Java学习之DBUtils
DBUtils:只是帮我们简化了CRUD 的代码。数据库连接的创建以及获取工作,不在其工作范围
一、DBUtils应用
①、DBUtils的jar文件的下载
http://commons.apache.org/proper/commons-dbutils/download_dbutils.cgi
②、Sql Server 、C3P0、DBUtils环境搭建(导入相应jar文件)
Sql Server :sqljdbc42.jar(JDBC驱动)
C3P0:c3p0-0.9.5.5.jar,mchange-commons-java-0.2.19.jar,c3p0-config.xml文件
DBUtilts:commons-dbutils-1.7.jar
③、增删改
QueryRunner queryRunner = new QueryRunner(new ComboPooledDataSource()); //增加 queryRunner.update("insert into account values (null , ? , ? )", "aa" ,1000); //删除 queryRunner.update("delete from account where id = ?", 5); //更新 queryRunner.update("update account set money = ? where id = ?", 10000000 , 6);
④、查询
1、直接new ResultSetHandler接口的匿名实现类
public void testMain() { ComboPooledDataSource dataSource = new ComboPooledDataSource(); QueryRunner runner = new QueryRunner(dataSource); try { Account result = runner.query("Select * from account where id =?", new ResultSetHandler<Account>() { @Override public Account handle(ResultSet rs) throws SQLException { Account account = new Account(); while (rs.next()) { account.setId(rs.getInt("Id")); account.setName(rs.getString("Name")); account.setMoney(rs.getBigDecimal("Money")); } return account; } }, 1); System.out.println(result.toString()); } catch (SQLException e) { e.printStackTrace(); } }
2、使用框架实现ResultSetHandler 接口的类
2.1、实现ResultSetHandler接口的类有:
BeanHandler, 查询到的单个数据封装成一个对象
BeanListHandler, 查询到的多个数据封装 成一个List<对象>
BeanListHandler, 查询到的多个数据封装 成一个List<对象>
这两个使用频率最高
ArrayHandler, 查询到的单个数据封装成一个数组
ArrayListHandler, 查询到的多个数据封装成一个集合 ,集合里面的元素是数组
ArrayListHandler, 查询到的多个数据封装成一个集合 ,集合里面的元素是数组
MapHandler, 查询到的单个数据封装成一个map
MapListHandler,查询到的多个数据封装成一个集合 ,集合里面的元素是map
ColumnListHandler
KeyedHandler
ScalarHandler(一个单元格--Select Count(1) from T_Name)
2.2、代码实现
2.2.1、查询单个对象
1 QueryRunner queryRunner = new QueryRunner(new ComboPooledDataSource()); 2 //查询单个对象 3 Account account = queryRunner.query("select * from account where id = ?", 4 new BeanHandler<Account>(Account.class), 8);
2.2.2、查询多个对象
1 QueryRunner queryRunner = new QueryRunner(new ComboPooledDataSource()); 2 List<Account> list = queryRunner.query("select * from account ", 3 new BeanListHandler<Account>(Account.class));
二、自定义DBUtils
Ⅰ、update方法
1 public int update(String sql, Object... args) { 2 Connection connection = null; 3 PreparedStatement ps = null; 4 int result = 0; 5 try { 6 connection = JDBCUtil.getConnection(); 7 ps = connection.prepareStatement(sql); 8 9 ParameterMetaData metaData = ps.getParameterMetaData(); 10 // 根据参数个数,循环给参数赋值 11 for (int i = 0; i < metaData.getParameterCount(); i++) { 12 ps.setObject(i + 1, args[i]); 13 } 14 15 result = ps.executeUpdate(); 16 } catch (SQLException e) { 17 18 e.printStackTrace(); 19 } finally { 20 21 } 22 return result; 23 }
Ⅱ、查询(query)
1、查询结果操作接口
1 //用于查询结果集,封装到指定类型对象中,并返回对象实例 2 public interface ResultSetHandler<T> { 3 T handle(ResultSet resultSet); 4 }
2、通用查询
1 public T query(String sql,ResultSetHandler<T> handler, Object... args) { 2 Connection connection = null; 3 PreparedStatement ps = null; 4 ResultSet resultSet=null; 5 try { 6 connection = JDBCUtil.getConnection(); 7 ps = connection.prepareStatement(sql); 8 9 ParameterMetaData metaData = ps.getParameterMetaData(); 10 // 根据参数个数,循环给参数赋值 11 for (int i = 0; i < metaData.getParameterCount(); i++) { 12 ps.setObject(i + 1, args[i]); 13 } 14 // 查询结果集 15 resultSet = ps.executeQuery(); 16 // 调用实现ResultSetHandler接口的类中handle方法 17 return handler.handle(resultSet); 18 } catch (SQLException e) { 19 20 e.printStackTrace(); 21 } finally { 22 23 } 24 return null; 25 }
3、调用自定义通用查询
1 public void testMain() { 2 Account account=CommonCRUDUtils.query("select * from account where id=?",new 3 ResultSetHandler<Account>() { 4 5 @Override 6 public Account handle(ResultSet resultSet) { 7 Account account = new Account(); 8 try { 9 if(resultSet.next()) { 10 account.setId(resultSet.getInt("Id")); 11 account.setName(resultSet.getString("Name")); 12 account.setMoney(resultSet.getBigDecimal("Money")); 13 return account; 14 } 15 } catch (SQLException e) { 16 17 e.printStackTrace(); 18 } 19 return null; 20 } 21 22 },3); 23 24 System.out.println(account.toString()); 25 }