WPF 3D穿梭效果,用WPF也凑凑热闹
CSS 效果博客地址:
3D 穿梭效果?使用 CSS 轻松搞定 - ChokCoco - 博客园 (cnblogs.com)
UWP效果博客地址
3D 穿梭效果?使用 UWP 也能搞定 - dino.c - 博客园 (cnblogs.com)
大佬们真实登峰造极啊。
真是能学到很多东西啊。
我也就凑凑热闹,用WPF来试试,效果不算太好,勉强过得去吧。
相对CSS和UWP,老牌的WPF对于3D效果的操作是相对繁琐的。 要首先做出3D模型,接着旋转XY轴,其次调整Z轴拉伸,最后一步调整FOV。 穿梭效果要靠这Z轴拉伸的数字决定,图中是10-20。
当然最难的是动画的首尾衔接。
我们来一步一步的做。
制作3D模型
这一块可以直接用不用2D控件其实没啥可以研究,所以就直接是3D模型,让图片以贴图的形式存在。
至于3D模型制作,总结一点就是由左到右开始。
1.Positions
3D模型是三角组成,所以描述一个物体的样子时候,尽可能画三角形。每个点就是顶点,如果存在相同的顶点,选择一个就行。
描述顶点的时候是XYZ,当你正面看物体,物体的Z轴是指向你的方向为正方向。Y轴是向上为正,X轴是向右为正。
这里值得注意的是,为了方便 ,建议使用左 左下 右下 右上的顺序去定义点。
这个模型的顶点定义就是 P1(x,y,z), P2(x,y,z) ,P3(x,y,z) ,P4(x,y,z)
2.TriangleIndices
这个就是 描述 这些顶点是如何组成三角形。当我们认为一个面是正面时,要记得逆时针定义顶点集合下标。顶点集合就是Positions,内容就是你输入的坐标点,下标由0开始。
背面为顺时针。
3.TextureCoordinates
这个是材质的定位顺序,这个比较2D坐标系,和其他的不同。也就是左上角为0,0 右下角为1,1,也就是普通的屏幕坐标系
做好模型,要做四个哦。
旋转3d模型
这个就比较有意思了,上面模型做好了四个,我们要组成四个面,也就是旋转Y轴,旋转X轴,但是方向是不一样的。旋转我们使用Transform就可以了。
看起来还行。
我们来做四个图片并试试。
方便调试,我们带着进度条。
资源
<MeshGeometry3D x:Key="Rect3D_O"> <MeshGeometry3D.Positions> -50, 50, 0, -50, -50, 0, 50, -50, 0, 50, 50, 0 </MeshGeometry3D.Positions> <MeshGeometry3D.TriangleIndices> 0 1 2 2 3 0 </MeshGeometry3D.TriangleIndices> <MeshGeometry3D.TextureCoordinates> 0,0 0,1 1,1 1,0 </MeshGeometry3D.TextureCoordinates> <MeshGeometry3D.Normals> 0,0,1, 0,0,1, 0,0,1, 0,0,1 </MeshGeometry3D.Normals> </MeshGeometry3D> <DiffuseMaterial x:Key="Img"> <DiffuseMaterial.Brush> <ImageBrush ImageSource="start.jpg" /> </DiffuseMaterial.Brush> </DiffuseMaterial>
<Viewport3D x:Name="View3D_2" > <Viewport3D.Camera> <PerspectiveCamera FieldOfView="{Binding ElementName=FOV, Path=Value}" Position="0,0,100" LookDirection="0,0,-1"/> </Viewport3D.Camera> <ModelVisual3D> <ModelVisual3D.Content> <Model3DGroup> <AmbientLight Color="White"/> <GeometryModel3D Geometry="{StaticResource Rect3D_O}" Material="{StaticResource Img}" BackMaterial="{StaticResource Img}" > <GeometryModel3D.Transform> <Transform3DGroup> <RotateTransform3D CenterX="0" CenterY="1" CenterZ="0"> <RotateTransform3D.Rotation> <AxisAngleRotation3D Angle="{Binding ElementName=Left_Top_Z, Path=Value}" Axis="0 1 0"/> </RotateTransform3D.Rotation> </RotateTransform3D> <ScaleTransform3D ScaleZ="{Binding ElementName=ScaleZ_2, Path=Value}"/> </Transform3DGroup> </GeometryModel3D.Transform> </GeometryModel3D> <GeometryModel3D Geometry="{StaticResource Rect3D_O}" Material="{StaticResource Img}" BackMaterial="{StaticResource Img}" > <GeometryModel3D.Transform> <Transform3DGroup> <RotateTransform3D CenterX="0" CenterY="1" CenterZ="0"> <RotateTransform3D.Rotation> <AxisAngleRotation3D Angle="{Binding ElementName=Left_Top_Z, Path=Value}" Axis="1 0 0"/> </RotateTransform3D.Rotation> </RotateTransform3D> <ScaleTransform3D ScaleZ="{Binding ElementName=ScaleZ_2, Path=Value}"/> </Transform3DGroup> </GeometryModel3D.Transform> </GeometryModel3D> <GeometryModel3D Geometry="{StaticResource Rect3D_O}" Material="{StaticResource Img}" BackMaterial="{StaticResource Img}" > <GeometryModel3D.Transform> <Transform3DGroup> <RotateTransform3D CenterX="0" CenterY="1" CenterZ="0"> <RotateTransform3D.Rotation> <AxisAngleRotation3D Angle="{Binding ElementName=Right_Bottom_Z, Path=Value}" Axis="0 1 0"/> </RotateTransform3D.Rotation> </RotateTransform3D> <ScaleTransform3D ScaleZ="{Binding ElementName=ScaleZ_2, Path=Value}"/> </Transform3DGroup> </GeometryModel3D.Transform> </GeometryModel3D> <GeometryModel3D Geometry="{StaticResource Rect3D_O}" Material="{StaticResource Img}" BackMaterial="{StaticResource Img}" > <GeometryModel3D.Transform> <Transform3DGroup> <RotateTransform3D CenterX="0" CenterY="1" CenterZ="0"> <RotateTransform3D.Rotation> <AxisAngleRotation3D Angle="{Binding ElementName=Right_Bottom_Z, Path=Value}" Axis="1 0 0"/> </RotateTransform3D.Rotation> </RotateTransform3D> <ScaleTransform3D ScaleZ="{Binding ElementName=ScaleZ_2, Path=Value}"/> </Transform3DGroup> </GeometryModel3D.Transform> </GeometryModel3D> </Model3DGroup> </ModelVisual3D.Content> </ModelVisual3D> </Viewport3D> <Slider Grid.Row="1" x:Name="Left_Top_Z" Minimum="-90" Value="12" Maximum="90" ToolTip="{Binding RelativeSource={RelativeSource Mode=Self}, Path=Value}"/> <Slider Grid.Row="2" x:Name="Right_Bottom_Z" Minimum="-90" Value="-12" Maximum="0" ToolTip="{Binding RelativeSource={RelativeSource Mode=Self}, Path=Value}"/> <Slider Grid.Row="3" x:Name="ScaleZ_2" Background="Red" Minimum="10" Maximum="100" ToolTip="{Binding RelativeSource={RelativeSource Mode=Self}, Path=Value}"> <Slider.Style > <Style TargetType="Slider"> <Style.Triggers> <Trigger Property="Tag" Value="1"> <Trigger.EnterActions> <BeginStoryboard > <Storyboard> <DoubleAnimation RepeatBehavior="Forever" Storyboard.TargetProperty="Value" From="11" To="20" BeginTime="0:0:0" Duration="0:0:10" /> </Storyboard> </BeginStoryboard> </Trigger.EnterActions> </Trigger> </Style.Triggers> </Style> </Slider.Style> </Slider> <Slider Grid.Row="4" x:Name="FOV" Minimum="0" Maximum="180" Value="176" ToolTip="{Binding RelativeSource={RelativeSource Mode=Self}, Path=Value}"/>
运行,看看
看起来,有点味道了。
剩下就是调试动画了。
我们想要首尾衔接的动画,实际上就是要两段动画看不出首尾的区别。参考大佬们的基本思路,依靠透明度,延迟播放让首尾看不出区别。
也就是说要
这里呢,我们纯用XAML来实现这个方案。
首先要解决定时问题,首先页面加载时,我们通过动画修改某个对象的某个值 ,这个对象上存在一个触发器,监控这个对象并开始定时,之后播放动画。
修改值,我们要用ObjectAnimationUsingKeyFrames动画。
触发器,数值触发器,因为可以绑定。
整个过程中,最重要的就是时间线,两组动画再何时出现,何时隐藏。
最终代码
<Window.Resources> <Storyboard RepeatBehavior="Forever" Storyboard.TargetName="ScaleZ_2" Duration="0:0:10" x:Key="sb" > <DoubleAnimation Storyboard.TargetName="ScaleZ_2" Storyboard.TargetProperty="Value" From="11" To="20" BeginTime="0:0:0" Duration="0:0:10" /> <DoubleAnimationUsingKeyFrames Storyboard.TargetProperty="Opacity" Storyboard.TargetName="View3D_2" BeginTime="0:0:0" > <LinearDoubleKeyFrame KeyTime="0:0:0" Value="0"/> <LinearDoubleKeyFrame KeyTime="0:0:2" Value="1"/> <LinearDoubleKeyFrame KeyTime="0:0:6" Value="1"/> <LinearDoubleKeyFrame KeyTime="0:0:10" Value="0"/> </DoubleAnimationUsingKeyFrames> </Storyboard> <MeshGeometry3D x:Key="Rect3D_O"> <MeshGeometry3D.Positions> -50, 50, 0, -50, -50, 0, 50, -50, 0, 50, 50, 0 </MeshGeometry3D.Positions> <MeshGeometry3D.TriangleIndices> 0 1 2 2 3 0 </MeshGeometry3D.TriangleIndices> <MeshGeometry3D.TextureCoordinates> 0,0 0,1 1,1 1,0 </MeshGeometry3D.TextureCoordinates> <MeshGeometry3D.Normals> 0,0,1, 0,0,1, 0,0,1, 0,0,1 </MeshGeometry3D.Normals> </MeshGeometry3D> <DiffuseMaterial x:Key="Img"> <DiffuseMaterial.Brush> <ImageBrush ImageSource="start.jpg" /> </DiffuseMaterial.Brush> </DiffuseMaterial> </Window.Resources> <Window.Triggers> <EventTrigger RoutedEvent="Loaded" SourceName="ScaleZ"> <BeginStoryboard> <Storyboard Storyboard.TargetName="ScaleZ" Storyboard.TargetProperty="Tag" Duration="0:0:5.1" > <ObjectAnimationUsingKeyFrames> <DiscreteObjectKeyFrame KeyTime="0:0:5" > <DiscreteObjectKeyFrame.Value> 1 </DiscreteObjectKeyFrame.Value> </DiscreteObjectKeyFrame> </ObjectAnimationUsingKeyFrames> </Storyboard> </BeginStoryboard> <BeginStoryboard Storyboard="{StaticResource sb}"/> </EventTrigger> </Window.Triggers> <Grid > <Grid.RowDefinitions> <RowDefinition/> <RowDefinition Height="auto"/> <RowDefinition Height="auto"/> <RowDefinition Height="auto"/> <RowDefinition Height="auto"/> <RowDefinition Height="auto"/> <RowDefinition Height="auto"/> </Grid.RowDefinitions> <Viewport3D x:Name="View3D_1" > <Viewport3D.Style> <Style TargetType="Viewport3D" > <Style.Triggers> <DataTrigger Binding="{Binding ElementName=ScaleZ,Path=Value}" Value="1"> <DataTrigger.EnterActions> <BeginStoryboard > <Storyboard> <DoubleAnimationUsingKeyFrames RepeatBehavior="Forever" Storyboard.TargetProperty="Opacity" BeginTime="0:0:0" Duration="0:0:10"> <LinearDoubleKeyFrame KeyTime="0:0:0" Value="0"/> <LinearDoubleKeyFrame KeyTime="0:0:5" Value="1"/> <LinearDoubleKeyFrame KeyTime="0:0:8" Value="1"/> <LinearDoubleKeyFrame KeyTime="0:0:10" Value="0"/> </DoubleAnimationUsingKeyFrames> </Storyboard> </BeginStoryboard> </DataTrigger.EnterActions> </DataTrigger> </Style.Triggers> </Style> </Viewport3D.Style> <Viewport3D.Camera> <PerspectiveCamera FieldOfView="{Binding ElementName=FOV, Path=Value}" Position="0,0,100" LookDirection="0,0,-1"/> </Viewport3D.Camera> <ModelVisual3D> <ModelVisual3D.Content> <Model3DGroup> <AmbientLight Color="White"/> <GeometryModel3D Geometry="{StaticResource Rect3D_O}" Material="{StaticResource Img}" BackMaterial="{StaticResource Img}" > <GeometryModel3D.Transform> <Transform3DGroup> <RotateTransform3D CenterX="0" CenterY="1" CenterZ="0"> <RotateTransform3D.Rotation> <AxisAngleRotation3D Angle="{Binding ElementName=Left_Top_Z, Path=Value}" Axis="0 1 0"/> </RotateTransform3D.Rotation> </RotateTransform3D> <ScaleTransform3D ScaleZ="{Binding ElementName=ScaleZ, Path=Value}"/> </Transform3DGroup> </GeometryModel3D.Transform> </GeometryModel3D> <GeometryModel3D Geometry="{StaticResource Rect3D_O}" Material="{StaticResource Img}" BackMaterial="{StaticResource Img}" > <GeometryModel3D.Transform> <Transform3DGroup> <RotateTransform3D CenterX="0" CenterY="1" CenterZ="0"> <RotateTransform3D.Rotation> <AxisAngleRotation3D Angle="{Binding ElementName=Left_Top_Z, Path=Value}" Axis="1 0 0"/> </RotateTransform3D.Rotation> </RotateTransform3D> <ScaleTransform3D ScaleZ="{Binding ElementName=ScaleZ, Path=Value}"/> </Transform3DGroup> </GeometryModel3D.Transform> </GeometryModel3D> <GeometryModel3D Geometry="{StaticResource Rect3D_O}" Material="{StaticResource Img}" BackMaterial="{StaticResource Img}" > <GeometryModel3D.Transform> <Transform3DGroup> <RotateTransform3D CenterX="0" CenterY="1" CenterZ="0"> <RotateTransform3D.Rotation> <AxisAngleRotation3D Angle="{Binding ElementName=Right_Bottom_Z, Path=Value}" Axis="0 1 0"/> </RotateTransform3D.Rotation> </RotateTransform3D> <ScaleTransform3D ScaleZ="{Binding ElementName=ScaleZ, Path=Value}"/> </Transform3DGroup> </GeometryModel3D.Transform> </GeometryModel3D> <GeometryModel3D Geometry="{StaticResource Rect3D_O}" Material="{StaticResource Img}" BackMaterial="{StaticResource Img}" > <GeometryModel3D.Transform> <Transform3DGroup> <RotateTransform3D CenterX="0" CenterY="1" CenterZ="0"> <RotateTransform3D.Rotation> <AxisAngleRotation3D Angle="{Binding ElementName=Right_Bottom_Z, Path=Value}" Axis="1 0 0"/> </RotateTransform3D.Rotation> </RotateTransform3D> <ScaleTransform3D ScaleZ="{Binding ElementName=ScaleZ, Path=Value}"/> </Transform3DGroup> </GeometryModel3D.Transform> </GeometryModel3D> </Model3DGroup> </ModelVisual3D.Content> </ModelVisual3D> </Viewport3D> <Viewport3D x:Name="View3D_2" > <Viewport3D.Camera> <PerspectiveCamera FieldOfView="{Binding ElementName=FOV, Path=Value}" Position="0,0,100" LookDirection="0,0,-1"/> </Viewport3D.Camera> <ModelVisual3D> <ModelVisual3D.Content> <Model3DGroup> <AmbientLight Color="White"/> <GeometryModel3D Geometry="{StaticResource Rect3D_O}" Material="{StaticResource Img}" BackMaterial="{StaticResource Img}" > <GeometryModel3D.Transform> <Transform3DGroup> <RotateTransform3D CenterX="0" CenterY="1" CenterZ="0"> <RotateTransform3D.Rotation> <AxisAngleRotation3D Angle="{Binding ElementName=Left_Top_Z, Path=Value}" Axis="0 1 0"/> </RotateTransform3D.Rotation> </RotateTransform3D> <ScaleTransform3D ScaleZ="{Binding ElementName=ScaleZ_2, Path=Value}"/> </Transform3DGroup> </GeometryModel3D.Transform> </GeometryModel3D> <GeometryModel3D Geometry="{StaticResource Rect3D_O}" Material="{StaticResource Img}" BackMaterial="{StaticResource Img}" > <GeometryModel3D.Transform> <Transform3DGroup> <RotateTransform3D CenterX="0" CenterY="1" CenterZ="0"> <RotateTransform3D.Rotation> <AxisAngleRotation3D Angle="{Binding ElementName=Left_Top_Z, Path=Value}" Axis="1 0 0"/> </RotateTransform3D.Rotation> </RotateTransform3D> <ScaleTransform3D ScaleZ="{Binding ElementName=ScaleZ_2, Path=Value}"/> </Transform3DGroup> </GeometryModel3D.Transform> </GeometryModel3D> <GeometryModel3D Geometry="{StaticResource Rect3D_O}" Material="{StaticResource Img}" BackMaterial="{StaticResource Img}" > <GeometryModel3D.Transform> <Transform3DGroup> <RotateTransform3D CenterX="0" CenterY="1" CenterZ="0"> <RotateTransform3D.Rotation> <AxisAngleRotation3D Angle="{Binding ElementName=Right_Bottom_Z, Path=Value}" Axis="0 1 0"/> </RotateTransform3D.Rotation> </RotateTransform3D> <ScaleTransform3D ScaleZ="{Binding ElementName=ScaleZ_2, Path=Value}"/> </Transform3DGroup> </GeometryModel3D.Transform> </GeometryModel3D> <GeometryModel3D Geometry="{StaticResource Rect3D_O}" Material="{StaticResource Img}" BackMaterial="{StaticResource Img}" > <GeometryModel3D.Transform> <Transform3DGroup> <RotateTransform3D CenterX="0" CenterY="1" CenterZ="0"> <RotateTransform3D.Rotation> <AxisAngleRotation3D Angle="{Binding ElementName=Right_Bottom_Z, Path=Value}" Axis="1 0 0"/> </RotateTransform3D.Rotation> </RotateTransform3D> <ScaleTransform3D ScaleZ="{Binding ElementName=ScaleZ_2, Path=Value}"/> </Transform3DGroup> </GeometryModel3D.Transform> </GeometryModel3D> </Model3DGroup> </ModelVisual3D.Content> </ModelVisual3D> </Viewport3D> <Slider Grid.Row="1" x:Name="Left_Top_Z" Minimum="-90" Value="12" Maximum="90" ToolTip="{Binding RelativeSource={RelativeSource Mode=Self}, Path=Value}"/> <Slider Grid.Row="2" x:Name="Right_Bottom_Z" Minimum="-90" Value="-12" Maximum="0" ToolTip="{Binding RelativeSource={RelativeSource Mode=Self}, Path=Value}"/> <Slider Grid.Row="3" x:Name="ScaleZ" Background="Red" Minimum="10" Maximum="100" ToolTip="{Binding RelativeSource={RelativeSource Mode=Self}, Path=Value}"> <Slider.Style > <Style TargetType="Slider"> <Style.Triggers> <Trigger Property="Tag" Value="1"> <Trigger.EnterActions> <BeginStoryboard > <Storyboard> <DoubleAnimation RepeatBehavior="Forever" Storyboard.TargetProperty="Value" From="11" To="20" BeginTime="0:0:0" Duration="0:0:10" /> </Storyboard> </BeginStoryboard> </Trigger.EnterActions> </Trigger> </Style.Triggers> </Style> </Slider.Style> </Slider> <Slider Grid.Row="4" x:Name="FOV" Minimum="0" Maximum="180" Value="176" ToolTip="{Binding RelativeSource={RelativeSource Mode=Self}, Path=Value}"/> <Slider Grid.Row="5" x:Name="ScaleZ_2" Background="Black" Minimum="10" Maximum="100" ToolTip="{Binding RelativeSource={RelativeSource Mode=Self}, Path=Value}"/> <StackPanel Grid.Row="6" Orientation="Vertical"> <TextBlock> <Run Text=" View3D_1 透明度"/> <Run Text="{Binding ElementName=View3D_1, Path=Opacity}"/> <Run Text=" View3D_1 value"/> <Run Text="{Binding ElementName=ScaleZ, Path=Value}"/> <Run Text=" Tag value"/> <Run Text="{Binding ElementName=ScaleZ, Path=Tag}"/> <Run Text=" Zindex value"/> <Run Text="{Binding ElementName=View3D_1, Path=(Panel.ZIndex)}"/> </TextBlock> <TextBlock> <Run Text=" View3D_2 透明度"/> <Run Text="{Binding ElementName=View3D_2, Path=Opacity}"/> <Run Text=" View3D_2 value"/> <Run Text="{Binding ElementName=ScaleZ_2, Path=Value}"/> <Run Text=" Zindex value"/> <Run Text="{Binding ElementName=View3D_2, Path=(Panel.ZIndex)}"/> </TextBlock> </StackPanel> </Grid>
这样呢,我们就不用任何C#代码来完成这个效果了。
必须承认,在开头0秒时做的不是很好,略有重影,所以还有很多地方需要学习。