虚拟机添加硬盘，并将其挂载到指定目录

在虚拟机安装Oracle的时候，需要将一块单独的硬盘挂载到u01目录下，这一部分单独拿出来做一个整理.
参考：https://blog.csdn.net/aknifing/article/details/112684739

虚拟机添加硬盘

虚拟机设置中添加硬盘

最后点击完成即可

挂载到目录下

检查磁盘

[root@localhost ~]# lsblk
NAME            MAJ:MIN RM  SIZE RO TYPE MOUNTPOINT
sda               8:0    0   80G  0 disk 
├─sda1            8:1    0  200M  0 part /boot
└─sda2            8:2    0   72G  0 part 
  ├─centos-root 253:0    0   70G  0 lvm  /
  └─centos-swap 253:1    0    2G  0 lvm  [SWAP]
sdb               8:16   0   20G  0 disk 
sr0              11:0    1  4.5G  0 rom  /run/media/user/CentOS 7 x86_64

sdb便是我刚刚增加的20G硬盘（20G其实小了，但是电脑不允许）

将新磁盘分区

中间会有三次需要手动输入命令，对照着输入即可

[root@localhost ~]# gdisk /dev/sdb
GPT fdisk (gdisk) version 0.8.10

Partition table scan:
  MBR: not present
  BSD: not present
  APM: not present
  GPT: not present

Creating new GPT entries.

Command (? for help): n
Partition number (1-128, default 1): 
First sector (34-41943006, default = 2048) or {+-}size{KMGTP}: 
Last sector (2048-41943006, default = 41943006) or {+-}size{KMGTP}: 
Current type is 'Linux filesystem'
Hex code or GUID (L to show codes, Enter = 8300): 
Changed type of partition to 'Linux filesystem'

Command (? for help): p
Disk /dev/sdb: 41943040 sectors, 20.0 GiB
Logical sector size: 512 bytes
Disk identifier (GUID): 48AA665B-C9C3-4427-9FD1-755215F8EDBD
Partition table holds up to 128 entries
First usable sector is 34, last usable sector is 41943006
Partitions will be aligned on 2048-sector boundaries
Total free space is 2014 sectors (1007.0 KiB)

Number  Start (sector)    End (sector)  Size       Code  Name
   1            2048        41943006   20.0 GiB    8300  Linux filesystem

Command (? for help): w

Final checks complete. About to write GPT data. THIS WILL OVERWRITE EXISTING
PARTITIONS!!

Do you want to proceed? (Y/N): y
OK; writing new GUID partition table (GPT) to /dev/sdb.
The operation has completed successfully.

检查磁盘情况

[root@localhost ~]# lsblk
NAME            MAJ:MIN RM  SIZE RO TYPE MOUNTPOINT
sda               8:0    0   80G  0 disk 
├─sda1            8:1    0  200M  0 part /boot
└─sda2            8:2    0   72G  0 part 
  ├─centos-root 253:0    0   70G  0 lvm  /
  └─centos-swap 253:1    0    2G  0 lvm  [SWAP]
sdb               8:16   0   20G  0 disk 
└─sdb1            8:17   0   20G  0 part 
sr0              11:0    1  4.5G  0 rom  /run/media/user/CentOS 7 x86_64

格式化

[root@localhost ~]# mkfs.xfs /dev/sdb1 
meta-data=/dev/sdb1              isize=512    agcount=4, agsize=1310655 blks
         =                       sectsz=512   attr=2, projid32bit=1
         =                       crc=1        finobt=0, sparse=0
data     =                       bsize=4096   blocks=5242619, imaxpct=25
         =                       sunit=0      swidth=0 blks
naming   =version 2              bsize=4096   ascii-ci=0 ftype=1
log      =internal log           bsize=4096   blocks=2560, version=2
         =                       sectsz=512   sunit=0 blks, lazy-count=1
realtime =none                   extsz=4096   blocks=0, rtextents=0

挂载到u01目录下

[root@localhost ~]# mount /dev/sdb1 /u01/
[root@localhost ~]# lsblk
NAME            MAJ:MIN RM  SIZE RO TYPE MOUNTPOINT
sda               8:0    0   80G  0 disk 
├─sda1            8:1    0  200M  0 part /boot
└─sda2            8:2    0   72G  0 part 
  ├─centos-root 253:0    0   70G  0 lvm  /
  └─centos-swap 253:1    0    2G  0 lvm  [SWAP]
sdb               8:16   0   20G  0 disk 
└─sdb1            8:17   0   20G  0 part /u01
sr0              11:0    1  4.5G  0 rom  /run/media/user/CentOS 7 x86_64

将挂载信息写入fstab文件

[root@localhost ~]# vi /etc/fstab

将下面的添加到文件的最后一行，如果不添加，可能在重启后就解挂了

/dev/sdb1                /u01                   xfs     defaults        0 0