "3",
"_score" : 1.0,
"_source" : {
"name" : "小张",
"age" : 18
}
},
{
"_index" : "test",
"_type" : "_doc",
"_id" : "4",
"_score" : 1.0,
"_source" : {
"name" : "小明",
"age" : 16
}
},
{
"_index" : "test",
"_type" : "_doc",
"_id" : "5",
"_score" : 1.0,
"_source" : {
"name" : "明明",
"age" : 16
}
}
]
}
}
GET /test/_doc/_search
{
"query":{
"match":{
"name":"明"
}
},
"_source":["age","name"],
"sort":[{"age":{"order":"asc"}}],
"from":0,
"size":20
}
{
"took" : 0,
"timed_out" : false,
"_shards" : {
"total" : 1,
"successful" : 1,
"skipped" : 0,
"failed" : 0
},
"hits" : {
"total" : {
"value" : 2,
"relation" : "eq"
},
"max_score" : null,
"hits" : [
{
"_index" : "test",
"_type" : "_doc",
"_id" : "4",
"_score" : null,
"_source" : {
"name" : "小明",
"age" : 16
},
"sort" : [
16
]
},
{
"_index" : "test",
"_type" : "_doc",
"_id" : "5",
"_score" : null,
"_source" : {
"name" : "明明",
"age" : 16
},
"sort" : [
16
]
}
]
}
}
②多条件查询(bool)
must
相当于and
should
相当于or
must_not
相当于not (... and ...)
filter
过滤
GET /test/_doc/_search
{
"query":{
"bool":{
"must":[{"match":{"age":16}},{"match":{"name":"小"}}],
"filter":{
"range":{
"age":{
"gte":15,
"lte":17
}
}
}
}
}
}
{
"took" : 1,
"timed_out" : false,
"_shards" : {
"total" : 1,
"successful" : 1,
"skipped" : 0,
"failed" : 0
},
"hits" : {
"total" : {
"value" : 4,
"relation" : "eq"
},
"max_score" : 1.2940125,
"hits" : [
{
"_index" : "test",
"_type" : "_doc",
"_id" : "4",
"_score" : 1.2940125,
"_source" : {
"name" : "小明",
"age" : 16
}
},
{
"_index" : "test",
"_type" : "_doc",
"_id" : "6",
"_score" : 1.2940125,
"_source" : {
"name" : "小黄",
"age" : 16
}
},
{
"_index" : "test",
"_type" : "_doc",
"_id" : "7",
"_score" : 1.2940125,
"_source" : {
"name" : "小黑",
"age" : 16
}
},
{
"_index" : "test",
"_type" : "_doc",
"_id" : "9",
"_score" : 1.2940125,
"_source" : {
"name" : "小花",
"age" : 16
}
}
]
}
}
③匹配数组
- 貌似不能与其它字段一起使用
- 可以多关键字查(空格隔开)— 匹配字段也是符合的
match
会使用分词器解析(先分析文档,然后进行查询)- 搜词
GET /test/_doc/_search
{
"query":{
"match":{
"name":"明 黑"
}
}
}
{
"took" : 1,
"timed_out" : false,
"_shards" : {
"total" : 1,
"successful" : 1,
"skipped" : 0,
"failed" : 0
},
"hits" : {
"total" : {
"value" : 3,
"relation" : "eq"
},
"max_score" : 1.9388659,
"hits" : [
{
"_index" : "test",
"_type" : "_doc",
"_id" : "7",
"_score" : 1.9388659,
"_source" : {
"name" : "小黑",
"age" : 16
}
},
{
"_index" : "test",
"_type" : "_doc",
"_id" : "5",
"_score" : 1.4651942,
"_source" : {
"name" : "明明",
"age" : 16
}
},
{
"_index" : "test",
"_type" : "_doc",
"_id" : "4",
"_score" : 1.0729234,
"_source" : {
"name" : "小明",
"age" : 16
}
}
]
}
}
④精确查询
term
直接通过 倒排索引 指定词条查询- 适合查询 number、date、keyword ,不适合text
GET /test/_doc/_search
{
"query":{
"term":{
"age":16
}
}
}
{
"took" : 0,
"timed_out" : false,
"_shards" : {
"total" : 1,
"successful" : 1,
"skipped" : 0,
"failed" : 0
},
"hits" : {
"total" : {
"value" : 5,
"relation" : "eq"
},
"max_score" : 1.0,
"hits" : [
{
"_index" : "test",
"_type" : "_doc",
"_id" : "4",
"_score" : 1.0,
"_source" : {
"name" : "小明",
"age" : 16
}
},
{
"_index" : "test",
"_type" : "_doc",
"_id" : "5",
"_score" : 1.0,
"_source" : {
"name" : "明明",
"age" : 16
}
},
{
"_index" : "test",
"_type" : "_doc",
"_id" : "6",
"_score" : 1.0,
"_source" : {
"name" : "小黄",
"age" : 16
}
},
{
"_index" : "test",
"_type" : "_doc",
"_id" : "7",
"_score" : 1.0,
"_source" : {
"name" : "小黑",
"age" : 16
}
},
{
"_index" : "test",
"_type" : "_doc",
"_id" : "9",
"_score" : 1.0,
"_source" : {
"name" : "小花",
"age" : 16
}
}
]
}
}
⑤text和keyword
- text:
- 支持分词,全文检索、支持模糊、精确查询,不支持聚合,排序操作;
- text类型的最大支持的字符长度无限制,适合大字段存储;
- keyword:
- 不进行分词,直接索引、支持模糊、支持精确匹配,支持聚合、排序操作。
- keyword类型的最大支持的长度为——32766个UTF-8类型的字符,可以通过设置ignore_above指定自持字符长度,超过给定长度后的数据将不被索引,无法通过term精确匹配检索返回结果。
// 设置索引类型
PUT /test2
{
"mappings": {
"properties": {
"text":{
"type":"text"
},
"keyword":{
"type":"keyword"
}
}
}
}
// 设置字段数据
PUT /test2/_doc/1
{
"text":"测试keyword和text是否支持分词",
"keyword":"测试keyword和text是否支持分词"
}
GET /test2/_doc/_search
{
"query":{
"match":{
"text":"测试"
}
}
}
{
"took" : 426,
"timed_out" : false,
"_shards" : {
"total" : 1,
"successful" : 1,
"skipped" : 0,
"failed" : 0
},
"hits" : {
"total" : {
"value" : 1,
"relation" : "eq"
},
"max_score" : 0.5753642,
"hits" : [
{
"_index" : "test2",
"_type" : "_doc",
"_id" : "1",
"_score" : 0.5753642,
"_source" : {
"text" : "测试keyword和text是否支持分词",
"keyword" : "测试keyword和text是否支持分词"
}
}
]
}
}
GET /test2/_doc/_search
{
"query":{
"match":{
"keyword":"测试"
}
}
}
{
"took" : 0,
"timed_out" : false,
"_shards" : {
"total" : 1,
"successful" : 1,
"skipped" : 0,
"failed" : 0
},
"hits" : {
"total" : {
"value" : 0,
"relation" : "eq"
},
"max_score" : null,
"hits" : [ ]
}
}
GET _analyze
{
"analyzer": "keyword",
"text": ["白日依山尽"]
}
{
"tokens" : [
{
"token" : "白日依山尽",
"start_offset" : 0,
"end_offset" : 5,
"type" : "word",
"position" : 0
}
]
}
GET _analyze
{
"analyzer": "standard",
"text": ["白日依山尽"]
}
{
"tokens" : [
{
"token" : "白",
"start_offset" : 0,
"end_offset" : 1,
"type" : "<IDEOGRAPHIC>",
"position" : 0
},
{
"token" : "日",
"start_offset" : 1,
"end_offset" : 2,
"type" : "<IDEOGRAPHIC>",
"position" : 1
},
{
"token" : "依",
"start_offset" : 2,
"end_offset" : 3,
"type" : "<IDEOGRAPHIC>",
"position" : 2
},
{
"token" : "山",
"start_offset" : 3,
"end_offset" : 4,
"type" : "<IDEOGRAPHIC>",
"position" : 3
},
{
"token" : "尽",
"start_offset" : 4,
"end_offset" : 5,
"type" : "<IDEOGRAPHIC>",
"position" : 4
}
]
}
GET _analyze
{
"analyzer": "ik_max_word",
"text": ["白日依山尽"]
}
{
"tokens" : [
{
"token" : "白日依山尽",
"start_offset" : 0,
"end_offset" : 5,
"type" : "CN_WORD",
"position" : 0
},
{
"token" : "白日",
"start_offset" : 0,
"end_offset" : 2,
"type" : "CN_WORD",
"position" : 1
},
{
"token" : "依",
"start_offset" : 2,
"end_offset" : 3,
"type" : "CN_CHAR",
"position" : 2
},
{
"token" : "山",
"start_offset" : 3,
"end_offset" : 4,
"type" : "CN_CHAR",
"position" : 3
},
{
"token" : "尽",
"start_offset" : 4,
"end_offset" : 5,
"type" : "CN_CHAR",
"position" : 4
}
]
}
⑥高亮查询
GET /test/_doc/_search
{
"query":{
"match":{"name":"小"}
},
"highlight":{
"fields":{
"name":{}
}
}
}
{
"took" : 89,
"timed_out" : false,
"_shards" : {
"total" : 1,
"successful" : 1,
"skipped" : 0,
"failed" : 0
},
"hits" : {
"total" : {
"value" : 6,
"relation" : "eq"
},
"max_score" : 0.18681718,
"hits" : [
{
"_index" : "test",
"_type" : "_doc",
"_id" : "2",
"_score" : 0.18681718,
"_source" : {
"name" : "小李",
"age" : 19
},
"highlight" : {
"name" : [
"<em>小</em>李"
]
}
},
{
"_index" : "test",
"_type" : "_doc",
"_id" : "3",
"_score" : 0.18681718,
"_source" : {
"name" : "小张",
"age" : 18
},
"highlight" : {
"name" : [
"<em>小</em>张"
]
}
},
{
"_index" : "test",
"_type" : "_doc",
"_id" : "4",
"_score" : 0.18681718,
"_source" : {
"name" : "小明",
"age" : 16
},
"highlight" : {
"name" : [
"<em>小</em>明"
]
}
},
{
"_index" : "test",
"_type" : "_doc",
"_id" : "6",
"_score" : 0.18681718,
"_source" : {
"name" : "小黄",
"age" : 16
},
"highlight" : {
"name" : [
"<em>小</em>黄"
]
}
},
{
"_index" : "test",
"_type" : "_doc",
"_id" : "7",
"_score" : 0.18681718,
"_source" : {
"name" : "小黑",
"age" : 16
},
"highlight" : {
"name" : [
"<em>小</em>黑"
]
}
},
{
"_index" : "test",
"_type" : "_doc",
"_id" : "9",
"_score" : 0.18681718,
"_source" : {
"name" : "小花",
"age" : 16
},
"highlight" : {
"name" : [
"<em>小</em>花"
]
}
}
]
}
}
GET /test/_doc/_search
{
"query":{
"match":{"name":"小"}
},
"highlight": {
"pre_tags": "<p class='key' style='color:red'>",
"post_tags": "</p>",
"fields": {
"name": {}
}
}
}
{
"took" : 2,
"timed_out" : false,
"_shards" : {
"total" : 1,
"successful" : 1,
"skipped" : 0,
"failed" : 0
},
"hits" : {
"total" : {
"value" : 6,
"relation" : "eq"
},
"max_score" : 0.18681718,
"hits" : [
{
"_index" : "test",
"_type" : "_doc",
"_id" : "2",
"_score" : 0.18681718,
"_source" : {
"name" : "小李",
"age" : 19
},
"highlight" : {
"name" : [
"<p class='key' style='color:red'>小</p>李"
]
}
},
{
"_index" : "test",
"_type" : "_doc",
"_id" : "3",
"_score" : 0.18681718,
"_source" : {
"name" : "小张",
"age" : 18
},
"highlight" : {
"name" : [
"<p class='key' style='color:red'>小</p>张"
]
}
},
{
"_index" : "test",
"_type" : "_doc",
"_id" : "4",
"_score" : 0.18681718,
"_source" : {
"name" : "小明",
"age" : 16
},
"highlight" : {
"name" : [
"<p class='key' style='color:red'>小</p>明"
]
}
},
{
"_index" : "test",
"_type" : "_doc",
"_id" : "6",
"_score" : 0.18681718,
"_source" : {
"name" : "小黄",
"age" : 16
},
"highlight" : {
"name" : [
"<p class='key' style='color:red'>小</p>黄"
]
}
},
{
"_index" : "test",
"_type" : "_doc",
"_id" : "7",
"_score" : 0.18681718,
"_source" : {
"name" : "小黑",
"age" : 16
},
"highlight" : {
"name" : [
"<p class='key' style='color:red'>小</p>黑"
]
}
},
{
"_index" : "test",
"_type" : "_doc",
"_id" : "9",
"_score" : 0.18681718,
"_source" : {
"name" : "小花",
"age" : 16
},
"highlight" : {
"name" : [
"<p class='key' style='color:red'>小</p>花"
]
}
}
]
}
}
六、SpringBoot整合
1、导入依赖
导入elasticsearch
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-data-elasticsearch</artifactId>
</dependency>
提前导入fastjson、lombok
<dependency>
<groupId>com.alibaba</groupId>
<artifactId>fastjson</artifactId>
<version>1.2.70</version>
</dependency>
<!-- lombok需要安装插件 -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId>
<artifactId>lombok</artifactId>
<optional>true</optional>
</dependency>
2、创建并编写配置类
@Configuration
public class ElasticSearchConfig {
// 注册 rest高级客户端
@Bean
public RestHighLevelClient restHighLevelClient(){
RestHighLevelClient client = new RestHighLevelClient(
RestClient.builder(
new HttpHost("localhost",9200,"http")
)
);
return client;
}
}
3、创建并编写实体类
@Data
@NoArgsConstructor
@AllArgsConstructor
public class User implements Serializable {
private static final long serialVersionUID = -3843548915035470817L;
private String name;
private Integer age;
}
4、测试
注入 RestHighLevelClient
@Autowired
public RestHighLevelClient restHighLevelClient;
索引的操作
1、索引的创建
public void CreatIndex() throws IOException {
CreateIndexRequest request = new CreateIndexRequest("test6");
CreateIndexResponse response = restHighLevelClient.indices().create(request, RequestOptions.DEFAULT);
System.out.println(response.isAcknowledged());
System.out.println(response);
restHighLevelClient.close();
return ;
}
2、索引的获取,并判断其是否存在
public void IndexIsExists() throws IOException {
GetIndexRequest request = new GetIndexRequest("test6");
boolean exists = restHighLevelClient.indices().exists(request,RequestOptions.DEFAULT);
System.out.println(exists);
restHighLevelClient.close();
return;
}
3、索引的删除
public void DeleteIndex() throws IOException {
DeleteIndexRequest request = new DeleteIndexRequest("test6");
AcknowledgedResponse response = restHighLevelClient.indices().delete(request,RequestOptions.DEFAULT);
System.out.println(response.isAcknowledged());
restHighLevelClient.close();
return;
}
文档的操作
1、文档的添加
public void AddDocument() throws IOException {
User user = new User("笑笑",25);
IndexRequest request = new IndexRequest("test");
request.id("16");
request.timeout(TimeValue.timeValueMillis(1000));
request.source(JSON.toJSONString(user),XContentType.JSON);
IndexResponse response = restHighLevelClient.index(request,RequestOptions.DEFAULT);
System.out.println(response.status());
System.out.println(response);
restHighLevelClient.close();
return;
}
2、文档信息的获取
public void GetDocument() throws IOException {
GetRequest request = new GetRequest("test","1");
GetResponse response = restHighLevelClient.get(request,RequestOptions.DEFAULT);
System.out.println(response.getSourceAsString());
restHighLevelClient.close();
return;
}
3、文档的获取,并判断其是否存在
public void DocumentIsExists() throws IOException {
GetRequest request = new GetRequest("test","1111");
request.fetchSourceContext(new FetchSourceContext(false));
request.storedFields("_none_");
boolean exists = restHighLevelClient.exists(request,RequestOptions.DEFAULT);
System.out.println(exists);
restHighLevelClient.close();
return;
}
4、文档的更新
public void UpdateDocument() throws IOException {
UpdateRequest request = new UpdateRequest("test","16");
User user = new User("黑黑",18);
request.doc(JSON.toJSONString(user),XContentType.JSON);
UpdateResponse response = restHighLevelClient.update(request,RequestOptions.DEFAULT);
System.out.println(response.status());
restHighLevelClient.close();
return;
}
5、文档的删除
public void DeleteDocument() throws Exception {
DeleteRequest request = new DeleteRequest("test","1");
request.timeout("1s");
DeleteResponse response = restHighLevelClient.delete(request,RequestOptions.DEFAULT);
System.out.println(response.status());
restHighLevelClient.close();
}
6、文档的查询
public void Search() throws Exception {
SearchRequest request = new SearchRequest("test");
SearchSourceBuilder searchSourceBuilder = new SearchSourceBuilder();
TermQueryBuilder termQueryBuilder = QueryBuilders.termQuery("name","明");
// MatchAllQueryBuilder matchAllQueryBuilder = QueryBuilders.matchAllQuery();
searchSourceBuilder.highlighter(new HighlightBuilder());
searchSourceBuilder.timeout(new TimeValue(60, TimeUnit.SECONDS));
searchSourceBuilder.query(termQueryBuilder);
// searchSourceBuilder.query(matchAllQueryBuilder);
searchSourceBuilder.from(0);
searchSourceBuilder.size(100);
request.source(searchSourceBuilder);
SearchResponse search = restHighLevelClient.search(request, RequestOptions.DEFAULT);
SearchHits hits = search.getHits();
System.out.println(JSON.toJSONString(hits));
System.out.println("++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++");
for (SearchHit documentFields: hits.getHits()) {
System.out.println(documentFields.getSourceAsMap());
}
restHighLevelClient.close();
}
错误的批量添加数据
public void test() throws Exception {
IndexRequest request = new IndexRequest("bulk");
request.source(JSON.toJSONString(new User("小1",12)),XContentType.JSON);
request.source(JSON.toJSONString(new User("小2",12)),XContentType.JSON);
request.source(JSON.toJSONString(new User("小3",12)),XContentType.JSON);
request.source(JSON.toJSONString(new User("小4",12)),XContentType.JSON);
request.source(JSON.toJSONString(new User("小5",12)),XContentType.JSON);
request.source(JSON.toJSONString(new User("小6",12)),XContentType.JSON);
request.source(JSON.toJSONString(new User("小7",12)),XContentType.JSON);
IndexResponse indexResponse = restHighLevelClient.index(request,RequestOptions.DEFAULT);
System.out.println(indexResponse.status());
restHighLevelClient.close();
}
7、批量添加数据
public void testBullk() throws Exception {
BulkRequest bulkRequest = new BulkRequest();
bulkRequest.timeout("10s");
ArrayList<User> users = new ArrayList<>();
users.add(new User("小1",12));
users.add(new User("小2",12));
users.add(new User("小3",12));
users.add(new User("小4",12));
users.add(new User("小5",12));
users.add(new User("小6",12));
for (User user:users) {
bulkRequest.add(new IndexRequest("bulk").source(JSON.toJSONString(user),XContentType.JSON));
}
BulkResponse response = restHighLevelClient.bulk(bulkRequest,RequestOptions.DEFAULT);
System.out.println(response.status());
restHighLevelClient.close();
}
七、ElasticSearch实战
防京东商城搜索(高亮)
1、导入依赖
<dependencies>
<!-- jsoup解析页面 -->
<!-- 解析网页 爬视频可 研究tiko -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.jsoup</groupId>
<artifactId>jsoup</artifactId>
<version>1.10.2</version>
</dependency>
<!-- fastjson -->
<dependency>
<groupId>com.alibaba</groupId>
<artifactId>fastjson</artifactId>
<version>1.2.70</version>
</dependency>
<!-- ElasticSearch -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-data-elasticsearch</artifactId>
</dependency>
<!-- thymeleaf -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-thymeleaf</artifactId>
</dependency>
<!-- web -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
</dependency>
<!-- devtools热部署 -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-devtools</artifactId>
<scope>runtime</scope>
<optional>true</optional>
</dependency>
<!-- -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-configuration-processor</artifactId>
<optional>true</optional>
</dependency>
<!-- lombok 需要安装插件 -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId>
<artifactId>lombok</artifactId>
<optional>true</optional>
</dependency>
<!-- test -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
<scope>test</scope>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
2、导入前端素材
ES资料地址:链接:https://pan.baidu.com/s/1qdvSk7SdVnlI8QzeK5gxaA
提取码:ldrh
3、编写 application.preperties
配置文件
# 更改端口,防止冲突
server.port=9999
# 关闭thymeleaf缓存
spring.thymeleaf.cache=false
4、测试controller和view
@Controller
public class DemoApi {
@GetMapping({"/","index"})
public String index(){
return "index";
}
}
5、编写service
ContentService
@Service
public class ContentService {
@Autowired
private RestHighLevelClient restHighLevelClient;
// 1、解析数据放入 es 索引中
public Boolean parseContent(String keyword) throws IOException {
// 获取内容
List<Content> contents = HtmlParseUtil.parseJD(keyword);
// 内容放入 es 中
BulkRequest bulkRequest = new BulkRequest();
bulkRequest.timeout("2m"); // 可更具实际业务是指
for (int i = 0; i < contents.size(); i++) {
bulkRequest.add(
new IndexRequest("jd_goods")
.id(""+(i+1))
.source(JSON.toJSONString(contents.get(i)), XContentType.JSON)
);
}
BulkResponse bulk = restHighLevelClient.bulk(bulkRequest, RequestOptions.DEFAULT);
// restHighLevelClient.close();
return !bulk.hasFailures();
}
// 2、根据keyword分页查询结果
public List<Map<String, Object>> search(String keyword, Integer pageIndex, Integer pageSize) throws IOException {
if (pageIndex < 0){
pageIndex = 0;
}
SearchRequest jd_goods = new SearchRequest("jd_goods");
// 创建搜索源建造者对象
SearchSourceBuilder searchSourceBuilder = new SearchSourceBuilder();
// 条件采用:精确查询 通过keyword查字段name
TermQueryBuilder termQueryBuilder = QueryBuilders.termQuery("name", keyword);
searchSourceBuilder.query(termQueryBuilder);
searchSourceBuilder.timeout(new TimeValue(60, TimeUnit.SECONDS));// 60s
// 分页
searchSourceBuilder.from(pageIndex);
searchSourceBuilder.size(pageSize);
// 高亮
// ....
// 搜索源放入搜索请求中
jd_goods.source(searchSourceBuilder);
// 执行查询,返回结果
SearchResponse searchResponse = restHighLevelClient.search(jd_goods, RequestOptions.DEFAULT);
// restHighLevelClient.close();
// 解析结果
SearchHits hits = searchResponse.getHits();
List<Map<String,Object>> results = new ArrayList<>();
for (SearchHit documentFields : hits.getHits()) {
Map<String, Object> sourceAsMap = documentFields.getSourceAsMap();
results.add(sourceAsMap);
}
// 返回查询的结果
return results;
}
// 3、 在2的基础上进行高亮查询
public List<Map<String, Object>> highlightSearch(String keyword, Integer pageIndex, Integer pageSize) throws IOException {
SearchRequest searchRequest = new SearchRequest("jd_goods");
SearchSourceBuilder searchSourceBuilder = new SearchSourceBuilder();
// 精确查询,添加查询条件
TermQueryBuilder termQueryBuilder = QueryBuilders.termQuery("name", keyword);
searchSourceBuilder.timeout(new TimeValue(60, TimeUnit.SECONDS));
searchSourceBuilder.query(termQueryBuilder);
// 分页
searchSourceBuilder.from(pageIndex);
searchSourceBuilder.size(pageSize);
// 高亮 =========
HighlightBuilder highlightBuilder = new HighlightBuilder();
highlightBuilder.field("name");
highlightBuilder.preTags("<span style='color:red'>");
highlightBuilder.postTags("</span>");
searchSourceBuilder.highlighter(highlightBuilder);
// 执行查询
searchRequest.source(searchSourceBuilder);
SearchResponse searchResponse = restHighLevelClient.search(searchRequest, RequestOptions.DEFAULT);
// 解析结果 ==========
SearchHits hits = searchResponse.getHits();
List<Map<String, Object>> results = new ArrayList<>();
for (SearchHit documentFields : hits.getHits()) {
// 使用新的字段值(高亮),覆盖旧的字段值
Map<String, Object> sourceAsMap = documentFields.getSourceAsMap();
// 高亮字段
Map<String, HighlightField> highlightFields = documentFields.getHighlightFields();
HighlightField name = highlightFields.get("name");
// 替换
if (name != null){
Text[] fragments = name.fragments();
StringBuilder new_name = new StringBuilder();
for (Text text : fragments) {
new_name.append(text);
}
sourceAsMap.put("name",new_name.toString());
}
results.add(sourceAsMap);
}
return results;
}
}
6、编写controller
@Controller
public class DemoApi {
@GetMapping({"/","index"})
public String index(){
return "index";
}
@Autowired
private ContentService contentService;
@ResponseBody
@GetMapping("/parse/{keyword}")
public Boolean parse(@PathVariable("keyword") String keyword) throws IOException {
return contentService.parseContent(keyword);
}
@ResponseBody
@GetMapping("/search/{keyword}/{pageIndex}/{pageSize}")
public List<Map<String, Object>> parse(@PathVariable("keyword") String keyword,
@PathVariable("pageIndex") Integer pageIndex,
@PathVariable("pageSize") Integer pageSize) throws IOException {
return contentService.search(keyword,pageIndex,pageSize);
}
@ResponseBody
@GetMapping("/h_search/{keyword}/{pageIndex}/{pageSize}")
public List<Map<String, Object>> highlightParse(@PathVariable("keyword") String keyword,
@PathVariable("pageIndex") Integer pageIndex,
@PathVariable("pageSize") Integer pageSize) throws IOException {
return contentService.highlightSearch(keyword,pageIndex,pageSize);
}
}
7、爬虫(jsoup)
HtmlParseUtil
public class HtmlParseUtil {
public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException {
/// 使用前需要联网
// 请求url
String url = "http://search.jd.com/search?keyword=java";
// 1.解析网页(jsoup 解析返回的对象是浏览器Document对象)
Document document = Jsoup.parse(new URL(url), 30000);
// 使用document可以使用在js对document的所有操作
// 2.获取元素(通过id)
Element j_goodsList = document.getElementById("J_goodsList");
// 3.获取J_goodsList ul 每一个 li
Elements lis = j_goodsList.getElementsByTag("li");
// 4.获取li下的 img、price、name
for (Element li : lis) {
String img = li.getElementsByTag("img").eq(0).attr("src");// 获取li下 第一张图片
String name = li.getElementsByClass("p-name").eq(0).text();
String price = li.getElementsByClass("p-price").eq(0).text();
System.out.println("=======================");
System.out.println("img : " + img);
System.out.println("name : " + name);
System.out.println("price : " + price);
}
}
public static List<Content> parseJD(String keyword) throws IOException {
/// 使用前需要联网
// 请求url
String url = "http://search.jd.com/search?keyword=" + keyword;
// 1.解析网页(jsoup 解析返回的对象是浏览器Document对象)
Document document = Jsoup.parse(new URL(url), 30000);
// 使用document可以使用在js对document的所有操作
// 2.获取元素(通过id)
Element j_goodsList = document.getElementById("J_goodsList");
// 3.获取J_goodsList ul 每一个 li
Elements lis = j_goodsList.getElementsByTag("li");
// System.out.println(lis);
// 4.获取li下的 img、price、name
// list存储所有li下的内容
List<Content> contents = new ArrayList<Content>();
for (Element li : lis) {
// 由于网站图片使用懒加载,将src属性替换为data-lazy-img
String img = li.getElementsByTag("img").eq(0).attr("data-lazy-img");// 获取li下 第一张图片
String name = li.getElementsByClass("p-name").eq(0).text();
String price = li.getElementsByClass("p-price").eq(0).text();
// 封装为对象
Content content = new Content(name,img,price);
// 添加到list中
contents.add(content);
}
System.out.println(contents);
// 5.返回 list
return contents;
}
}
Content
@Data
@AllArgsConstructor
@NoArgsConstructor
public class Content implements Serializable {
private static final long serialVersionUID = -8049497962627482693L;
private String name;
private String img;
private String price;
}
8、前后端分离
引入js
<script src="https://cdn.bootcss.com/vue/2.5.2/vue.min.js"></script>
<script src="https://cdn.bootcdn.net/ajax/libs/axios/0.21.1/axios.min.js"></script>
修改后的index.html
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html xmlns:th="http://www.thymeleaf.org">
<head>
<meta charset="utf-8"/>
<title>狂神说Java-ES仿京东实战</title>
<link rel="stylesheet" th:href="@{/css/style.css}"/>
<script th:src="@{/js/jquery.min.js}"></script>
</head>
<body class="pg">
<div class="page">
<div id="app" class=" mallist tmall- page-not-market ">
<!-- 头部搜索 -->
<div id="header" class=" header-list-app">
<div class="headerLayout">
<div class="headerCon ">
<!-- Logo-->
<h1 id="mallLogo">
<img th:src="@{/images/jdlogo.png}" alt="">
</h1>
<div class="header-extra">
<!--搜索-->
<div id="mallSearch" class="mall-search">
<form name="searchTop" class="mallSearch-form clearfix">
<fieldset>
<legend>天猫搜索</legend>
<div class="mallSearch-input clearfix">
<div class="s-combobox" id="s-combobox-685">
<div class="s-combobox-input-wrap">
<input v-model="keyword" type="text" autocomplete="off" id="mq"
class="s-combobox-input" aria-haspopup="true">
</div>
</div>
<button type="submit" @click.prevent="searchKey" id="searchbtn">搜索</button>
</div>
</fieldset>
</form>
<ul class="relKeyTop">
<li><a>狂神说Java</a></li>
<li><a>狂神说前端</a></li>
<li><a>狂神说Linux</a></li>
<li><a>狂神说大数据</a></li>
<li><a>狂神聊理财</a></li>
</ul>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<!-- 商品详情页面 -->
<div id="content">
<div class="main">
<!-- 品牌分类 -->
<form class="navAttrsForm">
<div class="attrs j_NavAttrs" style="display:block">
<div class="brandAttr j_nav_brand">
<div class="j_Brand attr">
<div class="attrKey">
品牌
</div>
<div class="attrValues">
<ul class="av-collapse row-2">
<li><a href="#"> 狂神说 </a></li>
<li><a href="#"> Java </a></li>
</ul>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</form>
<!-- 排序规则 -->
<div class="filter clearfix">
<a class="fSort fSort-cur">综合<i class="f-ico-arrow-d"></i></a>
<a class="fSort">人气<i class="f-ico-arrow-d"></i></a>
<a class="fSort">新品<i class="f-ico-arrow-d"></i></a>
<a class="fSort">销量<i class="f-ico-arrow-d"></i></a>
<a class="fSort">价格<i class="f-ico-triangle-mt"></i><i class="f-ico-triangle-mb"></i></a>
</div>
<!-- 商品详情 -->
<div class="view grid-nosku" >
<div class="product" v-for="result in results">
<div class="product-iWrap">
<!--商品封面-->
<div class="productImg-wrap">
<a class="productImg">
<img :src="result.img">
</a>
</div>
<!--价格-->
<p class="productPrice">
<em v-text="result.price"></em>
</p>
<!--标题-->
<p class="productTitle">
<a v-html="result.name"></a>
</p>
<!-- 店铺名 -->
<div class="productShop">
<span>店铺: 狂神说Java </span>
</div>
<!-- 成交信息 -->
<p class="productStatus">
<span>月成交<em>999笔</em></span>
<span>评价 <a>3</a></span>
</p>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<script th:src="@{/js/vue.min.js}"></script>
<script th:src="@{/js/axios.min.js}"></script>
<script>
new Vue({
el:"#app",
data:{
"keyword": '', // 搜索的关键字
"results":[] // 后端返回的结果
},
methods:{
searchKey(){
var keyword = this.keyword;
console.log(keyword);
axios.get('h_search/'+keyword+'/0/20').then(response=>{
console.log(response.data);
this.results=response.data;
})
}
}
});
</script>
</body>
</html>
9、遗留问题
restHighLevelClient.close(); 引起java.lang.RuntimeException: Request execution cancelled 错误