栈的应用--进制转换

问题描述：给一个整数，要求把它转换成相应的二进制。

题目解读：整数：1.考虑正负.2.如果整数是0

具体思路：可能学过编程的娃都知道，十进制转二进制就是不断的给它取余，再取余，然后倒着写出来就行了。那么这个过程是不是正好满足栈先进后出的特点呐。嘿嘿～+～

在这里，我们用两种方法来解决这个问题。一种是顺序栈，一种是链式栈。

顺序栈

#include<stdio.h>
#include<stdlib.h>
#define STACKSIZE   100
typedef struct node{
    int top;
    int base;
    int *count ;   //容器
}Mystack;

int IsEmptyStack(Mystack *p) 
{
    if(p->top == p->base )
        return 1;
    else return 0;
}
int pop(Mystack *p)  //出栈,判断是否栈空
{
    int temp ;
    if(IsEmptyStack(p) == 1){
        printf("The stack is empty  \n");
        return -1;
    }
    temp=p->count[p->top];
    p->top--;
    return temp;
}
int push(Mystack *p,int t)  //入栈，判断是否栈满
{
    if(p->top - p->base == STACKSIZE){
        printf("The stack is full \n");
        return -1;
    }
    p->top++;
    p->count[p->top]=t ;
    return 0;
}
int ExchangeBin(Mystack *p,int x)
{
    int tag= 0;  //tag == 1 就是负数
    int temp  = abs(x);
    if(x < 0) tag =  1;
    while(temp){         //核心代码
        push(p,temp%2);
        temp/=2;
    }
    if(tag == 1)
        printf(" -");
    while(IsEmptyStack(p) !=  1)
        printf("%2d",pop(p));
    printf("\n\n");
    return 0;
}
int main(void)
{
    Mystack *s ;
    int x ;
    printf("Please input the integer \nX: ");
    scanf("%d",&x);
    if(x == 0){
        printf(" 0 \n\n");
        return 0;
    }
    s=(Mystack *)malloc(sizeof(Mystack) );
    s->count=(int *)malloc(sizeof(int)*STACKSIZE);
    s->top = s->base = -1 ;

    ExchangeBin(s,x);
    free(s->count);
    free(s);
    return 0;
}

链式栈

#include<stdio.h>
#include<stdlib.h>
#define STACKSIZE 100 
typedef struct node{
    int data;
}NODE ;
typedef struct stack{
    NODE *top;
    NODE *base;
    int StackSize ;
}Mystack;

int InitStack(Mystack *p)
{
    p->top = p->base =(NODE *)malloc(sizeof(NODE)*STACKSIZE);
    if(p->top == NULL)
    {
        printf("malloc  error \n");
        return -1;
    }
    p->StackSize = STACKSIZE ;
    return 0;
}
int IsEmptyStack(Mystack *p)
{
    if(p->top == p->base)
        return 1;
    else return 0;
}
int pop(Mystack *p)
{
    NODE temp;
    if(IsEmptyStack(p)){
        printf("The stack is empty \n");
        return 0;
    }
    temp=*(p->top-1);
    p->top--;
    return temp.data;
}
int push(Mystack *p,int t)
{
    NODE element;
    if(p->top - p->base == STACKSIZE){
        printf("The stack is full \n");
        return -1;
    }
    element.data = t ;
    *(p->top) = element ;
    p->top++;
}
int ExchangeBin(int x)
{
    Mystack ty ;
    int tag =  0 ;
    int temp = abs(x ) ;
    if(x< 0)   tag = 1;
    InitStack(&ty);
    while(temp) 
    { 
        push(&ty,temp%2);
        temp /=2 ;
    }
    if(tag)   printf(" -");
    while(IsEmptyStack(&ty) != 1)
        printf("%2d",pop(&ty));
    printf("\n\n");
    return 0;

}
int main(void)
{
    int x;
    printf("Please input the \nX :");
    scanf("%d",&x);
    ExchangeBin(x);
    return 0;
}