AtCoder Beginner Contest 089完整题解

A - Grouping 2

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Time limit : 2sec / Memory limit : 256MB

Score : 100 points

Problem Statement

There are N students in a school.

We will divide these students into some groups, and in each group they will discuss some themes.

You think that groups consisting of two or less students cannot have an effective discussion, so you want to have as many groups consisting of three or more students as possible.

Divide the students so that the number of groups consisting of three or more students is maximized.

Constraints

• 1≤N≤1000
• All input values are integers.

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Input

Input is given from Standard Input in the following format:

N

Output

If you can form at most x groups consisting of three or more students, print x.

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Sample Input 1

Copy

8

Sample Output 1

Copy

2

For example, you can form a group of three students and another of five students.

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Sample Input 2

Copy

2

Sample Output 2

Copy

0

Sometimes you cannot form any group consisting of three or more students, regardless of how you divide the students.

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Sample Input 3

Copy

9

Sample Output 3

Copy

3

题目大意：给定N个人，要求尽可能划分为3个或3个人以上的小组。求人数大于等于3的小组个数。

题解：贪心的考虑，把所有人划分为3个人的小组，最后一个小组人数可能不足3个人，如果存在不满足条件的一组，就划分到最后一组里，形成较大的一组。答案就是$\lfloor\frac N3\rfloor$.

#include <cstdio >
int N;
int main()
{
    scanf("%d",&N);
    printf("%d\n",N/3);
}

　　

B - Hina Arare

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Time limit : 2sec / Memory limit : 256MB

Score : 200 points

Problem Statement

In Japan, people make offerings called hina arare, colorful crackers, on March 3.

We have a bag that contains N hina arare. (From here, we call them arare.)

It is known that the bag either contains arare in three colors: pink, white and green, or contains arare in four colors: pink, white, green and yellow.

We have taken out the arare in the bag one by one, and the color of the i-th arare was Si, where colors are represented as follows - pink: P, white: W, green: G, yellow: Y.

If the number of colors of the arare in the bag was three, print Three; if the number of colors was four, print Four.

Constraints

• 1≤N≤100
• Si is P, W, G or Y.
• There always exist i, j and k such that Si=P, Sj=W and Sk=G.

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Input

Input is given from Standard Input in the following format:

N
S1 S2 … SN

Output

If the number of colors of the arare in the bag was three, print Three; if the number of colors was four, print Four.

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Sample Input 1

Copy

6
G W Y P Y W

Sample Output 1

Copy

Four

The bag contained arare in four colors, so you should print Four.

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Sample Input 2

Copy

9
G W W G P W P G G

Sample Output 2

Copy

Three

The bag contained arare in three colors, so you should print Three.

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Sample Input 3

Copy

8
P Y W G Y W Y Y

Sample Output 3

Copy

Four

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Submit

题目大意：给定一个颜色序列，统计序列中颜色种数。

题解：gg。

#include<cstdio>
#include<cctype>
#include<set>
using namespace std;
int n;
set<char> s;
char ch[2333];
int main()
{
	scanf("%d",&n);
	for(int i=0;i<n;i++)
	{
		scanf("%s",ch);
		s.insert(ch[0]);
	}
	if(s.size()==3)puts("Three");
	else puts("Four");
	return 0;
}

其实把题目读漏了，只需要颜色序列只有两种，选择一个特征颜色判断一下就行了。

#include<cstdio>
int N;
char c;
int main()
{
	scanf("%d",&N);
	bool flag=false;
	for(int i=0; i<N; i++)
	{
		scanf("%c",&c);
		if(c=='Y')flag=true;
	}
	if(flag)puts("Four");
	else puts("Three");
	return 0;
}

C - March

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Time limit : 2sec / Memory limit : 256MB

Score : 300 points

Problem Statement

There are N people. The name of the i-th person is Si.

We would like to choose three people so that the following conditions are met:

• The name of every chosen person begins with M, A, R, C or H.
• There are no multiple people whose names begin with the same letter.

How many such ways are there to choose three people, disregarding order?

Note that the answer may not fit into a 32-bit integer type.

Constraints

• 1≤N≤105
• Si consists of uppercase English letters.
• 1≤|Si|≤10
• Si≠Sj(i≠j)

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Input

Input is given from Standard Input in the following format:

N
S1
:
SN

Output

If there are x ways to choose three people so that the given conditions are met, print x.

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Sample Input 1

Copy

5
MASHIKE
RUMOI
OBIRA
HABORO
HOROKANAI

Sample Output 1

Copy

2

We can choose three people with the following names:

• MASHIKE, RUMOI, HABORO

• MASHIKE, RUMOI, HOROKANAI

Thus, we have two ways.

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Sample Input 2

Copy

4
ZZ
ZZZ
Z
ZZZZZZZZZZ

Sample Output 2

Copy

0

Note that there may be no ways to choose three people so that the given conditions are met.

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Sample Input 3

Copy

5
CHOKUDAI
RNG
MAKOTO
AOKI
RINGO

Sample Output 3

Copy

7

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Submit

题目大意：给定一堆字符串，从中选出以‘M’，‘A’，‘R’，‘C’或‘H’开头的字符串形成一个三个字符串组成的排列，求出排列种数。

题解：由于数据范围很小，可以暴力枚举10种排列的方案数，做个积就行了。

#include<iostream>
using namespace std;
long long n,sum1,sum2,sum3,sum4,sum5,ans;
char a[100006][200];
int main()
{
	cin>>n;
	for(int i=1;i<=n;i++)cin>>a[i];
	for(int i=1;i<=n;i++)
	{
		if(a[i][0]=='M')sum1++;
		if(a[i][0]=='A')sum2++;
		if(a[i][0]=='R')sum3++;
		if(a[i][0]=='C')sum4++;
		if(a[i][0]=='H')sum5++;
	}
	ans+=sum1*sum2*sum3;
	ans+=sum1*sum2*sum4;
	ans+=sum1*sum2*sum5;
	ans+=sum1*sum3*sum4;
	ans+=sum1*sum3*sum5;
	ans+=sum1*sum4*sum5;
	ans+=sum2*sum3*sum4;
	ans+=sum2*sum3*sum5;
	ans+=sum2*sum4*sum5;
	ans+=sum3*sum4*sum5;
	cout<<ans<<endl;
	return 0;
}

　　

D - Practical Skill Test

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Time limit : 2sec / Memory limit : 256MB

Score : 400 points

Problem Statement

We have a grid with H rows and W columns. The square at the i-th row and the j-th column will be called Square (i,j).

The integers from 1 through H×W are written throughout the grid, and the integer written in Square (i,j) is Ai,j.

You, a magical girl, can teleport a piece placed on Square (i,j) to Square (x,y) by consuming |x−i|+|y−j| magic points.

You now have to take Q practical tests of your ability as a magical girl.

The i-th test will be conducted as follows:

• Initially, a piece is placed on the square where the integer Li is written.

• Let x be the integer written in the square occupied by the piece. Repeatedly move the piece to the square where the integer x+D is written, as long as x is not Ri. The test ends when x=Ri.

• Here, it is guaranteed that Ri−Li is a multiple of D.

For each test, find the sum of magic points consumed during that test.

Constraints

• 1≤H,W≤300
• 1≤D≤H×W
• 1≤Ai,j≤H×W
• Ai,j≠Ax,y((i,j)≠(x,y))
• 1≤Q≤105
• 1≤Li≤Ri≤H×W
• (Ri−Li) is a multiple of D.

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Input

Input is given from Standard Input in the following format:

H W D
A1,1 A1,2 … A1,W
:
AH,1 AH,2 … AH,W
Q
L1 R1
:
LQ RQ

Output

For each test, print the sum of magic points consumed during that test.

Output should be in the order the tests are conducted.

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Sample Input 1

Copy

3 3 2
1 4 3
2 5 7
8 9 6
1
4 8

Sample Output 1

Copy

5

• 4 is written in Square (1,2).

• 6 is written in Square (3,3).

• 8 is written in Square (3,1).

Thus, the sum of magic points consumed during the first test is (|3−1|+|3−2|)+(|3−3|+|1−3|)=5.

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Sample Input 2

Copy

4 2 3
3 7
1 4
5 2
6 8
2
2 2
2 2

Sample Output 2

Copy

0
0

Note that there may be a test where the piece is not moved at all, and there may be multiple identical tests.

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Sample Input 3

Copy

5 5 4
13 25 7 15 17
16 22 20 2 9
14 11 12 1 19
10 6 23 8 18
3 21 5 24 4
3
13 13
2 10
13 13

Sample Output 3

Copy

0
5
0

题目大意：

给定一个300*300的矩阵，10^5组询问，每次询问跳到指定有指定数字的格子的代价。
跳跃方式：
开始，在有给定数字的格子上。
令x是格子上出现的数字，跳到写有x+d的格子上，如果没有到达给定的格子R，就继续跳跃，直到跳到给定的格子。
代价即两格子之间的曼哈顿距离。

题解：由于询问次数很大，所以直接暴力模拟肯定会TLE。如何处理？注意到D是固定的，预处理出一个dp数组，dp[i]表示跳到编号为i的格子需要的最小魔法点数。

很容易得出DP方程：dp[i]=dp[i-D]+abs(x[i]-x[i-D])+abs(y[i]-y[i-D])。

状态的转移是从这个格子的前一个格子转移而来。

#include <cstdio >
#define abs(x) ((x>0)?x:(-(x)))
int H,W,D,A;
int Q,L,R;
int px[90001],py[90001];
int d[90001];
int main()
{
	scanf("%d%d%d",&H,&W,&D);
	for(int i=0; i<H; i++)
	{
		for(int j=0; j<W; j++)
		{
			scanf("%d",&A);
			px[A]=i,py[A]=j;
		}
	}
	for(int i=D+1; i<=H*W; i++)
		d[i]=d[i-D]+abs(px[i]-px[i-D])+abs(py[i]-py[i-D]);
	scanf("%d",&Q);
	while(Q--)
	{
		scanf("%d%d",&L,&R);
		printf("%d\n",d[R]-d[L]);
	}
}