SQL存储过程显然是非常强大的,.NET也支持对存储过程的调用,自己尝试着写了个小Sample,因为在SQL的学习中,只是笔记一篇。
环境:WindowXP SP2, VS2005, SQL2005
假定在SQL server上已经存在了NWind数据库,同时有如下的存储过程:(存储过程的功能是根据输入的起始日期和结束日期,返回这个时间段内的销售记录和总销售值,并非本文重点)
1set ANSI_NULLS ON
2set QUOTED_IDENTIFIER ON
3go
4
5
6-- =============================================
7-- Author: <Vitoria Tang>
8-- Create date: <2006.0804>
9-- Description: <It is a sample procedure for get sales record as specific datetime>
10-- =============================================
11ALTER PROCEDURE [dbo].[User_SalesByYear]
12 -- Input parameters: Begin date, End date
13 @BeginDate datetime , @EndDate datetime, @Price int = 0 OUTPUT
14AS
15BEGIN
16 --declare @Price money
17 CREATE TABLE #TempTable
18 (ID int not null, ProductName nvarchar(40) not null, Price money not null)
19
20 INSERT INTO #TempTable(ID, ProductName, Price)
21 SELECT Orders.OrderID, Products.ProductName, [Order Details].UnitPrice * [Order Details].Discount
22 FROM Orders, Products, [Order Details]
23 WHERE (
24 ((Orders.ShippedDate) Is Not Null And
25 (Orders.ShippedDate) Between @BeginDate And @EndDate)
26 AND
27 (Orders.OrderID = [Order Details].OrderID AND [Order Details].ProductID = Products.ProductID)
28 );
29
30 Select * from #TempTable
31
32 Select @Price = sum(Price) from [#TempTable]
33 Print @Price
34 return (@Price)
35END
36
2set QUOTED_IDENTIFIER ON
3go
4
5
6-- =============================================
7-- Author: <Vitoria Tang>
8-- Create date: <2006.0804>
9-- Description: <It is a sample procedure for get sales record as specific datetime>
10-- =============================================
11ALTER PROCEDURE [dbo].[User_SalesByYear]
12 -- Input parameters: Begin date, End date
13 @BeginDate datetime , @EndDate datetime, @Price int = 0 OUTPUT
14AS
15BEGIN
16 --declare @Price money
17 CREATE TABLE #TempTable
18 (ID int not null, ProductName nvarchar(40) not null, Price money not null)
19
20 INSERT INTO #TempTable(ID, ProductName, Price)
21 SELECT Orders.OrderID, Products.ProductName, [Order Details].UnitPrice * [Order Details].Discount
22 FROM Orders, Products, [Order Details]
23 WHERE (
24 ((Orders.ShippedDate) Is Not Null And
25 (Orders.ShippedDate) Between @BeginDate And @EndDate)
26 AND
27 (Orders.OrderID = [Order Details].OrderID AND [Order Details].ProductID = Products.ProductID)
28 );
29
30 Select * from #TempTable
31
32 Select @Price = sum(Price) from [#TempTable]
33 Print @Price
34 return (@Price)
35END
36
Sample界面:
首先建立与数据库的连接:
1private System.Data.SqlClient.SqlConnection _connection = null;
2private void InitializeSource()
3{
4 //’Server name’需要根据自己的实际SqlServer的机器名填上哦
5 string connetctStr = "Data Source=’Server name’;Initial Catalog=NWind;Integrated Security=True";
6 if( _connection == null)
7 _connection = new System.Data.SqlClient.SqlConnection(connetctStr);
8}
9
2private void InitializeSource()
3{
4 //’Server name’需要根据自己的实际SqlServer的机器名填上哦
5 string connetctStr = "Data Source=’Server name’;Initial Catalog=NWind;Integrated Security=True";
6 if( _connection == null)
7 _connection = new System.Data.SqlClient.SqlConnection(connetctStr);
8}
9
其次创建执行存储过程的SqlCommand,当然前后需要打开和关闭数据库连接,调用存储过程需要给SqlCommand的CommandType属性赋值为CommandType.StoredProcedure,我们的存储过程是有输入和输出参数的,那么在添加到SqlCommand.Prameters集合中就可以了。如果是输出参数,设置SqlParameter实例的Direction值就可以了,该属性默认值为Input,所以不设置的话,在执行完后,得不到输出值哦。具体参见下面的代码。
1private SqlCommand GetCommand(object sender, EventArgs e)
2{
3 // User_SalesByYear是存储过程的名字
4 string cmdText = "User_SalesByYear";
5 SqlCommand executeCmd = new SqlCommand();
6 executeCmd.Connection = _connection;
7 // 指出executeCmd是执行存储过程
8 executeCmd.CommandType = CommandType.StoredProcedure;
9 executeCmd.CommandText = cmdText;
10 // 看上面的存储过程,因为是有三个输入参数,我们需要给填到SqlCommand.Parameters集合中
11 // 参数一:BeginDate
12 SqlParameter parameter = new SqlParameter( "@BeginDate", SqlDbType.DateTime);
13 parameter.Value = new DateTime( 1995, 1,1);
14 executeCmd.Parameters.Add(parameter);
15 // 参数二:EndDate
16 parameter = new SqlParameter("@EndDate", SqlDbType.DateTime);
17 parameter.Value = new DateTime(1995, 12, 30);
18 executeCmd.Parameters.Add(parameter);
19 // 参数三:Price,这是个输出参数,需要指明参数方向,否则存储过程的输出值不会写到参数中来
20 parameter = new SqlParameter("@Price", 0);
21 parameter.Direction = ParameterDirection.InputOutput;
22 executeCmd.Parameters.Add(parameter);
23 return executeCmd;
24}
25
2{
3 // User_SalesByYear是存储过程的名字
4 string cmdText = "User_SalesByYear";
5 SqlCommand executeCmd = new SqlCommand();
6 executeCmd.Connection = _connection;
7 // 指出executeCmd是执行存储过程
8 executeCmd.CommandType = CommandType.StoredProcedure;
9 executeCmd.CommandText = cmdText;
10 // 看上面的存储过程,因为是有三个输入参数,我们需要给填到SqlCommand.Parameters集合中
11 // 参数一:BeginDate
12 SqlParameter parameter = new SqlParameter( "@BeginDate", SqlDbType.DateTime);
13 parameter.Value = new DateTime( 1995, 1,1);
14 executeCmd.Parameters.Add(parameter);
15 // 参数二:EndDate
16 parameter = new SqlParameter("@EndDate", SqlDbType.DateTime);
17 parameter.Value = new DateTime(1995, 12, 30);
18 executeCmd.Parameters.Add(parameter);
19 // 参数三:Price,这是个输出参数,需要指明参数方向,否则存储过程的输出值不会写到参数中来
20 parameter = new SqlParameter("@Price", 0);
21 parameter.Direction = ParameterDirection.InputOutput;
22 executeCmd.Parameters.Add(parameter);
23 return executeCmd;
24}
25
本文的示例是用SqlDataAdapter来填充了DataSet并把它显示在DataGridView control上,所以接下来,打开数据库连接创建SqlDataAdapter,并填充DataSet吧.
1private void button1_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
2{
3 _connection.Open();
4 SqlDataAdapter adapter = new SqlDataAdapter();
5 adapter.SelectCommand = executeCmd;
6
7 DataSet source = new DataSet();
8 adapter.Fill(source);
9 // 输出存储过程的输出参数到Output window看看吧
10 Console.WriteLine(executeCmd.Parameters[2].Value);
11 this.dataGridView1.DataSource = source.Tables[0];
12 _connection.Close();
13}
14
2{
3 _connection.Open();
4 SqlDataAdapter adapter = new SqlDataAdapter();
5 adapter.SelectCommand = executeCmd;
6
7 DataSet source = new DataSet();
8 adapter.Fill(source);
9 // 输出存储过程的输出参数到Output window看看吧
10 Console.WriteLine(executeCmd.Parameters[2].Value);
11 this.dataGridView1.DataSource = source.Tables[0];
12 _connection.Close();
13}
14