java之spring mvc之helloworld
这篇主要讲解springmvc的基本的使用,这里以helloworld项目为例。
目录结构:
1. 新建 web 项目 :springmvc_helloworld
2. 在 WebRoot\WEB-INF\lib 下,导入jar包
commons-logging-1.1.1.jar
spring-beans-4.1.6.RELEASE.jar
spring-context-4.1.6.RELEASE.jar
spring-core-4.1.6.RELEASE.jar
spring-expression-4.1.6.RELEASE.jar
spring-web-4.1.6.RELEASE.jar
spring-webmvc-4.1.6.RELEASE.jar
3. 在 WebContent\WEB-INF下,编写web.xml 文件
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <web-app xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee" xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_3_0.xsd" id="WebApp_ID" version="3.0"> <display-name>01springmvc_helloworld</display-name> <servlet> <servlet-name>springmvc</servlet-name> <servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class> </servlet> <servlet-mapping> <servlet-name>springmvc</servlet-name> <url-pattern>*.do</url-pattern> </servlet-mapping> <welcome-file-list> <welcome-file>index.html</welcome-file> <welcome-file>index.htm</welcome-file> <welcome-file>index.jsp</welcome-file> <welcome-file>default.html</welcome-file> <welcome-file>default.htm</welcome-file> <welcome-file>default.jsp</welcome-file> </welcome-file-list> </web-app>
上面代码中标识的 springmvc 为前端控制器
4. 在 src 下编写 HelloController类
package cn.vincent.controller; import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest; import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse; import org.springframework.web.servlet.ModelAndView; import org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.Controller; /** * 实现Controller接口,默认处理方法是handleRequest * */ public class HelloController implements Controller{ @Override public ModelAndView handleRequest(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp) throws Exception { // TODO Auto-generated method stub System.out.println("hello world 被执行"); ModelAndView mv=new ModelAndView(); mv.addObject("msg", "第一个springmvc应用程序"); mv.setViewName("hello"); return mv; } }
5. 编写 spring mvc 配置文件,该配置文件默认放于 WEB-INF 下,并且文件名为 前端控制器名-servlet.xml
这里的名称为 springmvc-servlet.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:p="http://www.springframework.org/schema/p" xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context" xsi:schemaLocation=" http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd"> <!-- 配置handlerMapping --> <bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.handler.BeanNameUrlHandlerMapping"/> <!-- 配置handlerAdapter --> <bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.SimpleControllerHandlerAdapter"/> <!-- 配置Controller --> <bean name="/hello.do" class="cn.vincent.controller.HelloController"/> <!-- 配置视图解析器 --> <bean id="viewResolver" class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.UrlBasedViewResolver"> <property name="viewClass" value="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.JstlView"/> <!-- 为响应的视图名称加上前缀 --> <property name="prefix" value="/WEB-INF/jsp/"/> <!-- 为响应的视图名称加上后缀 --> <property name="suffix" value=".jsp"/> </bean> </beans>
6. 编写 jsp
在 WebRoot/WEB-INF/jsp 文件夹下 添加 hello.jsp 文件
hello.jsp
<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=utf-8" pageEncoding="utf-8"%> <!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd"> <html> <head> <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8"> <title>springmvc第一个程序</title> </head> <body> ${msg } </body> </html>
7.测试
这里可以直接这样输入:
http://localhost:8080/springmvc_helloworld/hello.do
也可以修改这样:
(1)在项目上右键,点击属性(Properties)
(2)修改 context-root
之后,重新部署,运行项目,输入地址
http://localhost:8080/helloworld/hello.do
8.效果如下
github地址:https://github.com/Vincent-yuan/springmvc_helloworld