APPIUM API整理(python)---操作类

前言:android手机大家都很熟悉,操作有按键、触摸、点击、滑动等,各种操作方法可以通过api的方法来实现。

参考博文:http://blog.csdn.net/bear_w/article/details/50330565

1.click

click(self):

Clicks the element(点击元素 )

用法 element.click()

driver.find_element_by_id('com.huawei.camera:id/shutter_button').click()  

2.shake

shake(self):

Shake the device(摇一摇手机 )
用法 driver.shake()

driver.shake() 

3.close

close(self):

Closes the current window(关闭当前窗口 )
用法 driver.close()

driver.close()

4.quit

quit(self):

Quits the driver and closes every associated window(退出脚本运行并关闭每个相关的窗口连接 )
用法 driver.quit()

driver.quit()   

 5.size

size(self):

The size of the element【获取元素的大小(高和宽)】
new_size["height"] = size["height"]
new_size["width"] = size["width"]
用法 driver.element.size

driver.get_window_size()['width']
driver.get_window_size()['height']
 函数的写法
#创建一个size方法获取手机屏幕大小x,y的函数def getSize():
x = driver.get_window_size()['width']
y = driver.get_window_size()['height']
return (x, y)
#调取函数
w_size=getSize()

6. swipe

swipe(self, start_x, start_y, end_x, end_y, duration=None):

用法 driver.swipe(x1,y1,x2,y2,500)

Swipe from one point to another point, for an optional duration(从A点滑动至B点,滑动时间为毫秒)
:Args: - start_x - x-coordinate at which to start (滑动起点x坐标)
- start_y - y-coordinate at which to start(滑动起点y坐标)
- end_x - x-coordinate at which to stop(滑动终点x坐标)
- end_y - y-coordinate at which to stop(滑动终点y坐标)
- duration - (optional) time to take the swipe, in ms.(滑动时间设定,单位ms,默认5ms)
:Usage: driver.swipe(start_x, start_y, end_x, end_y,duration)

swipe方法需要确定滑动的起点和终点坐标,由于不同手机的分辨率有可能不同,如果指定一个固定的坐标,在其他手机上不一定适用,所以最好结合上面的size方法来获取手机屏幕大小,使用相对坐标定位滑动。
android系统的坐标系,左上角是坐标原点,水平方向是x轴,垂直方向是y轴,如 下面代码是结合size方法对四个方向滑动举例:

#size方法获取屏幕大小
def getSize():
x = driver.get_window_size()['width']
y = driver.get_window_size()['height']
return (x, y)

#屏幕向上滑动,x轴不变,y轴从大变小
def swipeUp(t):
w_size = getSize()
x1 = int(w_size[0] * 0.5) #获取x坐标,根据实际调整相乘参数 <br> y1 = int(w_size[1] * 0.8) #获取起始y坐标,根据实际调整相乘参数 <br> y2 = int(w_size[1] * 0.2) #获取终点y坐标,根据实际调整相乘参数
driver.swipe(x1, y1, x1, y2,t)

#屏幕向下滑动,x轴不变,y轴从小变大
def swipeDown(t):
w_size = getSize()
x1 = int(w_size[0] * 0.5) #获取x坐标,根据实际调整相乘参数
y1 = int(w_size[1] * 0.2) #获取起始y坐标,根据实际调整相乘参数
y2 = int(w_size[1] * 0.8) #获取终点y坐标,根据实际调整相乘参数
driver.swipe(x1, y1, x1, y2,t)

#屏幕向左滑动,y轴不变,x轴从大变小<br>def swipeLeft(t):
w_size = getSize()
x1 = int(w_size[0] * 0.8) #获取起始x坐标,根据实际调整相乘参数
x2 = int(w_size[0] * 0.05) #获取终点x坐标,根据实际调整相乘参数<br> y1 = int(w_size[1] * 0.5) #获取y坐标,根据实际调整相乘参数<br> driver.swipe(x1,y1,x2,y1,t)

#屏幕向右滑动,y轴不变,x轴从小变大
def swipeRight(t):
w_size = getSize()<br> x1 = int(w_size[0] * 0.05) #获取起始x坐标,根据实际调整相乘参数<br> x2 = int(w_size[0] * 0.8) #获取终点x坐标,根据实际调整相乘参数<br> y1 = int(w_size[1] * 0.5) #获取y坐标,根据实际调整相乘参数<br> driver.swipe(x1,y1,x2,y1,t)<br>
#调用向上滑动,滑动时间参数为500ms
swipeUp(500)
sleep(2)<br>#调用向下滑动,滑动时间参数为500ms
swipeDown(500)<br>sleep(2)
#调用向左滑动,滑动时间参数为500ms
swipeLeft(500)
sleep(2)
#调用向右滑动,滑动时间参数为500ms
swipeRight(500) 

7.flick

flick(self, start_x, start_y, end_x, end_y):

driver,flick(start_x,start_y,end_x,end_y)

Flick from one point to another point(按住A点后快速滑动至B点)
:Args: - start_x - x-coordinate at which to start(滑动起点x坐标)
- start_y - y-coordinate at which to start(滑动起点y坐标) - end_x - x-coordinate at which to stop(滑动终点x坐标)
- end_y - y-coordinate at which to stop(滑动终点y坐标)
:Usage: driver.flick(100, 100, 100, 400)

flick方法和swipe方法一样需要确定起点和终点坐标,只是没有时间参数,相对坐标的获取可以参考swipe方法
大概坐标的快速滑动:driver.flick(100,100,100,600)

结合size方法的快速滑动:

#size方法获取屏幕大小
def getSize():
x = driver.get_window_size()['width']
y = driver.get_window_size()['height']
return (x, y)

#快速向上滑动,x轴不变,y轴从大变小
def flickUp():
w_size = getSize()
x1 = int(w_size[0] * 0.5) #获取x坐标,根据实际调整相乘参数 
y1 = int(w_size[1] * 0.8) #获取起始y坐标,根据实际调整相乘参数 
y2 = int(w_size[1] * 0.2) #获取终点y坐标,根据实际调整相乘参数
driver.flick(x1, y1, x1, y2)

#调用快速向上滑动
flickUp()  

8. keyevent

keyevent(self, keycode, metastate=None):

用法 driver.keyevent(‘4’)

Sends a keycode to the device. Android only. Possible keycodes can be found in http://developer.android.com/reference/android/view/KeyEvent.html【发送按键码(安卓仅有),按键码可以上网址中找到 】
:Args:
- keycode - the keycode to be sent to the device
- metastate - meta information about the keycode being sent 

keyevent方法直接发送按键码就可了,如返回键操作

下面是按键码列表

电话键

 KEYCODE_CALL (拨号键) : 5
 KEYCODE_ENDCALL (挂机键) : 6
 KEYCODE_HOME (按键Home) : 3
 KEYCODE_MENU (菜单键) : 82
 KEYCODE_BACK (返回键) : 4
 KEYCODE_SEARCH (搜索键) : 84
 KEYCODE_CAMERA (拍照键) : 27
 KEYCODE_FOCUS (拍照对焦键) :80
 KEYCODE_POWER (电源键) : 26
 KEYCODE_NOTIFICATION (通知键) : 83
 KEYCODE_MUTE (话筒静音键) : 91
 KEYCODE_VOLUME_MUTE (扬声器静音键) : 164
 KEYCODE_VOLUME_UP (音量增加键) : 24
 KEYCODE_VOLUME_DOWN (音量减小键) : 25
 控制键
 KEYCODE_ENTER (回车键) : 66
 KEYCODE_ESCAPE (ESC键) : 111
 KEYCODE_DPAD_CENTER (导航键 确定键) : 23
 KEYCODE_DPAD_UP (导航键 向上) : 19
 KEYCODE_DPAD_DOWN (导航键 向下) : 20
 KEYCODE_DPAD_LEFT (导航键 向左) : 21
 KEYCODE_DPAD_RIGHT (导航键 向右) : 22
 KEYCODE_MOVE_HOME (光标移动到开始键) : 122
 KEYCODE_MOVE_END (光标移动到末尾键) : 123
 KEYCODE_PAGE_UP (向上翻页键) : 92
 KEYCODE_PAGE_DOWN (向下翻页键) : 93
 KEYCODE_DEL (退格键) : 67
 KEYCODE_FORWARD_DEL (删除键) : 112
 KEYCODE_INSERT (插入键) : 124
 KEYCODE_TAB (Tab键) : 61
 KEYCODE_NUM_LOCK (小键盘锁) : 143
 KEYCODE_CAPS_LOCK (大写锁定键) : 115
 KEYCODE_BREAK (Break/Pause键) : 121
 KEYCODE_SCROLL_LOCK (滚动锁定键) : 116
 KEYCODE_ZOOM_IN (放大键) : 168
 KEYCODE_ZOOM_OUT (缩小键) : 169
 基本
 KEYCODE_0 (按键'0') : 7
 KEYCODE_1 (按键'1') : 8
 KEYCODE_2 (按键'2') : 9
 KEYCODE_3 (按键'3') : 10
 KEYCODE_4 (按键'4') : 11
 KEYCODE_5 (按键'5') : 12
 KEYCODE_6 (按键'6') : 13
 KEYCODE_7 (按键'7') : 14
 KEYCODE_8 (按键'8') : 15
 KEYCODE_9 (按键'9') : 16
 KEYCODE_A (按键'A') : 29
 KEYCODE_B (按键'B') : 30
 KEYCODE_C (按键'C') : 31
 KEYCODE_D (按键'D') : 32
 KEYCODE_E (按键'E')  : 33
 KEYCODE_F (按键'F')  : 34
 KEYCODE_G (按键'G') : 35
 KEYCODE_H (按键'H') : 36
 KEYCODE_I  (按键'I' ) : 37
 KEYCODE_J  (按键'J')  : 38
 KEYCODE_K (按键'K')  : 39
 KEYCODE_L (按键'L' )  : 40
 KEYCODE_M (按键'M') : 41
 KEYCODE_N (按键'N')  : 42
 KEYCODE_O (按键'O')  : 43
 KEYCODE_P (按键'P')   : 44
 KEYCODE_Q (按键'Q')  : 45
 KEYCODE_R (按键'R' )  : 46
 KEYCODE_S (按键'S')   : 47
 KEYCODE_T (按键'T')    : 48
 KEYCODE_U (按键'U')   : 49
 KEYCODE_V (按键'V')   : 50
 KEYCODE_W (按键'W')  : 51
 KEYCODE_X (按键'X')    : 52
 KEYCODE_Y (按键'Y')    : 53
 KEYCODE_Z (按键'Z')    : 54 

9.send_keys

send_keys(self, *value):

用法 driver.element.send_keys(“中英”)

Simulates typing into the element【在元素中模拟输入(开启appium自带的输入法并配置了appium输入法后,可以输入中英文)】

:Args:

- value - A string for typing, or setting form fields. For setting file inputs, this could be a local file path.

      Use this to send simple key events or to fill out form fields::

      form_textfield = driver.find_element_by_name('username')

      form_textfield.send_keys("admin") This can also be used to set file inputs.
file_input = driver.find_element_by_name('profilePic')

      file_input.send_keys("path/to/profilepic.gif")

      # Generally it's better to wrap the file path in one of the methods

      # in os.path to return the actual path to support cross OS testing.

      # file_input.send_keys(os.path.abspath("path/to/profilepic.gif"))

send_keys方法需要在配置Capabilities信息时打开模拟键盘unicodeKeyboard与resetKeyboard,如下面代码举例:

from appium import webdriver
import time
desired_caps = {
               'platformName' : 'Android',
               'deviceName' : '76P4C15813005463',
               'platformVersion' : '5.1',
               #测试apk包名
               'appPackage' : 'com.huawei.android.launcher',
               #测试apk的launcherActivity
               'appActivity' : '.Launcher',
               #打开模拟键盘                       
               'unicodeKeyboard' : True ,
               'resetKeyboard' : True,
               }
#进入android系统launcher
driver = webdriver.Remote('http://127.0.0.1:4723/wd/hub',desired_caps)
time.sleep(5)
#进入应用市场
driver.find_element_by_xpath("//android.widget.TextView[contains(@text,'应用市场)]").click()
#使用模拟键盘输入'今日头条'    
driver.find_element_by_id('com.huawei.appmarket:id/search_edit_text_view').send_keys(u"今日头条")
driver.find_element_by_id('com.huawei.appmarket:id/search_icon_view').click()
time.sleep(5)
driver.quit() 

10. press_keycode

press_keycode(self, keycode, metastate=None):

用法 driver.press_ keycode(‘4’)

Sends a keycode to the device. Android only. Possible keycodes can be found in http://developer.android.com/reference/android/view/KeyEvent.html.
发送按键码(安卓仅有),按键码可以上网址中找到
    :Args:
     - keycode - the keycode to be sent to the device
     - metastate - meta information about the keycode being sent
dr.keyevent(‘4’)与driver.press_ keycode(‘4’) 功能实现上一样的,都是按了返回键

11. long_press_keycode

long_press_keycode(self, keycode, metastate=None):

用法 driver.long_press_keycode(‘4’)

Sends a long press of keycode to the device. Android only. Possible keycodes can be
    found in http://developer.android.com/reference/android/view/KeyEvent.html.
    发送一个长按的按键码(长按某键)
    :Args:
     - keycode - the keycode to be sent to the device
     - metastate - meta information about the keycode being sent

12.tap

tap(self, positions, duration=None):

用法 driver.tap([(x,y),(x1,y1)],500)

Taps on an particular place with up to five fingers, holding for a certain time 【模拟手指点击(最多五个手指),可设置按住时间长度(毫秒)】
:Args:
     - positions - an array of tuples representing the x/y coordinates of the fingers to tap. Length can be up to five.
     - duration - (optional) length of time to tap, in ms
  :Usage: driver.tap([(100, 20), (100, 60), (100, 100)], 500)
当控件无法获取时,那我们就可以使用坐标用tap方法做点击操作,而且tap方法可以用于多点点击。
driver.tap([(
300,500)],10)

13.zoom

zoom(self, element=None, percent=200, steps=50):

用法 driver.zoom(element)

Zooms in on an element a certain amount (在元素上执行放大操作)
:Args:
     - element - the element to zoom
     - percent - (optional) amount to zoom. Defaults to 200%  
 :Usage: driver.zoom(element)

zoom方法用来模拟手机上的放大操作,主要是要确定element,具体例子和下面pinch方法一起讲。

el=driver.find_element_by_class_name('android.widget.RelativeLayout') driver.zoom(el,150,30) #percent参数和steps可以不写,不写保持默认数值  

14.pinch

pinch(self, element=None, percent=200, steps=50):

用法 driver.pinch(element)

Pinch on an element a certain amount 在元素上执行模拟双指捏(缩小操作)
:Args:

      - element - the element to pinch
      - percent - (optional) amount to pinch. Defaults to 200%
      - steps - (optional) number of steps in the pinch action
:Usage: driver.pinch(element)

pinch方法用来模拟手机上的缩小操作,主要是要确定element,下面举例进入图库查看图片时放大和缩小图片,使用uiautomatorviewer.bat工具来定位元素。

(1)进入图库,如下图所示,图库控件text是唯一的,所以我们采用by_name方法获取元素。

driver.find_element_by_name('图库')

(2)选择图库的一个文件夹,如下图所示,选择杂志锁屏,由于该元素text也是唯一的,所以使用by_name方法获取控件元素。

driver.find_element_by_name('杂志锁屏')

(3)选择一张图片,所下图所示,下面图片是一个整的布局,没有单独分开的控件元素,所以我们只能选择使用tap方法点击屏幕。

driver.tap([(300,500)],50) 

(4)放大和缩小图片,如下图所示,整个图片是一个布局,而且只有class信息,由于放大和缩小需要获得element,所以我们使用class_name的

方法获取整个布局作为元素。

el=driver.find_element_by_class_name('android.widget.RelativeLayout')
   driver.zoom(el)
   driver.pinch(el,200,50)

上面操作的具体脚本如下

from appium import webdriver
import time
desired_caps = {
               'platformName' : 'Android',
               'deviceName' : '76P4C15813005463',
               'platformVersion' : '5.1',
               #测试apk包名
               'appPackage' : 'com.huawei.android.launcher',
               #测试apk的launcherActivity
               'appActivity' : '.Launcher',
               }
#进入android系统launcher
driver = webdriver.Remote('http://127.0.0.1:4723/wd/hub',desired_caps)
time.sleep(5)
#进入图库
driver.find_element_by_name('图库').click()
driver.find_element_by_name('杂志锁屏').click()
driver.tap([(300,500)],50)
time.sleep(1)
el=driver.find_element_by_class_name('android.widget.RelativeLayout')
#放大图片
driver.zoom(el)
time.sleep(5)
#缩小图片
driver.pinch(el,200,50)
time.sleep(5)
driver.quit()   

15.scroll

scroll(self, origin_el, destination_el):

用法 :driver.scroll(el1,el2)

Scrolls from one element to another
从元素origin_el滚动至元素destination_el
:Args:
     - originalEl - the element from which to being scrolling
     - destinationEl - the element to scroll to
:Usage:
    driver.scroll(el1, el2)

16. drag_and_drop

drag_and_drop(self, origin_el, destination_el):

用法 :driver.drag_and_drop()

Drag the origin element to the destination element
    将元素origin_el拖到目标元素destination_el
    :Args:
     - originEl - the element to drag
     - destinationEl - the element to drag to

17. hide_keyboard

hide_keyboard(self, key_name=None, key=None, strategy=None):

用法 :driver.hide_keyboard()

Hides the software keyboard on the device. In iOS, use `key_name` to press a particular key, or `strategy`. In Android, no parameters are used.
    隐藏键盘,iOS使用key_name隐藏,安卓不使用参数
    :Args:
     - key_name - key to press
     - strategy - strategy for closing the keyboard (e.g., `tapOutside`)

17.lock

lock(self, seconds):

用法 :driver.lock()

Lock the device for a certain period of time. iOS only.
    锁屏一段时间  iOS专有
    :Args:
     - the duration to lock the device, in seconds

18.contexts

contexts(self):

用法 :driver.contexts()

Returns the contexts within the current session.
    返回当前会话中的上下文,使用后可以识别H5页面的控件
:Usage:
      driver.contexts

19. current_context

current_context(self):

用法 :driver.current_context()

Returns the current context of the current session.
返回当前会话的当前上下文
:Usage:
     driver.current_context 

 








posted @ 2017-09-26 23:11  小白爷  阅读(1428)  评论(0编辑  收藏  举报