简单的C# Socket通信实例

一、套接字(socket)概念

       套接字(socket)是通信的基石,是支持TCP/IP协议的网络通信的基本操作单元。它是网络通信过程中端点的抽象表示,包含进行网络通信必须的五种信息:连接使用的协议,本地主机的IP地址,本地进程的协议端口,远地主机的IP地址,远地进程的协议端口。
  应用层通过传输层进行数据通信时,TCP会遇到同时为多个应用程序进程提供并发服务的问题。多个TCP连接或多个应用程序进程可能需要通过同一个 TCP协议端口传输数据。为了区别不同的应用程序进程和连接,许多计算机操作系统为应用程序与TCP/IP协议交互提供了套接字(Socket)接口。应 用层可以和传输层通过Socket接口,区分来自不同应用程序进程或网络连接的通信,实现数据传输的并发服务。

二、建立socket连接

       建立Socket连接至少需要一对套接字,其中一个运行于客户端,称为ClientSocket ,另一个运行于服务器端,称为ServerSocket 。
  套接字之间的连接过程分为三个步骤:服务器监听,客户端请求,连接确认。

  1. 服务器监听:服务器端套接字并不定位具体的客户端套接字,而是处于等待连接的状态,实时监控网络状态,等待客户端的连接请求 
  2. 客户端请求:指客户端的套接字提出连接请求,要连接的目标是服务器端的套接字。为此,客户端的套接字必须首先描述它要连接的服务器的套接字,指出服务器端套接字的地址和端口号,然后就向服务器端套接字提出连接请求。
  3. 连接确认:当服务器端套接字监听到或者说接收到客户端套接字的连接请求时,就响应客户端套接字的请求,建立一个新的线程,把服务器端套接字的描述发给客户 端,一旦客户端确认了此描述,双方就正式建立连接。而服务器端套接字继续处于监听状态,继续接收其他客户端套接字的连接请求。

三、服务端与客户端代码

服务端前台XMAL

 1 <Window x:Class="Socket通信.MainWindow"
 2          xmlns="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml/presentation"
 3          xmlns:x="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml"
 4          xmlns:d="http://schemas.microsoft.com/expression/blend/2008"
 5          xmlns:mc="http://schemas.openxmlformats.org/markup-compatibility/2006"
 6          xmlns:local="clr-namespace:Socket通信"
 7          mc:Ignorable="d"
 8          Title="服务端" Height="350" Width="525" Loaded="Window_Loaded" >
 9      <Grid>
10          <Grid.RowDefinitions>
11              <RowDefinition Height="50*"/>
12              <RowDefinition Height="190*"/>
13              <RowDefinition Height="81*"/>
14          </Grid.RowDefinitions>
15          <Grid Grid.Row="0">
16              <WrapPanel VerticalAlignment="Center">
17                  <Label Padding="5">IP:</Label>
18                  <TextBox Padding="3" Width="150" Name="IP"></TextBox>
19                  <Label Padding="5">Port:</Label>
20                  <TextBox Padding="3" Width="100" Name="Port"></TextBox>
21                  <Button Padding="3" Margin="3" Click="Start_View_Click">开始监听</Button>
22                  <Button Padding="3" Margin="3" Click="Stop_Click">停止监听</Button>
23              </WrapPanel>
24          </Grid>
25          <Grid Grid.Row="1">
26              <ListBox Name="ListConnet"></ListBox>
27          </Grid>
28          <Grid Grid.Row="2">
29              <Grid.ColumnDefinitions>
30                  <ColumnDefinition Width="405*"/>
31                  <ColumnDefinition Width="113*"/>
32              </Grid.ColumnDefinitions>
33             
34                  <TextBox Name="SentConnet"></TextBox>
35                  <Button Grid.Column="1" Click="Send_Click">发送</Button>
36           
37          </Grid>
38      </Grid>
39  </Window>
View Code

服务端后台代码

  1 using System;
  2  using System.Net;
  3  using System.Net.Sockets;
  4  using System.Text;
  5  using System.Threading;
  6  using System.Windows;
  7 
  8  
  9 
 10 namespace Socket通信
 11 {
 12      /// <summary>
 13      /// MainWindow.xaml 的交互逻辑
 14     /// </summary>
 15      public partial class MainWindow : Window
 16      {
 17          public MainWindow()
 18          {
 19              InitializeComponent();
 20          }
 21          Socket socketSend;
 22          private void Start_View_Click(object sender, RoutedEventArgs e)
 23          {
 24              try
 25               {
 26                  //点击开始监听时 在服务端创建一个负责监听IP和端口号的Socket
 27                   Socket socketWatch = new Socket(AddressFamily.InterNetwork, SocketType.Stream, ProtocolType.Tcp);
 28                   IPAddress ip = IPAddress.Any;                //创建对象端口
 29                  IPEndPoint point = new IPEndPoint(ip, Convert.ToInt32(Port.Text));
 30                   socketWatch.Bind(point);//绑定端口号
 31                  ShowMsg("监听成功!");
 32                   socketWatch.Listen(10);//设置监听
 33                  //创建监听线程
 34                   Thread thread = new Thread(Listen);
 35                    thread.IsBackground = true;
 36                    thread.Start(socketWatch);
 37              }
 38               catch { }
 39 
 40  
 41 
 42         }
 43   
 44          void Listen(object o)
 45           {
 46                try
 47                {
 48                   Socket socketWatch = o as Socket;
 49                    while (true)
 50                    {
 51                       socketSend = socketWatch.Accept();//等待接收客户端连接
 52                      ShowMsg(socketSend.RemoteEndPoint.ToString() + ":" + "连接成功!");
 53                      //开启一个新线程,执行接收消息方法
 54                      Thread r_thread = new Thread(Received);
 55                       r_thread.IsBackground = true;
 56                       r_thread.Start(socketSend);
 57                   }
 58               }
 59               catch { }
 60          }
 61 
 62  
 63 
 64          /// <summary>
 65            /// 服务器端不停的接收客户端发来的消息
 66           /// </summary>
 67            /// <param name="o"></param>
 68            void Received(object o)
 69            {
 70               try
 71               {
 72                    Socket socketSend = o as Socket;
 73                   while (true)
 74                    {
 75                        //客户端连接服务器成功后,服务器接收客户端发送的消息
 76                     byte[] buffer = new byte[1024 * 1024 * 3];
 77                        //实际接收到的有效字节数
 78                       int len = socketSend.Receive(buffer);
 79                        if (len == 0)
 80                        {
 81                            break;
 82                        }
 83                        string str = Encoding.UTF8.GetString(buffer, 0, len);
 84                        ShowMsg("接收到的客户端数据:" + socketSend.RemoteEndPoint + ":" + str);
 85                    }
 86                }
 87                catch { }
 88            }
 89            /// <summary>
 90            /// 服务器向客户端发送消息
 91           /// </summary>
 92            /// <param name="str"></param>
 93            void Send(string str)
 94               {
 95                   byte[] buffer = Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes(str);
 96                   socketSend.Send(buffer);
 97               }
 98   
 99           void ShowMsg(string msg)
100           {
101              Dispatcher.Invoke(() => { ListConnet.Items.Add(msg + "\r\n"); });
102           }
103 
104  
105 
106         private void Send_Click(object sender, RoutedEventArgs e)
107         {
108              Send(SentConnet.Text.Trim());
109          }
110 
111         private void Window_Loaded(object sender, RoutedEventArgs e)
112          {
113          }
114          private void Stop_Click(object sender, RoutedEventArgs e)
115          {
116              socketSend.Close();
117              ShowMsg("已经停止监听!");
118          }
119      }
120  }
View Code

客户端前台XMAL

 1 <Window x:Class="Socket_Client.MainWindow"
 2          xmlns="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml/presentation"
 3          xmlns:x="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml"
 4          xmlns:d="http://schemas.microsoft.com/expression/blend/2008"
 5          xmlns:mc="http://schemas.openxmlformats.org/markup-compatibility/2006"
 6          xmlns:local="clr-namespace:Socket_Client"
 7          mc:Ignorable="d"
 8          Title="客户端" Height="350" Width="525">
 9     <Grid>
10          <Grid.RowDefinitions>
11              <RowDefinition Height="50*"/>
12              <RowDefinition Height="190*"/>
13              <RowDefinition Height="81*"/>
14          </Grid.RowDefinitions>
15          <Grid Grid.Row="0">
16              <WrapPanel VerticalAlignment="Center">
17                  <Label Padding="5">IP:</Label>
18                  <TextBox Padding="3" Width="150" Name="IP"></TextBox>
19                  <Label Padding="5">Port:</Label>
20                  <TextBox Padding="3" Width="100" Name="Port"></TextBox>
21                  <Button Padding="3" Margin="3" Click="Start_View_Click">连接</Button>
22                  <Button Padding="3" Margin="3" Click="Stop_Click">断开连接</Button>
23              </WrapPanel>
24          </Grid>
25          <Grid Grid.Row="1">
26              <TextBox Name="ListConnet"></TextBox>
27          </Grid>
28          <Grid Grid.Row="2">
29              <Grid.ColumnDefinitions>
30                  <ColumnDefinition Width="405*"/>
31                  <ColumnDefinition Width="113*"/>
32              </Grid.ColumnDefinitions>
33 
34  
35 
36             <TextBox Name="SentConnet"></TextBox>
37              <Button Grid.Column="1" Click="Send_Click">发送</Button>
38 
39         </Grid>
40      </Grid>
41  </Window>
View Code

客户端后台代码

 

  1 using System;
  2  using System.Collections.Generic;
  3  using System.Linq;
  4  using System.Net;
  5  using System.Net.Sockets;
  6  using System.Text;
  7  using System.Threading;
  8  using System.Threading.Tasks;
  9  using System.Windows;
 10  using System.Windows.Controls;
 11  using System.Windows.Data;
 12  using System.Windows.Documents;
 13  using System.Windows.Input;
 14  using System.Windows.Media;
 15  using System.Windows.Media.Imaging;
 16  using System.Windows.Navigation;
 17  using System.Windows.Shapes;
 18 
 19  
 20 
 21 namespace Socket_Client
 22  {
 23      /// <summary>
 24      /// MainWindow.xaml 的交互逻辑
 25     /// </summary>
 26      public partial class MainWindow : Window
 27      {
 28          public MainWindow()
 29          {
 30              InitializeComponent();
 31          }
 32          Socket socketSend;
 33 
 34  
 35 
 36         private void Start_View_Click(object sender, RoutedEventArgs e)
 37          {
 38              try
 39                {
 40                                  //创建客户端Socket,获得远程ip和端口号
 41                     socketSend = new Socket(AddressFamily.InterNetwork, SocketType.Stream, ProtocolType.Tcp);
 42                      IPAddress ip = IPAddress.Parse(IP.Text);
 43                      IPEndPoint point = new IPEndPoint(ip, Convert.ToInt32(Port.Text));
 44                 
 45                      socketSend.Connect(point);
 46                      ShowMsg("连接成功!");
 47                                   //开启新的线程,不停的接收服务器发来的消息
 48                     Thread c_thread = new Thread(Received);
 49                      c_thread.IsBackground = true;
 50                      c_thread.Start();
 51                 }
 52               catch (Exception)
 53              {
 54                 ShowMsg("IP或者端口号错误...");
 55              }
 56             
 57 
 58  
 59 
 60         }
 61          void ShowMsg(string str)
 62           {
 63 
 64  
 65 
 66             Dispatcher.Invoke(() => { ListConnet.AppendText(str + "\r\n"); });
 67          }
 68          /// <summary>
 69           /// 接收服务端返回的消息
 70          /// </summary>
 71          void Received()
 72          {
 73              while (true)
 74              {
 75                try
 76                {
 77                     byte[] buffer = new byte[1024 * 1024 * 3];
 78                     //实际接收到的有效字节数
 79                     int len = socketSend.Receive(buffer);
 80                     if (len == 0)
 81                     {
 82                         continue;
 83                       }
 84                      string str = Encoding.UTF8.GetString(buffer, 0, len);
 85                      ShowMsg("接收到的服务端数据:" + socketSend.RemoteEndPoint + ":" + str);
 86                  }
 87                  catch
 88                  {
 89 
 90  
 91 
 92                 }
 93             }
 94          }
 95 
 96  
 97 
 98         private void Send_Click(object sender, RoutedEventArgs e)
 99          {
100              try
101              {
102                       string msg = SentConnet.Text.Trim();
103                       byte[] buffer = new byte[1024 * 1024 * 3];
104                       buffer = Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes(msg);
105                       socketSend.Send(buffer);
106                }
107              catch { }
108 
109  
110 
111         }
112 
113         private void Stop_Click(object sender, RoutedEventArgs e)
114          {
115              socketSend.Close();
116              ShowMsg("连接已经断开!");
117          }
118      }
119  }
View Code

运行结果

 

 

posted @ 2019-02-22 16:32  清风绿茶  阅读(8033)  评论(0编辑  收藏  举报