RC522（RFID模块）实践总结
此次使用RC522模块和S50卡实现近场通讯功能（开发板与RC522通讯方式为硬件SPI），就实践过程中的一些知识点进行总结：
- RC522模块和M1卡要点介绍；
- 驱动代码；
- 出现问题及解决方法；
1. RC522模块和M1卡要点介绍：
- MFRC522简化功能框图；
- MFRC522与主机SPI通讯引脚配置；
- MFRC522与M1卡的通讯原理和通讯流程；
- M1卡存储结构；
MFRC522简化功能框图：
先从RC522功能框图入手，可以从大方向上理解通讯原理。
上述主机一般指的就是手上的开发板，通信接口对应天线，MFRC522与主机通讯支持UART、SPI以及IIC，本人采用SPI通讯方式。
MFRC522与主机SPI通讯引脚配置：
MFRC522与M1卡的通讯原理和通讯流程：
工作原理：
读写器向M1卡发一组固定频率的电磁波，卡片内有一个 LC串联谐振电路，其频率与读写器发射的频率相同，在电磁波的激励下，LC谐振电路产生共振，从而使电容内有了电荷，在这个电容的另一端，接有一个单向导通的电子泵，将电容内的电荷送到另一个电容内储存，当所积累的电荷达到2V时，此电容可做为电源为其它电路提供工作电压，将卡内数据发射出去或接取读写器的数据。
通讯流程：
M1卡存储结构
存储结构：
- 其中第0扇区的块0是用于存放厂商代码的，已经固化，不可更改，为32位（4Bytes）；
- 每个扇区的块0、块1和块2位数据块，可用于存储数据，每块16个字节（只有S50卡是这样）；
- 每个扇区的块3位控制块，包含了密码A、存取控制、密码B，具体结构如下图所示；
2. 驱动代码
RC522.h
#ifndef __RC522_H
#define __RC522_H
#include "stm32f10x.h"
#include "stm32f10x_spi.h"
#include <string.h>
#include <stdio.h>
/*******************************
*连线说明：
*1--SDA <----->PA4
*2--SCK <----->PA5
*3--MOSI <----->PA7
*4--MISO <----->PA6
*5--悬空
*6--GND <----->GND
*7--RST <----->PB0
*8--VCC <----->VCC
************************************/
//MF522命令代码
#define PCD_IDLE 0x00 //取消当前命令
#define PCD_AUTHENT 0x0E //验证密钥
#define PCD_RECEIVE 0x08 //接收数据
#define PCD_TRANSMIT 0x04 //发送数据
#define PCD_TRANSCEIVE 0x0C //发送并接收数据
#define PCD_RESETPHASE 0x0F //复位
#define PCD_CALCCRC 0x03 //CRC计算
//Mifare_One卡片命令代码
#define PICC_REQIDL 0x26 //寻天线区内未进入休眠状态
#define PICC_REQALL 0x52 //寻天线区内全部卡
#define PICC_ANTICOLL1 0x93 //防冲撞
#define PICC_ANTICOLL2 0x95 //防冲撞
#define PICC_AUTHENT1A 0x60 //验证A密钥
#define PICC_AUTHENT1B 0x61 //验证B密钥
#define PICC_READ 0x30 //读块
#define PICC_WRITE 0xA0 //写块
#define PICC_DECREMENT 0xC0 //扣款
#define PICC_INCREMENT 0xC1 //充值
#define PICC_RESTORE 0xC2 //调块数据到缓冲区
#define PICC_TRANSFER 0xB0 //保存缓冲区中数据
#define PICC_HALT 0x50 //休眠
#define DEF_FIFO_LENGTH 64 //FIFO size=64byte
#define MAXRLEN 18
//MF522寄存器定义
// PAGE 0
#define RFU00 0x00
#define CommandReg 0x01
#define ComIEnReg 0x02
#define DivlEnReg 0x03
#define ComIrqReg 0x04
#define DivIrqReg 0x05
#define ErrorReg 0x06
#define Status1Reg 0x07
#define Status2Reg 0x08
#define FIFODataReg 0x09
#define FIFOLevelReg 0x0A
#define WaterLevelReg 0x0B
#define ControlReg 0x0C
#define BitFramingReg 0x0D
#define CollReg 0x0E
#define RFU0F 0x0F
// PAGE 1
#define RFU10 0x10
#define ModeReg 0x11
#define TxModeReg 0x12
#define RxModeReg 0x13
#define TxControlReg 0x14
#define TxAutoReg 0x15
#define TxSelReg 0x16
#define RxSelReg 0x17
#define RxThresholdReg 0x18
#define DemodReg 0x19
#define RFU1A 0x1A
#define RFU1B 0x1B
#define MifareReg 0x1C
#define RFU1D 0x1D
#define RFU1E 0x1E
#define SerialSpeedReg 0x1F
// PAGE 2
#define RFU20 0x20
#define CRCResultRegM 0x21
#define CRCResultRegL 0x22
#define RFU23 0x23
#define ModWidthReg 0x24
#define RFU25 0x25
#define RFCfgReg 0x26
#define GsNReg 0x27
#define CWGsCfgReg 0x28
#define ModGsCfgReg 0x29
#define TModeReg 0x2A
#define TPrescalerReg 0x2B
#define TReloadRegH 0x2C
#define TReloadRegL 0x2D
#define TCounterValueRegH 0x2E
#define TCounterValueRegL 0x2F
// PAGE 3
#define RFU30 0x30
#define TestSel1Reg 0x31
#define TestSel2Reg 0x32
#define TestPinEnReg 0x33
#define TestPinValueReg 0x34
#define TestBusReg 0x35
#define AutoTestReg 0x36
#define VersionReg 0x37
#define AnalogTestReg 0x38
#define TestDAC1Reg 0x39
#define TestDAC2Reg 0x3A
#define TestADCReg 0x3B
#define RFU3C 0x3C
#define RFU3D 0x3D
#define RFU3E 0x3E
#define RFU3F 0x3F
//和RC522通讯时返回的M1卡状态
#define MI_OK 0x26
#define MI_NOTAGERR 0xcc
#define MI_ERR 0xbb
//和MF522通讯时返回的错误代码
#define SHAQU1 0X01
#define KUAI4 0X04
#define KUAI7 0X07
#define REGCARD 0xa1
#define CONSUME 0xa2
#define READCARD 0xa3
#define ADDMONEY 0xa4
#define SPI_RC522_ReadByte() SPI_RC522_SendByte(0)
#define SET_SPI_CS (GPIOF->BSRR=0X01)
#define CLR_SPI_CS (GPIOF->BRR=0X01)
#define SET_RC522RST GPIOF->BSRR=0X02
#define CLR_RC522RST GPIOF->BRR=0X02
/***********************RC522 函数宏定义**********************/
#define RC522_CS_Enable() GPIO_ResetBits ( GPIOA, GPIO_Pin_4 )
#define RC522_CS_Disable() GPIO_SetBits ( GPIOA, GPIO_Pin_4 )
#define RC522_Reset_Enable() GPIO_ResetBits( GPIOB, GPIO_Pin_0 )
#define RC522_Reset_Disable() GPIO_SetBits ( GPIOB, GPIO_Pin_0 )
#define RC522_SCK_0() GPIO_ResetBits( GPIOA, GPIO_Pin_5 )
#define RC522_SCK_1() GPIO_SetBits ( GPIOA, GPIO_Pin_5 )
#define RC522_MOSI_0() GPIO_ResetBits( GPIOA, GPIO_Pin_7 )
#define RC522_MOSI_1() GPIO_SetBits ( GPIOA, GPIO_Pin_7 )
#define RC522_MISO_GET() GPIO_ReadInputDataBit ( GPIOA, GPIO_Pin_6 )
u8 SPI_RC522_SendByte ( u8 byte);
u8 ReadRawRC ( u8 ucAddress );
void WriteRawRC ( u8 ucAddress, u8 ucValue );
void SPI1_Init ( void );
void RC522_Handel ( void );
void RC522_Init ( void ); //初始化
void PcdReset ( void ); //复位
void M500PcdConfigISOType ( u8 type ); //工作方式
char PcdRequest ( u8 req_code, u8 pTagType ); //寻卡
char PcdAnticoll ( u8 pSnr); //防冲撞
void PcdAntennaOn ( void ); //开启天线
void PcdAntennaOff ( void ); //关闭天线
void SetBitMask ( u8 ucReg, u8 ucMask );
void ClearBitMask ( u8 ucReg, u8 ucMask );
char PcdSelect ( u8 pSnr ); //选择卡片
char PcdAuthState ( u8 ucAuth_mode, u8 ucAddr, u8 pKey, u8 pSnr ); //验证密码
char PcdWrite ( u8 ucAddr, u8 pData );
char PcdRead ( u8 ucAddr, u8 pData );
void ShowID ( u16 x,u16 y, u8 p, u16 charColor, u16 bkColor); //显示卡的卡号，以十六进制显示
char PcdHalt ( void ); //命令卡片进入休眠状态
void CalulateCRC ( u8 pIndata, u8 ucLen, u8 pOutData );
#endif
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RC522.c
#include "rc522.h"
#include "./SysTick/bsp_SysTick.h"
#include "./usart/bsp_usart.h"
#include "stm32f10x_spi.h"
// M1卡分为16个扇区，每个扇区由四个块（块0、块1、块2、块3）组成
// 将16个扇区的64个块按绝对地址编号为：0~63
// 第0个扇区的块0（即绝对地址0块），用于存放厂商代码，已经固化不可更改
// 每个扇区的块0、块1、块2为数据块，可用于存放数据
// 每个扇区的块3为控制块（绝对地址为:块3、块7、块11.....）包括密码A，存取控制、密码B等
/*******************************
*连线说明：
*1--SDA <----->PA4
*2--SCK <----->PA5
*3--MOSI <----->PA7
*4--MISO <----->PA6
*5--悬空
*6--GND <----->GND
*7--RST <----->PB0
*8--VCC <----->VCC
************************************/
#define RC522_DELAY() delay_us( 2 )
/全局变量/
unsigned char CT[2]; //卡类型
unsigned char SN[4]; //卡号
unsigned char RFID[16]; //存放RFID
unsigned char lxl_bit=0;
unsigned char card1_bit=0;
unsigned char card2_bit=0;
unsigned char card3_bit=0;
unsigned char card4_bit=0;
unsigned char total=0;
unsigned char lxl[4]={196,58,104,217};
unsigned char card_1[4]={83,106,11,1};
unsigned char card_2[4]={208,121,31,57};
unsigned char card_3[4]={176,177,143,165};
unsigned char card_4[4]={5,158,10,136};
u8 KEY[6]={0xff,0xff,0xff,0xff,0xff,0xff};
u8 AUDIO_OPEN[6] = {0xAA, 0x07, 0x02, 0x00, 0x09, 0xBC};
unsigned char RFID1[16]={0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0xff,0x07,0x80,0x29,0xff,0xff,0xff,0xff,0xff,0xff};
/函数声明/
unsigned char status;
unsigned char s=0x08;
/* 函数名：RC522_Init
描述 ：初始化RC522配置
输入 ：无
返回 : 无
调用 ：外部调用 */
void RC522_Init ( void )
{
SPI1_Init();
RC522_Reset_Disable(); //将RST置高，启动内部复位阶段；
PcdReset (); //复位RC522
PcdAntennaOff(); //关闭天线
RC522_DELAY(); //delay 1ms
PcdAntennaOn(); //打开天线
M500PcdConfigISOType ( 'A' ); //设置工作方式
}
/* 函数名：SPI1_Init
描述 ：初始化SPI1的配置
输入 ：无
返回 : 无
调用 ：外部调用 */
void SPI1_Init (void)
{
SPI_InitTypeDef SPI_InitStructure;
GPIO_InitTypeDef GPIO_InitStructure;
RCC_APB2PeriphClockCmd( RCC_APB2Periph_GPIOA | RCC_APB2Periph_GPIOB, ENABLE );//PORTB时钟使能
// CS
GPIO_InitStructure.GPIO_Pin = GPIO_Pin_4;
GPIO_InitStructure.GPIO_Mode = GPIO_Mode_Out_PP; //推挽输出
GPIO_InitStructure.GPIO_Speed = GPIO_Speed_50MHz; //IO口速度为50MHz
GPIO_Init(GPIOA, &GPIO_InitStructure); //根据设定参数初始化PF0、PF1
// SCK
GPIO_InitStructure.GPIO_Pin = GPIO_Pin_5;
GPIO_Init(GPIOA, &GPIO_InitStructure);
// MISO
GPIO_InitStructure.GPIO_Pin = GPIO_Pin_6;
GPIO_Init(GPIOA, &GPIO_InitStructure);
// MOSI
GPIO_InitStructure.GPIO_Pin = GPIO_Pin_7;
GPIO_Init(GPIOA, &GPIO_InitStructure);
// RST
GPIO_InitStructure.GPIO_Pin = GPIO_Pin_0;
GPIO_Init(GPIOB, &GPIO_InitStructure);
<span class="token comment">//置高CS口</span>
RC522_CS_Disable();
//其他SPI1配置
SPI_InitStructure.SPI_Direction = SPI_Direction_2Lines_FullDuplex; //全双工；
SPI_InitStructure.SPI_Mode = SPI_Mode_Master; //主机模式；
SPI_InitStructure.SPI_DataSize = SPI_DataSize_8b; //传输数据为8位；
SPI_InitStructure.SPI_CPOL = SPI_CPOL_Low; //时钟极性CPOL为空闲时低电平；
SPI_InitStructure.SPI_CPHA = SPI_CPHA_1Edge; //时钟采样点为时钟奇数沿（上升沿）；
SPI_InitStructure.SPI_NSS = SPI_NSS_Soft; //NSS引脚由软件改变；
SPI_InitStructure.SPI_BaudRatePrescaler = SPI_BaudRatePrescaler_64; //预分频系数64；
SPI_InitStructure.SPI_FirstBit = SPI_FirstBit_MSB; //MSB先行模式；
SPI_InitStructure.SPI_CRCPolynomial = 7; //CRC校验；
//初始化SPI1
SPI_Init(SPI1 , &SPI_InitStructure);
//使能SPI1
SPI_Cmd(SPI1 , ENABLE);
}
/* 函数名：PcdRese
描述 ：复位RC522
输入 ：无
返回 : 无
调用 ：外部调用 */
void PcdReset ( void )
{
RC522_Reset_Disable();
delay_us ( 1 );
RC522_Reset_Enable();
delay_us ( 1 );
RC522_Reset_Disable();
delay_us ( 1 );
WriteRawRC ( CommandReg, 0x0f );
while ( ReadRawRC ( CommandReg ) & 0x10 );
delay_us ( 1 );
WriteRawRC ( ModeReg, 0x3D ); //定义发送和接收常用模式 和Mifare卡通讯，CRC初始值0x6363
WriteRawRC ( TReloadRegL, 30 ); //16位定时器低位
WriteRawRC ( TReloadRegH, 0 ); //16位定时器高位
WriteRawRC ( TModeReg, 0x8D ); //定义内部定时器的设置
WriteRawRC ( TPrescalerReg, 0x3E ); //设置定时器分频系数
WriteRawRC ( TxAutoReg, 0x40 ); //调制发送信号为100%ASK
}
/* 函数名：SPI_RC522_SendByte
描述 ：向RC522发送1 Byte 数据
输入 ：byte，要发送的数据
返回 : RC522返回的数据
调用 ：内部调用 */
u8 SPI_RC522_SendByte ( u8 byte )
{
while (SPI_I2S_GetFlagStatus(SPI1, SPI_I2S_FLAG_TXE) RESET);
SPI_I2S_SendData(SPI1, byte);
while (SPI_I2S_GetFlagStatus(SPI1, SPI_I2S_FLAG_RXNE) RESET);
return SPI_I2S_ReceiveData(SPI1);
}
/* 函数名：ReadRawRC
描述 ：读RC522寄存器
输入 ：ucAddress，寄存器地址
返回 : 寄存器的当前值
调用 ：内部调用 */
u8 ReadRawRC ( u8 ucAddress )
{
u8 ucAddr, ucReturn;
ucAddr = ( ( ucAddress << 1 ) & 0x7E ) | 0x80;
RC522_CS_Enable();
SPI_RC522_SendByte ( ucAddr );
ucReturn = SPI_RC522_ReadByte ();
RC522_CS_Disable();
return ucReturn;
}
/* 函数名：WriteRawRC
描述 ：写RC522寄存器
输入 ：ucAddress，寄存器地址 、 ucValue，写入寄存器的值
返回 : 无
调用 ：内部调用 */
void WriteRawRC ( u8 ucAddress, u8 ucValue )
{
u8 ucAddr;
ucAddr = ( ucAddress << 1 ) & 0x7E;
RC522_CS_Enable();
SPI_RC522_SendByte ( ucAddr );
SPI_RC522_SendByte ( ucValue );
RC522_CS_Disable();
}
/* 函数名：M500PcdConfigISOType
描述 ：设置RC522的工作方式
输入 ：ucType，工作方式
返回 : 无
调用 ：外部调用 */
void M500PcdConfigISOType ( u8 ucType )
{
if ( ucType == 'A') //ISO14443_A
{
ClearBitMask ( Status2Reg, 0x08 );
WriteRawRC ( ModeReg, 0x3D );//3F
WriteRawRC ( RxSelReg, 0x86 );//84
WriteRawRC ( RFCfgReg, 0x7F ); //4F
WriteRawRC ( TReloadRegL, 30 );//tmoLength);// TReloadVal = 'h6a =tmoLength(dec)
WriteRawRC ( TReloadRegH, 0 );
WriteRawRC ( TModeReg, 0x8D );
WriteRawRC ( TPrescalerReg, 0x3E );
delay_us ( 2 );
PcdAntennaOn <span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span><span class="token comment">//开天线</span>
}
}
/*
函数名：SetBitMask
描述 ：对RC522寄存器置位
输入 ：ucReg，寄存器地址
ucMask，置位值
返回 : 无
调用 ：内部调用
*/
void SetBitMask ( u8 ucReg, u8 ucMask )
{
u8 ucTemp;
ucTemp = ReadRawRC ( ucReg );
WriteRawRC ( ucReg, ucTemp | ucMask ); // set bit mask
}
/* 函数名：ClearBitMask
描述 ：对RC522寄存器清位
输入 ：ucReg，寄存器地址
ucMask，清位值
返回 : 无
调用 ：内部调用 */
void ClearBitMask ( u8 ucReg, u8 ucMask )
{
u8 ucTemp;
ucTemp = ReadRawRC ( ucReg );
WriteRawRC ( ucReg, ucTemp & ( ~ ucMask) ); // clear bit mask
}
/* 函数名：PcdAntennaOn
描述 ：开启天线
输入 ：无
返回 : 无
调用 ：内部调用 */
void PcdAntennaOn ( void )
{
u8 uc;
uc = ReadRawRC ( TxControlReg );
if ( ! ( uc & 0x03 ) )
SetBitMask(TxControlReg, 0x03);
}
/* 函数名：PcdAntennaOff
描述 ：开启天线
输入 ：无
返回 : 无
调用 ：内部调用 */
void PcdAntennaOff ( void )
{
ClearBitMask ( TxControlReg, 0x03 );
}
void ShowID(u16 x,u16 y, u8 *p, u16 charColor, u16 bkColor) //显示卡的卡号，以十六进制显示
{
u8 num[9];
<span class="token function">printf</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"ID>>>%s\r\n"</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> num<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
}
/* 函数名：PcdComMF522
描述 ：通过RC522和ISO14443卡通讯
输入 ：ucCommand，RC522命令字
pInData，通过RC522发送到卡片的数据
ucInLenByte，发送数据的字节长度
pOutData，接收到的卡片返回数据
pOutLenBit，返回数据的位长度
返回 : 状态值
= MI_OK，成功
调用 ：内部调用 /
char PcdComMF522 ( u8 ucCommand, u8 pInData, u8 ucInLenByte, u8 pOutData, u32 pOutLenBit )
{
char cStatus = MI_ERR;
u8 ucIrqEn = 0x00;
u8 ucWaitFor = 0x00;
u8 ucLastBits;
u8 ucN;
u32 ul;
switch ( ucCommand )
{
case PCD_AUTHENT: //Mifare认证
ucIrqEn = 0x12; //允许错误中断请求ErrIEn 允许空闲中断IdleIEn
ucWaitFor = 0x10; //认证寻卡等待时候 查询空闲中断标志位
break;
<span class="token keyword">case</span> PCD_TRANSCEIVE<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token comment">//接收发送 发送接收</span>
ucIrqEn <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token number">0x77</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span> <span class="token comment">//允许TxIEn RxIEn IdleIEn LoAlertIEn ErrIEn TimerIEn</span>
ucWaitFor <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token number">0x30</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span> <span class="token comment">//寻卡等待时候 查询接收中断标志位与 空闲中断标志位</span>
<span class="token keyword">break</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">default</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span>
<span class="token keyword">break</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
}
WriteRawRC ( ComIEnReg, ucIrqEn | 0x80 ); //IRqInv置位管脚IRQ与Status1Reg的IRq位的值相反
ClearBitMask ( ComIrqReg, 0x80 ); //Set1该位清零时，CommIRqReg的屏蔽位清零
WriteRawRC ( CommandReg, PCD_IDLE ); //写空闲命令
SetBitMask ( FIFOLevelReg, 0x80 ); //置位FlushBuffer清除内部FIFO的读和写指针以及ErrReg的BufferOvfl标志位被清除
for ( ul = 0; ul < ucInLenByte; ul ++ )
WriteRawRC ( FIFODataReg, pInData [ ul ] ); //写数据进FIFOdata
WriteRawRC ( CommandReg, ucCommand ); //写命令
if ( ucCommand == PCD_TRANSCEIVE )
SetBitMask(BitFramingReg,0x80); //StartSend置位启动数据发送 该位与收发命令使用时才有效
ul = 1000;//根据时钟频率调整，操作M1卡最大等待时间25ms
do //认证 与寻卡等待时间
{
ucN = ReadRawRC ( ComIrqReg ); //查询事件中断
ul --;
} while ( ( ul != 0 ) && ( ! ( ucN & 0x01 ) ) && ( ! ( ucN & ucWaitFor ) ) ); //退出条件i=0,定时器中断，与写空闲命令
ClearBitMask ( BitFramingReg, 0x80 ); //清理允许StartSend位
if ( ul != 0 )
{
if ( ! (( ReadRawRC ( ErrorReg ) & 0x1B )) ) //读错误标志寄存器BufferOfI CollErr ParityErr ProtocolErr
{
cStatus = MI_OK;
<span class="token keyword">if</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span> ucN <span class="token operator">&</span> ucIrqEn <span class="token operator">&</span> <span class="token number">0x01</span> <span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token comment">//是否发生定时器中断</span>
cStatus <span class="token operator">=</span> MI_NOTAGERR<span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">if</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span> ucCommand <span class="token operator">==</span> PCD_TRANSCEIVE <span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">{<!-- --></span>
ucN <span class="token operator">=</span> ReadRawRC <span class="token punctuation">(</span> FIFOLevelReg <span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span> <span class="token comment">//读FIFO中保存的字节数</span>
ucLastBits <span class="token operator">=</span> ReadRawRC <span class="token punctuation">(</span> ControlReg <span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token operator">&</span> <span class="token number">0x07</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span> <span class="token comment">//最后接收到得字节的有效位数</span>
<span class="token keyword">if</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span> ucLastBits <span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token operator">*</span> pOutLenBit <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span> ucN <span class="token operator">-</span> <span class="token number">1</span> <span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token operator">*</span> <span class="token number">8</span> <span class="token operator">+</span> ucLastBits<span class="token punctuation">;</span> <span class="token comment">//N个字节数减去1（最后一个字节）+最后一位的位数 读取到的数据总位数</span>
<span class="token keyword">else</span>
<span class="token operator">*</span> pOutLenBit <span class="token operator">=</span> ucN <span class="token operator">*</span> <span class="token number">8</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span> <span class="token comment">//最后接收到的字节整个字节有效</span>
<span class="token keyword">if</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span> ucN <span class="token operator">==</span> <span class="token number">0</span> <span class="token punctuation">)</span>
ucN <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token number">1</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">if</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span> ucN <span class="token operator">></span> MAXRLEN <span class="token punctuation">)</span>
ucN <span class="token operator">=</span> MAXRLEN<span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">for</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span> ul <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token number">0</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span> ul <span class="token operator"><</span> ucN<span class="token punctuation">;</span> ul <span class="token operator">++</span> <span class="token punctuation">)</span>
pOutData <span class="token punctuation">[</span> ul <span class="token punctuation">]</span> <span class="token operator">=</span> ReadRawRC <span class="token punctuation">(</span> FIFODataReg <span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token keyword">else</span>
cStatus <span class="token operator">=</span> MI_ERR<span class="token punctuation">;</span>
}
SetBitMask ( ControlReg, 0x80 ); // stop timer now
WriteRawRC ( CommandReg, PCD_IDLE );
return cStatus;
}
/* 函数名：PcdRequest
描述 ：寻卡
输入 ：ucReq_code，寻卡方式
= 0x52，寻感应区内所有符合14443A标准的卡
= 0x26，寻未进入休眠状态的卡
pTagType，卡片类型代码
= 0x4400，Mifare_UltraLight
= 0x0400，Mifare_One(S50)
= 0x0200，Mifare_One(S70)
= 0x0800，Mifare_Pro(X))
= 0x4403，Mifare_DESFire
返回 : 状态值
= MI_OK，成功
调用 ：外部调用 /
char PcdRequest ( u8 ucReq_code, u8 pTagType )
{
char cStatus;
u8 ucComMF522Buf [ MAXRLEN ];
u32 ulLen;
ClearBitMask ( Status2Reg, 0x08 ); //清理指示MIFARECyptol单元接通以及所有卡的数据通信被加密的情况
WriteRawRC ( BitFramingReg, 0x07 ); // 发送的最后一个字节的 七位
SetBitMask ( TxControlReg, 0x03 ); //TX1,TX2管脚的输出信号传递经发送调制的13.56的能量载波信号
ucComMF522Buf [ 0 ] = ucReq_code; //存入 卡片命令字
cStatus = PcdComMF522 ( PCD_TRANSCEIVE, ucComMF522Buf, 1, ucComMF522Buf, & ulLen ); //寻卡
if ( ( cStatus MI_OK ) && ( ulLen 0x10 ) ) //寻卡成功返回卡类型
{
pTagType = ucComMF522Buf [ 0 ];
( pTagType + 1 ) = ucComMF522Buf [ 1 ];
}
else
cStatus = MI_ERR;
return cStatus;
}
/* 函数名：PcdAnticoll
描述 ：防冲撞
输入 ：pSnr，卡片序列号，4字节
返回 : 状态值
= MI_OK，成功
调用 ：外部调用 /
char PcdAnticoll ( u8 pSnr )
{
char cStatus;
u8 uc, ucSnr_check = 0;
u8 ucComMF522Buf [ MAXRLEN ];
u32 ulLen;
ClearBitMask ( Status2Reg, 0x08 ); //清MFCryptol On位 只有成功执行MFAuthent命令后，该位才能置位
WriteRawRC ( BitFramingReg, 0x00); //清理寄存器 停止收发
ClearBitMask ( CollReg, 0x80 ); //清ValuesAfterColl所有接收的位在冲突后被清除
ucComMF522Buf [ 0 ] = 0x93; //卡片防冲突命令
ucComMF522Buf [ 1 ] = 0x20;
cStatus = PcdComMF522 ( PCD_TRANSCEIVE, ucComMF522Buf, 2, ucComMF522Buf, & ulLen);//与卡片通信
if ( cStatus == MI_OK) //通信成功
{
for ( uc = 0; uc < 4; uc ++ )
{
* ( pSnr + uc ) = ucComMF522Buf [ uc ]; //读出UID
ucSnr_check ^= ucComMF522Buf [ uc ];
}
<span class="token keyword">if</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span> ucSnr_check <span class="token operator">!=</span> ucComMF522Buf <span class="token punctuation">[</span> uc <span class="token punctuation">]</span> <span class="token punctuation">)</span>
cStatus <span class="token operator">=</span> MI_ERR<span class="token punctuation">;</span>
}
SetBitMask ( CollReg, 0x80 );
return cStatus;
}
/* 函数名：PcdSelect
描述 ：选定卡片
输入 ：pSnr，卡片序列号，4字节
返回 : 状态值
= MI_OK，成功
调用 ：外部调用 /
char PcdSelect ( u8 pSnr )
{
char ucN;
u8 uc;
u8 ucComMF522Buf [ MAXRLEN ];
u32 ulLen;
ucComMF522Buf [ 0 ] = PICC_ANTICOLL1;
ucComMF522Buf [ 1 ] = 0x70;
ucComMF522Buf [ 6 ] = 0;
for ( uc = 0; uc < 4; uc ++ )
{
ucComMF522Buf [ uc + 2 ] = ( pSnr + uc );
ucComMF522Buf [ 6 ] ^= ( pSnr + uc );
}
CalulateCRC ( ucComMF522Buf, 7, & ucComMF522Buf [ 7 ] );
ClearBitMask ( Status2Reg, 0x08 );
ucN = PcdComMF522 ( PCD_TRANSCEIVE, ucComMF522Buf, 9, ucComMF522Buf, & ulLen );
if ( ( ucN MI_OK ) && ( ulLen 0x18 ) )
ucN = MI_OK;
else
ucN = MI_ERR;
return ucN;
}
/* 函数名：CalulateCRC
描述 ：用RC522计算CRC16
输入 ：pIndata，计算CRC16的数组
ucLen，计算CRC16的数组字节长度
pOutData，存放计算结果存放的首地址
返回 : 无
调用 ：内部调用 /
void CalulateCRC ( u8 pIndata, u8 ucLen, u8 * pOutData )
{
u8 uc, ucN;
ClearBitMask(DivIrqReg,0x04);
WriteRawRC(CommandReg,PCD_IDLE);
SetBitMask(FIFOLevelReg,0x80);
for ( uc = 0; uc < ucLen; uc ++)
WriteRawRC ( FIFODataReg, * ( pIndata + uc ) );
WriteRawRC ( CommandReg, PCD_CALCCRC );
uc = 0xFF;
do {
ucN = ReadRawRC ( DivIrqReg );
uc --;}
while ( ( uc != 0 ) && ! ( ucN & 0x04 ) );
pOutData [ 0 ] = ReadRawRC ( CRCResultRegL );
pOutData [ 1 ] = ReadRawRC ( CRCResultRegM );
}
/* 函数名：PcdAuthState
描述 ：验证卡片密码
输入 ：ucAuth_mode，密码验证模式
= 0x60，验证A密钥
= 0x61，验证B密钥
u8 ucAddr，块地址
pKey，密码
pSnr，卡片序列号，4字节
返回 : 状态值
= MI_OK，成功
调用 ：外部调用 /
char PcdAuthState ( u8 ucAuth_mode, u8 ucAddr, u8 pKey, u8 * pSnr )
{
char cStatus;
u8 uc, ucComMF522Buf [ MAXRLEN ];
u32 ulLen;
ucComMF522Buf [ 0 ] = ucAuth_mode;
ucComMF522Buf [ 1 ] = ucAddr;
for ( uc = 0; uc < 6; uc ++ )
ucComMF522Buf [ uc + 2 ] = * ( pKey + uc );
for ( uc = 0; uc < 6; uc ++ )
ucComMF522Buf [ uc + 8 ] = * ( pSnr + uc );
cStatus = PcdComMF522 ( PCD_AUTHENT, ucComMF522Buf, 12, ucComMF522Buf, & ulLen );
if ( ( cStatus != MI_OK ) || ( ! ( ReadRawRC ( Status2Reg ) & 0x08 ) ) ){
cStatus = MI_ERR;
}
return cStatus;
}
/* 函数名：PcdWrite
描述 ：写数据到M1卡一块
输入 ：u8 ucAddr，块地址
pData，写入的数据，16字节
返回 : 状态值
= MI_OK，成功
调用 ：外部调用 /
char PcdWrite ( u8 ucAddr, u8 pData )
{
char cStatus;
u8 uc, ucComMF522Buf [ MAXRLEN ];
u32 ulLen;
ucComMF522Buf [ 0 ] = PICC_WRITE;
ucComMF522Buf [ 1 ] = ucAddr;
CalulateCRC ( ucComMF522Buf, 2, & ucComMF522Buf [ 2 ] );
cStatus = PcdComMF522 ( PCD_TRANSCEIVE, ucComMF522Buf, 4, ucComMF522Buf, & ulLen );
if ( ( cStatus != MI_OK ) || ( ulLen != 4 ) || ( ( ucComMF522Buf [ 0 ] & 0x0F ) != 0x0A ) )
cStatus = MI_ERR;
if ( cStatus == MI_OK )
{
memcpy(ucComMF522Buf, pData, 16);
for ( uc = 0; uc < 16; uc ++ )
ucComMF522Buf [ uc ] = * ( pData + uc );
CalulateCRC ( ucComMF522Buf, 16, & ucComMF522Buf [ 16 ] );
cStatus = PcdComMF522 ( PCD_TRANSCEIVE, ucComMF522Buf, 18, ucComMF522Buf, & ulLen );
<span class="token keyword">if</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span> cStatus <span class="token operator">!=</span> MI_OK <span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token operator">||</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span> ulLen <span class="token operator">!=</span> <span class="token number">4</span> <span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token operator">||</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span> ucComMF522Buf <span class="token punctuation">[</span> <span class="token number">0</span> <span class="token punctuation">]</span> <span class="token operator">&</span> <span class="token number">0x0F</span> <span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token operator">!=</span> <span class="token number">0x0A</span> <span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">)</span>
cStatus <span class="token operator">=</span> MI_ERR<span class="token punctuation">;</span>
}
return cStatus;
}
/* 函数名：PcdRead
描述 ：读取M1卡一块数据
输入 ：u8 ucAddr，块地址
pData，读出的数据，16字节
返回 : 状态值
= MI_OK，成功
调用 ：外部调用 /
char PcdRead ( u8 ucAddr, u8 pData )
{
char cStatus;
u8 uc, ucComMF522Buf [ MAXRLEN ];
u32 ulLen;
ucComMF522Buf [ 0 ] = PICC_READ;
ucComMF522Buf [ 1 ] = ucAddr;
CalulateCRC ( ucComMF522Buf, 2, & ucComMF522Buf [ 2 ] );
cStatus = PcdComMF522 ( PCD_TRANSCEIVE, ucComMF522Buf, 4, ucComMF522Buf, & ulLen );
if ( ( cStatus MI_OK ) && ( ulLen 0x90 ) )
{
for ( uc = 0; uc < 16; uc ++ )
* ( pData + uc ) = ucComMF522Buf [ uc ];
}
else
cStatus = MI_ERR;
return cStatus;
}
/* 函数名：PcdHalt
描述 ：命令卡片进入休眠状态
输入 ：无
返回 : 状态值
= MI_OK，成功
调用 ：外部调用 */
char PcdHalt( void )
{
u8 ucComMF522Buf [ MAXRLEN ];
u32 ulLen;
ucComMF522Buf [ 0 ] = PICC_HALT;
ucComMF522Buf [ 1 ] = 0;
CalulateCRC ( ucComMF522Buf, 2, & ucComMF522Buf [ 2 ] );
PcdComMF522 ( PCD_TRANSCEIVE, ucComMF522Buf, 4, ucComMF522Buf, & ulLen );
return MI_OK;
}
<span class="token comment">//置高CS口</span>
PcdAntennaOn <span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span><span class="token comment">//开天线</span>
ucMask，置位值
ucMask，清位值
<span class="token function">printf</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"ID>>>%s\r\n"</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> num<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
pInData，通过RC522发送到卡片的数据
ucInLenByte，发送数据的字节长度
pOutData，接收到的卡片返回数据
pOutLenBit，返回数据的位长度
= MI_OK，成功
<span class="token keyword">case</span> PCD_TRANSCEIVE<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token comment">//接收发送 发送接收</span>
ucIrqEn <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token number">0x77</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span> <span class="token comment">//允许TxIEn RxIEn IdleIEn LoAlertIEn ErrIEn TimerIEn</span>
ucWaitFor <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token number">0x30</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span> <span class="token comment">//寻卡等待时候 查询接收中断标志位与 空闲中断标志位</span>
<span class="token keyword">break</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">default</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span>
<span class="token keyword">break</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">if</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span> ucN <span class="token operator">&</span> ucIrqEn <span class="token operator">&</span> <span class="token number">0x01</span> <span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token comment">//是否发生定时器中断</span>
cStatus <span class="token operator">=</span> MI_NOTAGERR<span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">if</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span> ucCommand <span class="token operator">==</span> PCD_TRANSCEIVE <span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">{<!-- --></span>
ucN <span class="token operator">=</span> ReadRawRC <span class="token punctuation">(</span> FIFOLevelReg <span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span> <span class="token comment">//读FIFO中保存的字节数</span>
ucLastBits <span class="token operator">=</span> ReadRawRC <span class="token punctuation">(</span> ControlReg <span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token operator">&</span> <span class="token number">0x07</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span> <span class="token comment">//最后接收到得字节的有效位数</span>
<span class="token keyword">if</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span> ucLastBits <span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token operator">*</span> pOutLenBit <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span> ucN <span class="token operator">-</span> <span class="token number">1</span> <span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token operator">*</span> <span class="token number">8</span> <span class="token operator">+</span> ucLastBits<span class="token punctuation">;</span> <span class="token comment">//N个字节数减去1（最后一个字节）+最后一位的位数 读取到的数据总位数</span>
<span class="token keyword">else</span>
<span class="token operator">*</span> pOutLenBit <span class="token operator">=</span> ucN <span class="token operator">*</span> <span class="token number">8</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span> <span class="token comment">//最后接收到的字节整个字节有效</span>
<span class="token keyword">if</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span> ucN <span class="token operator">==</span> <span class="token number">0</span> <span class="token punctuation">)</span>
ucN <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token number">1</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">if</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span> ucN <span class="token operator">></span> MAXRLEN <span class="token punctuation">)</span>
ucN <span class="token operator">=</span> MAXRLEN<span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">for</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span> ul <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token number">0</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span> ul <span class="token operator"><</span> ucN<span class="token punctuation">;</span> ul <span class="token operator">++</span> <span class="token punctuation">)</span>
pOutData <span class="token punctuation">[</span> ul <span class="token punctuation">]</span> <span class="token operator">=</span> ReadRawRC <span class="token punctuation">(</span> FIFODataReg <span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token keyword">else</span>
cStatus <span class="token operator">=</span> MI_ERR<span class="token punctuation">;</span>
= 0x52，寻感应区内所有符合14443A标准的卡
= 0x26，寻未进入休眠状态的卡
pTagType，卡片类型代码
= 0x4400，Mifare_UltraLight
= 0x0400，Mifare_One(S50)
= 0x0200，Mifare_One(S70)
= 0x0800，Mifare_Pro(X))
= 0x4403，Mifare_DESFire
= MI_OK，成功
= MI_OK，成功
<span class="token keyword">if</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span> ucSnr_check <span class="token operator">!=</span> ucComMF522Buf <span class="token punctuation">[</span> uc <span class="token punctuation">]</span> <span class="token punctuation">)</span>
cStatus <span class="token operator">=</span> MI_ERR<span class="token punctuation">;</span>
= MI_OK，成功
ucLen，计算CRC16的数组字节长度
pOutData，存放计算结果存放的首地址
= 0x60，验证A密钥
= 0x61，验证B密钥
u8 ucAddr，块地址
pKey，密码
pSnr，卡片序列号，4字节
= MI_OK，成功
pData，写入的数据，16字节
= MI_OK，成功
<span class="token keyword">if</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span> cStatus <span class="token operator">!=</span> MI_OK <span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token operator">||</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span> ulLen <span class="token operator">!=</span> <span class="token number">4</span> <span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token operator">||</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span> ucComMF522Buf <span class="token punctuation">[</span> <span class="token number">0</span> <span class="token punctuation">]</span> <span class="token operator">&</span> <span class="token number">0x0F</span> <span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token operator">!=</span> <span class="token number">0x0A</span> <span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">)</span>
cStatus <span class="token operator">=</span> MI_ERR<span class="token punctuation">;</span>
pData，读出的数据，16字节
= MI_OK，成功
= MI_OK，成功
3. 出现问题及解决方法：
本人在尝试读取卡片的时候也遇到了一个问题，调试过好几天硬件和软件后，还是不能寻到卡，keil单步调试一直表示寻卡返回状态参数为：MI_ERR，最后终于调试成功，错误原因在于开发板坏了……
不过在找错误的过程中也寻找了一些其他人调试失败的原因，引以为鉴：
- 硬件问题：这种情况一般出现在自己设计PCB的童鞋身上，那么这时候就应该先购买现成模块，在调试完代码并成功的基础上再调试硬件；
- SPI传输速率设置问题：SPI口例程中的预分频默认为4，而RC522中的SPI最高速率为10MHz/S，计算可知，预分频指数至少为8，所以适当升高预分频数，据反馈，预分频为8也容易出错，所以建议32或者64甚至为256；
- SPI时序问题：根据文档中的时序图，仔细设置SPI_InitStructure.SPI_CPOL和SPI_InitStructure.SPI_CPHA这两个参数；
- SPI口的GPIO模式设置：我以前在设计TM1638芯片为核心的灯、按键模组时也出现过这个问题，后来一般全部设置为推挽输出就基本不在出现这个问题；
- 天线在复位时需要先关闭再开启；
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