python课堂作业

p211-1

f = open('p211-1.txt', 'a+')

for row in range(1, 10):
    for col in range(1, row+1):
        print(row, "*", col, "=", row*col,  end="  ", file=f)
    print(" ", file=f)
f.close()

p211-3

import xlwt
workbook = xlwt.Workbook()
worksheet = workbook.add_sheet('sheet')
worksheet.write(2, 2, '我喜欢编程')
workbook.save('p211-3.xls')

p242-1

class circle:
    def __init__(self, bj):
        self.bj = bj
        self.pi = 3.14159265

    def circumference(self):
        return float(self.bj*2*self.pi)

    def area(self):
        return float(self.bj*self.bj*self.pi)

for i in range(1, 11):
    cir = circle(i)
    print("半径为%d的圆:面积: %0.2f 周长: %0.2f" % (i, cir.area(), cir.circumference()))

p302-1

import tkinter as tk
import tkinter.messagebox

def bindFun():
    tkinter.messagebox.showinfo("测试", "hello!world")

top = tk.Tk()
top.geometry('250x100')
top.title('按钮')
button1 = tk.Button(top, text='测试', command=bindFun)
button1.pack()
top.mainloop()

p302-2

import tkinter as tk
import tkinter.messagebox

def get():
    s1 = e1.get()
    s2 = e2.get()
    if (s1 == 'admin' and s2 == 'admin'):
        tk.messagebox.showinfo("登录结果", "登录成功")
    else:
        tk.messagebox.showinfo("登录结果", "用户名或账号错误")

top = tk.Tk()
top.geometry('200x100')
top.title('登录')
tk.Label(top, text='账号').grid(row=0)
tk.Label(top, text='密码').grid(row=1)
e1 = tk.Entry(top)
e2 = tk.Entry(top, show='*')
s1 = e1.get()
s2 = e2.get()
e1.grid(row=0, column=1)
e2.grid(row=1, column=1)
b1 = tk.Button(top, text='登录', command=get)
b1.grid(row=3)
b2 = tk.Button(top, text='退出', command=top.quit)
b2.grid(row=3, column=1)

top.mainloop()

p302-5

import tkinter as tk

def create_btn(text,col,row,cs,rs,px=(1,1),py=(1,1)):   #函数生成按钮
    t=text
    t=t.replace('×','*')
    t=t.replace('÷','/')
    t=t.replace('x²','**2')
    t=t.replace('1/x','**(-1)')
    a=tk.Button(root,text=text,width=4,command=lambda:(text_print(t)))
    a.grid(column=col,row=row,columnspan=cs,rowspan=rs,padx=px,pady=py,sticky='nswe')
    return(a)

def grid_rowconfigure(*rows):   #函数填充行
    for i in rows:
        root.grid_rowconfigure(i,weight=1)
        
def grid_columnconfigure(*cols):    #函数填充列
    for i in cols:
        root.grid_columnconfigure(i,weight=1)

def bind_print(event):  #函数键盘事件输入算式
    global textchange,equal_is
    if event.keysym!='Return':
        if event.keysym=='BackSpace':
            a=str(textchange)[0:-1]
            textchange=a
        elif event.keysym=='Delete':
            textchange=''
        else:
            textchange=str(textchange)+str(event.char)
        la.configure(text=textchange)
        show_is()
        equal_is=False
    else:
        text_equal()

def text_print(x):  #函数按钮输入算式
    global textchange,equal_is
    if x!='=':
        if x=='←':
            a=str(textchange)[0:-1]
            textchange=a
        elif x=='C':
            textchange=''
        else:
            textchange=str(textchange)+str(x)
        la.configure(text=textchange)
        show_is()
        equal_is=False
    if x=='=':
        text_equal()
    
def text_equal(event=None):   #函数计算结果并上到输入框
    global textchange,equal_is
    if lab['text']!='错误' and equal_is==False:
        textchange=lab['text']
        la.configure(text=textchange)
        lab.configure(text='')
        equal_is=True

def show_is():     #显示框内容
    global textchange
    if textchange!='':
        try:
            textshow=eval(textchange)
        except (SyntaxError,TypeError,NameError):
            lab.configure(text='错误')
        else:
            lab.configure(text=textshow)
    else:
        lab.configure(text='')

root=tk.Tk()        #创建窗体
root.geometry('250x350')
root.title('计算器')
root.bind('<Key>',bind_print)

equal_is=False      #一些变量
textchange=''

la=tk.Label(root,text='',bg='white',fg='black',font=('宋体',24),anchor='w',relief='flat')  #生成输入框
la.grid(column=0,row=0,columnspan=5,rowspan=1,sticky='we')

lab=tk.Label(root,bg='white',fg='grey',height=1,font=('宋体',22),anchor='w',relief='flat')    #生成显示框
lab.grid(column=0,row=1,columnspan=5,rowspan=1,sticky='we')

btn={}                                  #生成按钮
btn['1']=create_btn('1',0,5,1,1)
btn['2']=create_btn('2',1,5,1,1)
btn['3']=create_btn('3',2,5,1,1)
btn['4']=create_btn('4',0,4,1,1)
btn['5']=create_btn('5',1,4,1,1)
btn['6']=create_btn('6',2,4,1,1)
btn['7']=create_btn('7',0,3,1,1)
btn['8']=create_btn('8',1,3,1,1)
btn['9']=create_btn('9',2,3,1,1)
btn['0']=create_btn('0',0,6,2,1)

btn['.']=create_btn('.',2,6,1,1)
btn['=']=create_btn('=',4,5,1,2)
btn['+']=create_btn('+',3,6,1,1)
btn['-']=create_btn('-',3,5,1,1)
btn['*']=create_btn('×',3,4,1,1)
btn['/']=create_btn('÷',4,4,1,1)
btn['←']=create_btn('←',1,2,1,1)

btn['C']=create_btn('C',2,2,1,1)
btn['(']=create_btn('(',3,2,1,1)
btn[')']=create_btn(')',4,2,1,1)
btn['**2']=create_btn('x²',3,3,1,1)
btn['**(-1)']=create_btn('1/x',4,3,1,1)

grid_rowconfigure(2,3,4,5,6)
grid_columnconfigure(0,1,2,3,4)

root.mainloop()

练习1

输入正整数n，求n的阶乘，并捕获输入数字格式异常。另外，自定义异常类，当用户输入的值小于等于零时，抛出并捕获自定义异常

while 1:
    fg = 1
    num = 0
    sum = 1
    try:
        num = int(input("输入一个正整数"))

        if num <= 0:
            raise ValueError
    except NameError:
        print("输入有误")
        fg = 0
    except ValueError:
        print("输入有误")
        fg = 0
    if fg == 1:
        sum = 1
        for i in range(1, num+1, 1):
            sum = sum*i
        print(sum)

练习2

自行设计一个实例并编写程序实现类的继承与组合。

(1)父类要包含初始化方法、至少三个实例属性、一个类属性和两个普通方法。

(2)子类要能继承两个父类，至少包含两个不同类的对象作为属性，至少重写一个父类方法和一个父类属性。子类应包含初始化方法和至少两个普通方法，其中一个用于打印子类的所有属性取值。

(3)编写主程序，产生子类的实例，并测试子类的功能

class car():
    def __init__(self, type, number, people):
        self.type = type
        self.number = number
        self.people = people

    def type_in(self):
        return self.type

    def number_in(self):
        return self.number

    def people(self):
        return self.people

    def show(self):
        print('车牌号为 %s 的 %s' % (self.number, self.type))


class notion():
    def __init__(self, what, where, num):
        self.what = what
        self.where = where
        self.num = num

    def what_in(self):
        return self.what

    def where_in(self):
        return self.where

    def num_in(self):
        return self.num

    def show1(self):
        print(self.num)

    def message(self):
        fig = self.num
        if (fig == 1):
            car1.show()
            print('在 %s %s 扣6分' % (self.where, self.what))
        else:
            car1.show()
            print('在 %s %s 扣2分' % (self.where, self.what))


class demo(car, notion):
    def __init__(self, type, number, people, what, where, num):
        car.__init__(self, type, number, people)
        notion.__init__(self, what, where, num)

    def showall(self):
        self.message()


car2 = demo('汽车', '鲁Q654321', '3', '不礼让行人', '二号街道', '2')
car2.showall()