1.创建表空间
导出Oracle数据的指令：exp jds/jds@192.168.99.199/orcl file=C:\jds.dmp owner=jds
导入Oracle数据的指令：imp zcl/zcl@127.0.0.1:1521/orcl file=C:\jds.dmp full=y
--第1步：创建临时表空间
CREATE TEMPORARY TABLESPACE User_Temp TEMPFILE 'E:\OrclData\DataTemp\User_Temp.dbf' SIZE 50m AUTOEXTEND ON NEXT 50m MAXSIZE 20480m EXTENT MANAGEMENT LOCAL;
--第2步：创建表空间语句(创建表空间名称：User_Data;创建位置：E:\OrclData\DataSpace\User_Data.dbf 初始大小：50m;按50M大小自动增长，最大20480M)
CREATE TABLESPACE User_Data DATAFILE 'E:\OrclData\DataSpace\User_Data.dbf'SIZE 50m AUTOEXTEND ON NEXT 50m MAXSIZE 20480m EXTENT MANAGEMENT LOCAL;
--第3步：创建表空间内的用户(创建用户名和密码 用户名：zcl 密码：zcl;默认的表空间位置：User_Data)
CREATE USER zcl IDENTIFIED BY zcl DEFAULT TABLESPACE User_Data TEMPORARY TABLESPACE User_Temp;
--第4步：给用户授予权限(赋予用户zcl权限：连接权限，修改权限，最高权限)
GRANT CONNECT,RESOURCE,DBA TO zcl;
2.创建用户、表空间并设置权限
--dba账户登录
sqlplus
请输入用户名：SysDba as sysdba
请输入口令：123456
--创建账号
create user zcl identified by zcl;
--创建临时表空间
create temporary tablespace DATA_TEMP
tempfile 'D:\ORACLE\ORADATA\ORCL\DATA_TEMP.dbf'
size 32m
autoextend on
next 32m maxsize 2048m
extent management local;
--将临时表空间分配给用户
alter user zcl temporary tablespace zcl;
--创建表空间
create tablespace TECHRPT_DATA
logging
datafile 'D:\ORACLE\ORADATA\ORCL\TECHRPT_DATA.ora'
size 50m
autoextend on
next 50m maxsize 2048m
extent management local;
--将表空间分配给用户
alter user zcl default tablespace zcl;
--授权
grant dba to zcl;
grant connect,resource to zcl;--提交
commit;
--退出
quit;
--删除用户
drop user zcl cascade;
--删除表空间
drop tablespace TECHRPT_DATA including contents and datafiles;
--修改密码
alter user system identified by system;
3.查询表空间信息
--1、查看表空间的名称及大小
SELECT t.tablespace_name, round(SUM(bytes / (1024 * 1024)), 0) ts_size
FROM dba_tablespaces t, dba_data_files d
WHERE t.tablespace_name = d.tablespace_name
GROUP BY t.tablespace_name;
--2、查看表空间物理文件的名称及大小
SELECT tablespace_name,
file_id,
file_name,
round(bytes / (1024 * 1024), 0) total_space
FROM dba_data_files
ORDER BY tablespace_name;
--3、查看回滚段名称及大小
SELECT segment_name,
tablespace_name,
r.status,
(initial_extent / 1024) initialextent,
(next_extent / 1024) nextextent,
max_extents,
v.curext curextent
FROM dba_rollback_segs r, v$rollstat v
WHERE r.segment_id = v.usn(+)
ORDER BY segment_name;
--4、查看控制文件
SELECT NAME FROM v$controlfile;
--5、查看日志文件
SELECT MEMBER FROM v$logfile;
--6、查看表空间的使用情况
SELECT SUM(bytes) / (1024 * 1024) AS free_space, tablespace_name
FROM dba_free_space
GROUP BY tablespace_name;
SELECT a.tablespace_name,
a.bytes total,
b.bytes used,
c.bytes free,
(b.bytes * 100) / a.bytes "% USED ",
(c.bytes * 100) / a.bytes "% FREE "
FROM sys.sm$ts_avail a, sys.sm$ts_used b, sys.sm$ts_free c
WHERE a.tablespace_name = b.tablespace_name
AND a.tablespace_name = c.tablespace_name;
--7、查看数据库库对象
SELECT owner, object_type, status, COUNT(*) count#
FROM all_objects
GROUP BY owner, object_type, status;
--8、查看数据库的版本
SELECT version
FROM product_component_version
WHERE substr(product, 1, 6) = 'Oracle';
--9、查看数据库的创建日期和归档方式
SELECT created, log_mode, log_mode FROM v$database;
--10、综合查询
--1G=1024MB
--1M=1024KB
--1K=1024Bytes
--1M=11048576Bytes
--1G=1024*11048576Bytes=11313741824Bytes
SELECT a.tablespace_name "表空间名",
total "表空间大小",
free "表空间剩余大小",
(total - free) "表空间使用大小",
total / (1024 * 1024 * 1024) "表空间大小(G)",
free / (1024 * 1024 * 1024) "表空间剩余大小(G)",
(total - free) / (1024 * 1024 * 1024) "表空间使用大小(G)",
round((total - free) / total, 4) * 100 "使用率 %"
FROM (SELECT tablespace_name, SUM(bytes) free
FROM dba_free_space
GROUP BY tablespace_name) a,
(SELECT tablespace_name, SUM(bytes) total
FROM dba_data_files
GROUP BY tablespace_name) b
WHERE a.tablespace_name = b.tablespace_name
4.查询用户所属表空间
select username,default_tablespace from dba_users where username='ZCL';
