4.Spring Cloud初相识--------Feign负载均衡

前言：

在上一节里，我们学习了ribbon的使用。

我们了解到ribbon是一个客户端负载均衡机制。

而我们今天要讲的Feign呢，也是一款客户端负载均衡机制。

或者这样说，Feign封装了ribbon的负载均衡，实现了面向接口调用服务编程取缔面向服务编程。

ribbon面向服务编程：

@GetMapping("/hello")
public List<String> sayHello() {
    List<String> list = new ArrayList<>();
    for(int i=0;i<30;i++) {
        list.add(restTemplate.getForObject("http://CL-HELLO-PRODUCER/hello", String.class));
    }
    return list;
}

feign面向接口编程：

@FeignClient(value="CL-HELLO-PRODUCER")
public interface HelloService {
	
	@GetMapping("/hello")
	public String sayHello();

}

新建一个服务消费者（cl_hello_consumer_feign）：

1.添加依赖

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
	xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
	<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>

	<groupId>com.xm.cloud</groupId>
	<artifactId>cl_hello_consumer_feign</artifactId>
	<version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
	<packaging>jar</packaging>

	<name>cl_hello_consumer_feign</name>
	<description>This is a Web about springcloud</description>

	<parent>
		<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
		<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId>
		<version>2.0.6.RELEASE</version>
		<relativePath/> <!-- lookup parent from repository -->
	</parent>

	<properties>
		<project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
		<project.reporting.outputEncoding>UTF-8</project.reporting.outputEncoding>
		<java.version>1.8</java.version>
		<spring-cloud.version>Finchley.SR2</spring-cloud.version>
	</properties>

	<dependencies>
		<dependency>
			<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
			<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
		</dependency>
		<dependency>
			<groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
			<artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-netflix-eureka-client</artifactId>
		</dependency>
		<dependency>
			<groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
			<artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-openfeign</artifactId>
		</dependency>

		<dependency>
			<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
			<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
			<scope>test</scope>
		</dependency>
	</dependencies>

	<dependencyManagement>
		<dependencies>
			<dependency>
				<groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
				<artifactId>spring-cloud-dependencies</artifactId>
				<version>${spring-cloud.version}</version>
				<type>pom</type>
				<scope>import</scope>
			</dependency>
		</dependencies>
	</dependencyManagement>

	<build>
		<plugins>
			<plugin>
				<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
				<artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId>
			</plugin>
		</plugins>
	</build>


</project>

2.修改配置

eureka.client.service-url.defaultZone=http://127.0.0.1:7001/eureka/

eureka.client.register-with-eureka=false

3.开启注解

package com.xm.cloud;

import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;
import org.springframework.cloud.client.discovery.EnableDiscoveryClient;
import org.springframework.cloud.openfeign.EnableFeignClients;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.ComponentScan;

@EnableFeignClients
@EnableDiscoveryClient
@SpringBootApplication
public class ClHelloConsumerFeignApplication {

	public static void main(String[] args) {
		SpringApplication.run(ClHelloConsumerFeignApplication.class, args);
	}
}

4.添加Service

package com.xm.cloud.service;

import org.springframework.cloud.openfeign.FeignClient;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.GetMapping;

@FeignClient(value="CL-HELLO-PRODUCER")
public interface HelloService {
	
	@GetMapping("/hello")
	public String sayHello();

}

5.添加Controller

package com.xm.cloud.controller;

import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;

import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.GetMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;

import com.xm.cloud.service.HelloService;

@RestController
public class HelloController {
	@Autowired
	private HelloService helloService;
	
	@GetMapping("/hello")
	public List<String> sayHello() {
		List<String> list = new ArrayList<String>();
		for(int i=0;i<10;i++) {
			list.add(helloService.sayHello());
		}
		return list;
	}

}

6.测试

访问：localhost:8080/helo

0	"Hello Spring Cloud! 001号机器"
1	"Hello Spring Cloud! 003号机器"
2	"Hello Spring Cloud! 002号机器"
3	"Hello Spring Cloud! 001号机器"
4	"Hello Spring Cloud! 003号机器"
5	"Hello Spring Cloud! 002号机器"
6	"Hello Spring Cloud! 001号机器"
7	"Hello Spring Cloud! 003号机器"
8	"Hello Spring Cloud! 002号机器"
9	"Hello Spring Cloud! 001号机器"