【毕业设计系列】017：语音信号的分帧加窗及其Matlab实现

Date: 2019-5-11

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1、参考

语音信号的分帧加窗
 什么是窗函数?
几种常见窗函数
 Spectral leakage（谱泄漏）

2、语音信号的分帧加窗

语音信号具有短时平稳性。
分帧是为了将无限长的语音信号，分成一段一段的，因为语音信号具有短时平稳性，方便处理，加窗是为了使分帧后的语音信号更加平稳。窗函数主要有矩形窗和汉明窗。加窗主要是为了使时域信号似乎更好地满足FFT处理的周期性要求，减少泄漏。

3、Matlab实现(部分)

function varargout = Shiyufenxi(varargin)
% SHIYUFENXI MATLAB code for Shiyufenxi.fig
%      SHIYUFENXI, by itself, creates a new SHIYUFENXI or raises the existing
%      singleton*.
%
%      H = SHIYUFENXI returns the handle to a new SHIYUFENXI or the handle to
%      the existing singleton*.
%
%      SHIYUFENXI('CALLBACK',hObject,eventData,handles,...) calls the local
%      function named CALLBACK in SHIYUFENXI.M with the given input arguments.
%
%      SHIYUFENXI('Property','Value',...) creates a new SHIYUFENXI or raises the
%      existing singleton*.  Starting from the left, property value pairs are
%      applied to the GUI before Shiyufenxi_OpeningFcn gets called.  An
%      unrecognized property name or invalid value makes property application
%      stop.  All inputs are passed to Shiyufenxi_OpeningFcn via varargin.
%
%      *See GUI Options on GUIDE's Tools menu.  Choose "GUI allows only one
%      instance to run (singleton)".
%
% See also: GUIDE, GUIDATA, GUIHANDLES

% Edit the above text to modify the response to help Shiyufenxi

% Last Modified by GUIDE v2.5 07-May-2019 07:50:18

% Begin initialization code - DO NOT EDIT
gui_Singleton = 1;
gui_State = struct('gui_Name',       mfilename, ...
                   'gui_Singleton',  gui_Singleton, ...
                   'gui_OpeningFcn', @Shiyufenxi_OpeningFcn, ...
                   'gui_OutputFcn',  @Shiyufenxi_OutputFcn, ...
                   'gui_LayoutFcn',  [] , ...
                   'gui_Callback',   []);
if nargin && ischar(varargin{1})
    gui_State.gui_Callback = str2func(varargin{1});
end

if nargout
    [varargout{1:nargout}] = gui_mainfcn(gui_State, varargin{:});
else
    gui_mainfcn(gui_State, varargin{:});
end
% End initialization code - DO NOT EDIT


% --- Executes just before Shiyufenxi is made visible.
function Shiyufenxi_OpeningFcn(hObject, eventdata, handles, varargin)
% This function has no output args, see OutputFcn.
% hObject    handle to figure
% eventdata  reserved - to be defined in a future version of MATLAB
% handles    structure with handles and user data (see GUIDATA)
% varargin   command line arguments to Shiyufenxi (see VARARGIN)

% Choose default command line output for Shiyufenxi
handles.output = hObject;

% Update handles structure
guidata(hObject, handles);

% UIWAIT makes Shiyufenxi wait for user response (see UIRESUME)
% uiwait(handles.figure1);


% --- Outputs from this function are returned to the command line.
function varargout = Shiyufenxi_OutputFcn(hObject, eventdata, handles) 
% varargout  cell array for returning output args (see VARARGOUT);
% hObject    handle to figure
% eventdata  reserved - to be defined in a future version of MATLAB
% handles    structure with handles and user data (see GUIDATA)

% Get default command line output from handles structure
varargout{1} = handles.output;


% --- Executes on button press in pushbutton1.
function pushbutton1_Callback(hObject, eventdata, handles)  %%打开按钮的回调函数
% hObject    handle to pushbutton1 (see GCBO)
% eventdata  reserved - to be defined in a future version of MATLAB
% handles    structure with handles and user data (see GUIDATA)
[filename,pathname]=uigetfile({'*.wav','All Wav Files'},'选择语音文件');
if filename ==0
    return;%如果没有选择新的文件，则返回
end
file=fullfile(pathname,filename);%文件名
[signal,fs]=audioread(file);%读取选择的语音数据
axes(handles.axes1)
plot(signal)%显示波形
title('原始语音波形')
handles.wavsignal=signal;
handles.fs=fs;
%Update handles structure
guidata(hObject,handles);