[笔记]《Spring实战》- 渲染Web视图

一、理解解析

        Spring MVC定义了一个名为ViewResolver的接口,它大致如下所示:

public interface ViewResolver {
    View resolverViewName(String viewName, Locale locale) throws Exception;
}

        View是另外一个接口。

public interface View {
    String getContentType();
    void render(Map<String, ?> model, HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws Exception;
}

        View接口的任务就是接受模型以及Servlet的request和response对象,并将输出结果渲染到response中。

        我们需要做的就是编写ViewResolver和View的实现,将要渲染的内容放到response中,进而展现到用户的浏览器中。实际上,Spring提供了多个内置的实现。

二、使用Thymeleaf

1. 配置Thymeleaf视图解析器

        为了要在Spring中使用Thymeleaf,我们需要配置三个启用Thymeleaf与Spring集成的bean:

  • ThymeleafViewResolver:将逻辑视图名称解析为Thymeleaf模板视图;
  • SpringTemplateEngine:处理模板并渲染结果;
  • TemplateResolver:加载Thymeleaf模板。

        如下为声明这些bean的Java配置。

        Thymeleaf3 之前的版本:

@Bean
public ViewResolver viewResolver(SpringTemplateEngine templateEngine) {
    ThymeleafViewResolver viewResolver = new ThymeleafViewResolver();
    viewResolver.setTemplateEngine(templateEngine);
    return viewResolver;
}

@Bean
public TemplateEngine templateEngine(TemplateResolver templateResolver) {
    SpringTemplateEngine templateEngine = new SpringTemplateEngine();
    templateEngine.setTemplateResolver(templateResolver);
    return templateEngine;
}

@Bean
public TemplateResolver templateResolver() {
    TemplateResolver templateResolver = new ServletContextTemplateResolver();
    templateResolver.setPrefix("/WEB-INF/templates/");
    templateResolver.setSuffix(".html");
    templateResolver.setTemplateMode("HTML5");
    return templateResolver;
}

 

       thymeleaf3 版本:

@Bean
public ViewResolver viewResolver(SpringTemplateEngine templateEngine) {
    ThymeleafViewResolver viewResolver = new ThymeleafViewResolver();
    viewResolver.setTemplateEngine(templateEngine);
    return viewResolver;
}

@Bean
public TemplateEngine templateEngine(TemplateResolver templateResolver) {
    SpringTemplateEngine templateEngine = new SpringTemplateEngine();
    templateEngine.setTemplateResolver(templateResolver);
    return templateEngine;
}

@Bean
public ITemplateResolver templateResolver() {
    TemplateResolver templateResolver = new SpringResourceTemplateResolver();
    templateResolver.setPrefix("/WEB-INF/templates/");
    templateResolver.setSuffix(".html");
    templateResolver.setTemplateMode("HTML5");
    return templateResolver;
}

 

        如果你更愿意使用XML来配置bean,那么如下的<bean>声明能够完成该任务。

<bean id="viewResolver"
    class="org.thymeleaf.spring3.view.ThymeleafViewResolver"
    p:templateEngine-ref="templateEngine" />

<bean id="templateEngine"
    class="org.thymeleaf.spring3.SpringTemplateEngine"
    p:templateResolver-ref="templateResolver" />

<bean id="templateResolver"
    class="org.thymeleaf.templateresolver.ServletContextTemplateResolver"
    p:prefix="/WEB-INF/templates"
    p:suffix=".html"
    p:templateMode="HTML5" />

2. 定义Thymeleaf模板

        Thymeleaf在很大程度上就是HTML文件,与JSP不同,它没有什么特殊的标签或标签库。Thymeleaf之所以能够发挥作用,是因为它通过自定义的命名控件,为标准的HTML标签集合添加Thymeleaf属性。

 

posted @ 2018-05-02 12:00  水果味的C  阅读(231)  评论(0编辑  收藏  举报