Linux安装部署FTP服务器

　　本文章会将安装FTP服务器的步骤以及一些遇到的问题来记录下

　　因为项目中要与第三方对接数据，需要用到FTP服务器以提供他们每天上传数据，因为之前在本地的VMware虚拟机上部署过一次，这次则在天翼云上部署。

　　首先，我们执行安装命令：yum install -y vsftpd

　　执行后会自动下载，然后安装，如下：

Loaded plugins: fastestmirror, security
Determining fastest mirrors
 * base: mirrors.163.com
 * extras: mirrors.163.com
 * updates: mirrors.163.com
base                                                                                                                                                                                                                  | 3.7 kB     00:00     
extras                                                                                                                                                                                                                | 3.4 kB     00:00     
extras/primary_db                                                                                                                                                                                                     |  26 kB     00:00     
updates                                                                                                                                                                                                               | 3.4 kB     00:00     
updates/primary_db                                                                                                                                                                                                    | 1.9 MB     00:00     
Setting up Install Process
Resolving Dependencies
--> Running transaction check
---> Package vsftpd.x86_64 0:2.2.2-24.el6 will be installed
--> Finished Dependency Resolution

Dependencies Resolved

=============================================================================================================================================================================================================================================
 Package                                                 Arch                                                    Version                                                         Repository                                             Size
=============================================================================================================================================================================================================================================
Installing:
 vsftpd                                                  x86_64                                                  2.2.2-24.el6                                                    base                                                  156 k

Transaction Summary
=============================================================================================================================================================================================================================================
Install       1 Package(s)

Total download size: 156 k
Installed size: 340 k
Downloading Packages:
vsftpd-2.2.2-24.el6.x86_64.rpm                                                                                                                                                                                        | 156 kB     00:00     
Running rpm_check_debug
Running Transaction Test
Transaction Test Succeeded
Running Transaction
  Installing : vsftpd-2.2.2-24.el6.x86_64                                                                                                                                                                                                1/1 
  Verifying  : vsftpd-2.2.2-24.el6.x86_64                                                                                                                                                                                                1/1 

Installed:
  vsftpd.x86_64 0:2.2.2-24.el6                                                                                                                                                                                                               

Complete!

　　以上就代表安装成功了！

　　安装成功后我们进入FTP文件夹查看是否有问题，FTP在Linux上名称为 vsftpd ，默认安装在 /etc/vsftpd 目录下；

　　执行：命令，进入FTP文件夹中查看文件，会看有四个文件，如下：

-rw------- 1 root root  125 Mar 22  2017 ftpusers　　黑名单文件，此文件里的用户不允许访问 FTP 服务器
-rw------- 1 root root  361 Mar 22  2017 user_list　　白名单文件，是允许访问 FTP 服务器的用户列表
-rw------- 1 root root 4599 Mar 22  2017 vsftpd.conf 　核心配置文件
-rwxr--r-- 1 root root  338 Mar 22  2017 vsftpd_conf_migrate.sh　　FTP服务

　　安装完成之后先不要着急配置，我们先给Linux系统添加一个用户，一个登录FTP服务器的用户；

　　执行命令，创建一个 ftpuser 的用户，

　　执行命令，修改此用户的密码。

　　这里需要限制FTP登录的人数，我们进入 vsftpd 目录下的 user_list 中修改，如下：

# vsftpd userlist
# If userlist_deny=NO, only allow users in this file
# If userlist_deny=YES (default), never allow users in this file, and
# do not even prompt for a password.
# Note that the default vsftpd pam config also checks /etc/vsftpd/ftpusers
# for users that are denied.
root　　
ftpuser

　　user_list 里面的内容是能够登录FTP的用户列表，若是不想让其他用户登录，则删除该文件内的其他用户名，仅保留我们刚才创建的一个用户（root为系统管理员，若是不需要也可以删除）。

　　完成以上步骤我们接下来要配置 vsftpd.conf 这个核心文件，下面是该文件里的内容：

# Example config file /etc/vsftpd/vsftpd.conf
#
# The default compiled in settings are fairly paranoid. This sample file
# loosens things up a bit, to make the ftp daemon more usable.
# Please see vsftpd.conf.5 for all compiled in defaults.
#
# READ THIS: This example file is NOT an exhaustive list of vsftpd options.
# Please read the vsftpd.conf.5 manual page to get a full idea of vsftpd's
# capabilities.
#
# Allow anonymous FTP? (Beware - allowed by default if you comment this out).
anonymous_enable=YES
#
# Uncomment this to allow local users to log in.
local_enable=YES
#
# Uncomment this to enable any form of FTP write command.
write_enable=YES
#
# Default umask for local users is 077. You may wish to change this to 022,
# if your users expect that (022 is used by most other ftpd's)
local_umask=022
#
# Uncomment this to allow the anonymous FTP user to upload files. This only
# has an effect if the above global write enable is activated. Also, you will
# obviously need to create a directory writable by the FTP user.
#anon_upload_enable=YES
#
# Uncomment this if you want the anonymous FTP user to be able to create
# new directories.
#anon_mkdir_write_enable=YES
#
# Activate directory messages - messages given to remote users when they
# go into a certain directory.
dirmessage_enable=YES
#
# The target log file can be vsftpd_log_file or xferlog_file.
# This depends on setting xferlog_std_format parameter
xferlog_enable=YES
#
# Make sure PORT transfer connections originate from port 20 (ftp-data).
connect_from_port_20=YES
#
# If you want, you can arrange for uploaded anonymous files to be owned by
# a different user. Note! Using "root" for uploaded files is not
# recommended!
#chown_uploads=YES
#chown_username=whoever
#
# The name of log file when xferlog_enable=YES and xferlog_std_format=YES
# WARNING - changing this filename affects /etc/logrotate.d/vsftpd.log
#xferlog_file=/var/log/xferlog
#
# Switches between logging into vsftpd_log_file and xferlog_file files.
# NO writes to vsftpd_log_file, YES to xferlog_file
xferlog_std_format=YES
#
# You may change the default value for timing out an idle session.
#idle_session_timeout=600
#
# You may change the default value for timing out a data connection.
#data_connection_timeout=120
#
# It is recommended that you define on your system a unique user which the
# ftp server can use as a totally isolated and unprivileged user.
#nopriv_user=ftpsecure
#
# Enable this and the server will recognise asynchronous ABOR requests. Not
# recommended for security (the code is non-trivial). Not enabling it,

　　此配置我们仅需要修改一个地方，就是匿名用户登录的时候将其禁止，然后指定FTP根目录就行了，其他的也可以自行查找网上的一些方式来配置。

　　修改：改为 NO，禁止匿名用户访问。