springMVC框架
一、springMVC原理
如图：
①、发起请求到前端控制器(DispatcherServlet)
②、前端控制器请求HandlerMapping查找 Handler
可以根据xml配置、注解进行查找
③、处理器映射器HandlerMapping向前端控制器返回Handler
④、前端控制器调用处理器适配器去执行Handler
⑤、处理器适配器去执行Handler
⑥、Handler执行完成给适配器返回ModelAndView
⑦、处理器适配器向前端控制器返回ModelAndView
ModelAndView是springmvc框架的一个底层对象，包括 Model和view
⑧、前端控制器请求视图解析器去进行视图解析
根据逻辑视图名解析成真正的视图(jsp)
⑨、视图解析器向通过ModelAndView对象的数据获取View对象
⑩、视图对象返回给视图解析器
11、视图解析器通过视图对象将ModelAndView填充到request域，返回给前端控制器
12、前端控制器向用户响应结果
查看源代码
@Override protected void doService(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws Exception { if (logger.isDebugEnabled()) { String requestUri = urlPathHelper.getRequestUri(request); String resumed = WebAsyncUtils.getAsyncManager(request).hasConcurrentResult() ? " resumed" : ""; logger.debug("DispatcherServlet with name '" + getServletName() + "'" + resumed + " processing " + request.getMethod() + " request for [" + requestUri + "]"); } // Keep a snapshot of the request attributes in case of an include, // to be able to restore the original attributes after the include. Map<String, Object> attributesSnapshot = null; if (WebUtils.isIncludeRequest(request)) { logger.debug("Taking snapshot of request attributes before include"); attributesSnapshot = new HashMap<String, Object>(); Enumeration<?> attrNames = request.getAttributeNames(); while (attrNames.hasMoreElements()) { String attrName = (String) attrNames.nextElement(); if (this.cleanupAfterInclude || attrName.startsWith("org.springframework.web.servlet")) { attributesSnapshot.put(attrName, request.getAttribute(attrName)); } } } // Make framework objects available to handlers and view objects. request.setAttribute(WEB_APPLICATION_CONTEXT_ATTRIBUTE, getWebApplicationContext()); request.setAttribute(LOCALE_RESOLVER_ATTRIBUTE, this.localeResolver); request.setAttribute(THEME_RESOLVER_ATTRIBUTE, this.themeResolver); request.setAttribute(THEME_SOURCE_ATTRIBUTE, getThemeSource()); FlashMap inputFlashMap = this.flashMapManager.retrieveAndUpdate(request, response); if (inputFlashMap != null) { request.setAttribute(INPUT_FLASH_MAP_ATTRIBUTE, Collections.unmodifiableMap(inputFlashMap)); } request.setAttribute(OUTPUT_FLASH_MAP_ATTRIBUTE, new FlashMap()); request.setAttribute(FLASH_MAP_MANAGER_ATTRIBUTE, this.flashMapManager); try { doDispatch(request, response); } finally { if (WebAsyncUtils.getAsyncManager(request).isConcurrentHandlingStarted()) { return; } // Restore the original attribute snapshot, in case of an include. if (attributesSnapshot != null) { restoreAttributesAfterInclude(request, attributesSnapshot); } } }
以上代码request对象的出来，doDispatch方法作用相当于处理分发
protected void doDispatch(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws Exception { HttpServletRequest processedRequest = request; HandlerExecutionChain mappedHandler = null; boolean multipartRequestParsed = false; WebAsyncManager asyncManager = WebAsyncUtils.getAsyncManager(request); try { ModelAndView mv = null; Exception dispatchException = null; try { processedRequest = checkMultipart(request); multipartRequestParsed = processedRequest != request; // 确定当前请求的处理程序。 mappedHandler = getHandler(processedRequest, false); if (mappedHandler == null || mappedHandler.getHandler() == null) { noHandlerFound(processedRequest, response); return; } // 确定当前请求的处理程序适配器。1、获取handler，2、获取HandlerAdapter HandlerAdapter ha = getHandlerAdapter(mappedHandler.getHandler()); // Process last-modified header, if supported by the handler. String method = request.getMethod(); boolean isGet = "GET".equals(method); if (isGet || "HEAD".equals(method)) { long lastModified = ha.getLastModified(request, mappedHandler.getHandler()); if (logger.isDebugEnabled()) { String requestUri = urlPathHelper.getRequestUri(request); logger.debug("Last-Modified value for [" + requestUri + "] is: " + lastModified); } if (new ServletWebRequest(request, response).checkNotModified(lastModified) && isGet) { return; } } if (!mappedHandler.applyPreHandle(processedRequest, response)) { return; } try { // 实际调用处理程序。上面流程中的⑥ mv = ha.handle(processedRequest, response, mappedHandler.getHandler()); } finally { if (asyncManager.isConcurrentHandlingStarted()) { return; } } //这个是View的处理，具体怎么做的没深入了解 applyDefaultViewName(request, mv); mappedHandler.applyPostHandle(processedRequest, response, mv); } catch (Exception ex) { dispatchException = ex; } processDispatchResult(processedRequest, response, mappedHandler, mv, dispatchException); } catch (Exception ex) { triggerAfterCompletion(processedRequest, response, mappedHandler, ex); } catch (Error err) { triggerAfterCompletionWithError(processedRequest, response, mappedHandler, err); } finally { if (asyncManager.isConcurrentHandlingStarted()) { // Instead of postHandle and afterCompletion mappedHandler.applyAfterConcurrentHandlingStarted(processedRequest, response); return; } // Clean up any resources used by a multipart request. if (multipartRequestParsed) { cleanupMultipart(processedRequest); } } }
视图解析
protected void render(ModelAndView mv, HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws Exception { // Determine locale for request and apply it to the response. Locale locale = this.localeResolver.resolveLocale(request); response.setLocale(locale); View view; if (mv.isReference()) { // 根据视图名称获得视图对象 view = resolveViewName(mv.getViewName(), mv.getModelInternal(), locale, request); if (view == null) { throw new ServletException( "Could not resolve view with name '" + mv.getViewName() + "' in servlet with name '" + getServletName() + "'"); } } else { // No need to lookup: the ModelAndView object contains the actual View object. view = mv.getView(); if (view == null) { throw new ServletException("ModelAndView [" + mv + "] neither contains a view name nor a " + "View object in servlet with name '" + getServletName() + "'"); } } // Delegate to the View object for rendering. if (logger.isDebugEnabled()) { logger.debug("Rendering view [" + view + "] in DispatcherServlet with name '" + getServletName() + "'"); } view.render(mv.getModelInternal(), request, response); }
视图渲染：实际上就是将模型数据封装到HttpServletRequest对象中（request域）
protected void exposeModelAsRequestAttributes(Map<String, Object> model, HttpServletRequest request) throws Exception { for (Map.Entry<String, Object> entry : model.entrySet()) { String modelName = entry.getKey(); Object modelValue = entry.getValue(); if (modelValue != null) { request.setAttribute(modelName, modelValue); if (logger.isDebugEnabled()) { logger.debug("Added model object '" + modelName + "' of type [" + modelValue.getClass().getName() + "] to request in view with name '" + getBeanName() + "'"); } } else { request.removeAttribute(modelName); if (logger.isDebugEnabled()) { logger.debug("Removed model object '" + modelName + "' from request in view with name '" + getBeanName() + "'"); } } }
