新的组织单元-段（Segment）在业务上怎么用？ Segment Report;

 

SAP在其新总帐版本中推出了一个新的组织单元-段（Segment），同时它被插入利润中心主数据，多个利润中心可以属于同一段，也就是说，理论上，现在你真正可以停用业务范围。我想了解下：在实际的业务上怎么用这个段，就是什么情况下用这个段，怎么用。

 

Prerequisites

The following prerequisites must be met for segment reporting:

• In Customizing for Enterprise Structure under  Definition  Financial Accounting  Define Segment , you have defined the segments that are relevant for segment reporting.

  For information about segment derivation, see Segments.

• In Customizing for Financial Accounting (New) under  Financial Accounting Global Settings (New)  Ledgers  Ledger  Assign Scenarios and Customer Fields to Ledgers , you have assigned the scenario Segment Reporting to the ledgers that you want to include in segment reporting.

• You have made the default settings for document splitting in Customizing for Financial Accounting (New) under  General Ledger Accounting (New)  Business Transactions  Document Splitting .

  Furthermore, you have made the following settings specifically for segment reporting:

  • In the activity Define Document Splitting Characteristics for General Ledger Accounting, you have defined the segment as a document splitting characteristic. For the system to produce a zero balance for each document, you need to have set the Zero Balance indicator for the segment.

  • In the activity Define Zero-Balance Clearing Account, you have specified a clearing account for the line items that the system creates during document splitting to produce a balance of zero for the Segment characteristic.

  For more information about the Customizing settings for document splitting, see Making Settings for Document Splitting.

For the segment to be shown in the G/L account items in the entry view, we recommend making the following settings:

• In Customizing for Financial Accounting (New) under  Financial Accounting Global Settings (New)  Ledgers  Fields  Define Field Status Variants , define the segment as an Optional Entry for all relevant field status variants. This affects all field status variants of the field status groups that are relevant for transferring the accounts to General Ledger Accounting.

• In Customizing for Financial Accounting (New) under  Financial Accounting Global Settings (New)  Document  Define Posting Keys , define the segment as an Optional Entry for all relevant posting keys.

 

段：段设置在利润中心主数据中段的引入，相当于在利润中心主数据层次里扩大了一个组织单元的分析维度，简化了相关配置和操作，业务范围现在可以被段来替代，从而不用到业务范围和利润中心两边去配置两边去调整业务：

 

某公司有2个新工厂和2个旧工厂，对应4个业务范围，利润中心对应产品，其中工厂FRA4生产4种产品系列，对应4个利润中心。

 

假设系统设置如下：业务范围2010和3010属于旧厂、2020和3020属于新厂，使用段区分，因为新工厂有地方税务优惠，所以分别出新旧业务范围的财务报表。

 

同时，根据利润中心（对应产品类别）出产品成本利润表。要求使用转移价格（比如参考市场价格）核算跨业务范围和跨利润中心的转移业务，从而体现出业务范围和利润中心的内部利润，假设业务范围和利润中心的组织结构如下表：工厂 业务范围 段 利润中心FRA1 2010 3000(旧厂) 9233110000FRA2 2020 2000(新厂) 9233110001FRA3 3010 3000(旧厂) 9233120001FRA4 3020 2000(新厂) 9233120100FRA4 3020 2000(新厂) 9233120200FRA4 3020 2000(新厂) 9233120300FRA4 3020 2000(新厂) 9233120400

 

 

SAP系统提供标准解决方案为：公司出售业务（公司代码并删除相关历史数据），公司合并（两个公司代码合并到一个公司代码），物料/客户/供应商号码变更（比如物料号码由R-1120变成10001），利润中心重组，段（segment）重组，利润中心/成本中心号码变更，会计科目表及会计年度转化，资产类别/资产科目确定转换，客户端转换等等；