Spring Context源码分析
开头
入口方法在BeanDefinitionParserDelegate.parseCustomElement:
return handler.parse(ele, new ParserContext(this.readerContext, this, containingBd));
parse方法由各种NamespaceHandler的父类NamespaceHandlerSupport实现:
@Override
public BeanDefinition parse(Element element, ParserContext parserContext) {
return findParserForElement(element, parserContext).parse(element, parserContext);
}
findParserForElement方法用以寻找适用于此元素的BeanDefinitionParser对象:
private BeanDefinitionParser findParserForElement(Element element, ParserContext parserContext) {
String localName = parserContext.getDelegate().getLocalName(element);
BeanDefinitionParser parser = this.parsers.get(localName);
if (parser == null) {
parserContext.getReaderContext().fatal(
"Cannot locate BeanDefinitionParser for element [" + localName + "]", element);
}
return parser;
}
localName是个什么东西呢,比如对于context:annotation-config标签就是annotation-config。
annotation-config
AnnotationConfigBeanDefinitionParser.parse:
@Override
public BeanDefinition parse(Element element, ParserContext parserContext) {
//返回null
Object source = parserContext.extractSource(element);
// Obtain bean definitions for all relevant BeanPostProcessors.
Set<BeanDefinitionHolder> processorDefinitions =
AnnotationConfigUtils.
registerAnnotationConfigProcessors(parserContext.getRegistry(), source);
// Register component for the surrounding <context:annotation-config> element.
CompositeComponentDefinition compDefinition =
new CompositeComponentDefinition(element.getTagName(), source);
parserContext.pushContainingComponent(compDefinition);
// Nest the concrete beans in the surrounding component.
for (BeanDefinitionHolder processorDefinition : processorDefinitions) {
parserContext.registerComponent(new BeanComponentDefinition(processorDefinition));
}
// Finally register the composite component.
// 空实现
parserContext.popAndRegisterContainingComponent();
return null;
}
BeanPostProcessor注册
AnnotationConfigUtils.registerAnnotationConfigProcessors源码:
//第一个参数其实就是DefaultListableBeanFactory,第二个参数为null
public static Set<BeanDefinitionHolder> registerAnnotationConfigProcessors(
BeanDefinitionRegistry registry, Object source) {
//将registery强转为DefaultListableBeanFactory类型
DefaultListableBeanFactory beanFactory = unwrapDefaultListableBeanFactory(registry);
if (beanFactory != null) {
if (!(beanFactory.getDependencyComparator() instanceof AnnotationAwareOrderComparator)) {
beanFactory.setDependencyComparator(AnnotationAwareOrderComparator.INSTANCE);
}
if (!(beanFactory.getAutowireCandidateResolver() instanceof
ContextAnnotationAutowireCandidateResolver)) {
beanFactory.setAutowireCandidateResolver(new ContextAnnotationAutowireCandidateResolver());
}
}
Set<BeanDefinitionHolder> beanDefs = new LinkedHashSet<BeanDefinitionHolder>(4);
if (!registry.containsBeanDefinition(CONFIGURATION_ANNOTATION_PROCESSOR_BEAN_NAME)) {
RootBeanDefinition def = new RootBeanDefinition(ConfigurationClassPostProcessor.class);
def.setSource(source);
beanDefs.add(registerPostProcessor(registry, def,CONFIGURATION_ANNOTATION_PROCESSOR_BEAN_NAME));
}
if (!registry.containsBeanDefinition(AUTOWIRED_ANNOTATION_PROCESSOR_BEAN_NAME)) {
RootBeanDefinition def = new RootBeanDefinition(AutowiredAnnotationBeanPostProcessor.class);
def.setSource(source);
beanDefs.add(registerPostProcessor(registry, def, AUTOWIRED_ANNOTATION_PROCESSOR_BEAN_NAME));
}
if (!registry.containsBeanDefinition(REQUIRED_ANNOTATION_PROCESSOR_BEAN_NAME)) {
RootBeanDefinition def = new RootBeanDefinition(RequiredAnnotationBeanPostProcessor.class);
def.setSource(source);
beanDefs.add(registerPostProcessor(registry, def, REQUIRED_ANNOTATION_PROCESSOR_BEAN_NAME));
}
// Check for JSR-250 support, and if present add the CommonAnnotationBeanPostProcessor.
if (jsr250Present && !registry.containsBeanDefinition(COMMON_ANNOTATION_PROCESSOR_BEAN_NAME)) {
RootBeanDefinition def = new RootBeanDefinition(CommonAnnotationBeanPostProcessor.class);
def.setSource(source);
beanDefs.add(registerPostProcessor(registry, def, COMMON_ANNOTATION_PROCESSOR_BEAN_NAME));
}
// Check for JPA support, and if present add the PersistenceAnnotationBeanPostProcessor.
if (jpaPresent && !registry.containsBeanDefinition(PERSISTENCE_ANNOTATION_PROCESSOR_BEAN_NAME)) {
RootBeanDefinition def = new RootBeanDefinition();
def.setBeanClass(ClassUtils.forName(PERSISTENCE_ANNOTATION_PROCESSOR_CLASS_NAME,
AnnotationConfigUtils.class.getClassLoader()));
def.setSource(source);
beanDefs.add(registerPostProcessor(registry, def, PERSISTENCE_ANNOTATION_PROCESSOR_BEAN_NAME));
}
if (!registry.containsBeanDefinition(EVENT_LISTENER_PROCESSOR_BEAN_NAME)) {
RootBeanDefinition def = new RootBeanDefinition(EventListenerMethodProcessor.class);
def.setSource(source);
beanDefs.add(registerPostProcessor(registry, def, EVENT_LISTENER_PROCESSOR_BEAN_NAME));
}
if (!registry.containsBeanDefinition(EVENT_LISTENER_FACTORY_BEAN_NAME)) {
RootBeanDefinition def = new RootBeanDefinition(DefaultEventListenerFactory.class);
def.setSource(source);
beanDefs.add(registerPostProcessor(registry, def, EVENT_LISTENER_FACTORY_BEAN_NAME));
}
return beanDefs;
}
AnnotationAwareOrderComparator
其继承体系如下:
其作用是比较标注了@Order或是javax.annotation.Priority @Priority注解的元素的优先级。这两种注解的一个常用功能就是设置配置加载的优先级。例子可以参考:
Spring 4.2新特性-使用@Order调整配置类加载顺序
ContextAnnotationAutowireCandidateResolver
此类用以决定一个bean是否可以当作一个依赖的候选者。其类图:
ConfigurationClassPostProcessor
此类用于处理标注了@Configuration注解的类。类图:
AutowiredAnnotationBeanPostProcessor
此类便用于对标注了@Autowire等注解的bean或是方法进行注入。
RequiredAnnotationBeanPostProcessor
对应Spring @Require注解,此注解被用在setter方法上,意味着此setter方法对应的属性必须被Spring所注入,但是不会检查是否是null。其继承体系和上面的AutowiredAnnotationBeanPostProcessor完全一样。
CommonAnnotationBeanPostProcessor
用于开启对JSR-250的支持,开启的先决条件是当前classpath中有其类,检测的源码:
private static final boolean jsr250Present =
ClassUtils.isPresent("javax.annotation.Resource", AnnotationConfigUtils.class.getClassLoader());
此注解就在rt.jar下,所以默认情况下都是开启JSR-250支持的,所以我们就可以使用喜闻乐见的@Resource注解了。其类图:
PersistenceAnnotationBeanPostProcessor
用于提供JPA支持,开启的先决条件仍然是检测classpath下是否有其类存在,源码:
private static final boolean jpaPresent =
ClassUtils.isPresent("javax.persistence.EntityManagerFactory",
AnnotationConfigUtils.class.getClassLoader()) &&
//org.springframework.orm包
ClassUtils.isPresent(PERSISTENCE_ANNOTATION_PROCESSOR_CLASS_NAME,
AnnotationConfigUtils.class.getClassLoader());
rt.jar下面并没有JPA的包,所以此Processor默认是没有被注册的。其类图和上面CommonAnnotationBeanPostProcessor如出一辙。
EventListenerMethodProcessor
提供对于注解@EventListener的支持,此注解在Spring4.2被添加,用于监听ApplicationEvent事件。其继承体系:
DefaultEventListenerFactory
此类应该是和上面的配合使用,用以产生EventListener对象,也是从Spring4.2加入,类图:
逻辑关系整理
普通的bean元素(XML)其实都有一个BeanDefinition对象与之对应,但是对于context开头的这种的特殊的元素,它所对应的一般不再是普通意义上的BeanDefinition,而是配合起来一起完成某种功能的组件(比如各种BeanPostProcessor)。这种组件Spring抽象成为ComponentDefinition接口,组件的集合表示成为CompositeComponentDefinition,类图:
最终形成的数据结构如下图:
不过这个数据结构貌似也没什么用,因为调用的是XmlBeanDefinitionReader中的eventListener的componentRegistered方法,然而这里的eventListener是EmptyReaderEventListener,也就是空实现。
运行
ConfigurationClassPostProcessor
本身是一个BeanFactoryPostProcessor对象,其执行入口在AbstractApplicationContext.refresh方法:
invokeBeanFactoryPostProcessors(beanFactory);
注意,因为ConfigurationClassPostProcessor实现自BeanDefinitionRegistryPostProcessor接口,所以在此处会首先调用其postProcessBeanDefinitionRegistry方法,再调用其postProcessBeanFactory方法。
postProcessBeanDefinitionRegistry
此方法大体由两部分组成。
BeanPostProcessor注册
此部分源码:
@Override
public void postProcessBeanDefinitionRegistry(BeanDefinitionRegistry registry) {
RootBeanDefinition iabpp = new RootBeanDefinition(ImportAwareBeanPostProcessor.class);
iabpp.setRole(BeanDefinition.ROLE_INFRASTRUCTURE);
registry.registerBeanDefinition(IMPORT_AWARE_PROCESSOR_BEAN_NAME, iabpp);
RootBeanDefinition ecbpp = new RootBeanDefinition(EnhancedConfigurationBeanPostProcessor.class);
ecbpp.setRole(BeanDefinition.ROLE_INFRASTRUCTURE);
registry.registerBeanDefinition(ENHANCED_CONFIGURATION_PROCESSOR_BEAN_NAME, ecbpp);
}
ImportAwareBeanPostProcessor
是ConfigurationClassPostProcessor的私有内部类。其类图:
此类用于处理实现了ImportAware接口的类。ImportAware接口是做什么的要从使用java源文件作为Spring配置说起:
有一个类负责生成Student bean:
@Configuration
public class StudentConfig implements ImportAware {
@Bean
public Student student() {
Student student = new Student();
student.setAge(22);
student.setName("skywalker");
return student;
}
@Override
public void setImportMetadata(AnnotationMetadata importMetadata) {
System.out.println("importaware");
}
}
生成的bean就以所在的方法名命名。还有一个类负责生成SimpleBean:
@Configuration
@Import(StudentConfig.class)
public class SimpleBeanConfig {
@Autowired
private StudentConfig studentConfig;
@Bean
public SimpleBean getSimpleBean() {
//bean依赖
SimpleBean simpleBean = new SimpleBean(studentConfig.student());
return simpleBean;
}
}
启动代码:
public static void main(String[] args) {
AnnotationConfigApplicationContext context =
new AnnotationConfigApplicationContext(SimpleBeanConfig.class);
SimpleBean simpleBean = context.getBean(SimpleBean.class);
System.out.println(simpleBean.getStudent().getName());
}
所以ImportAware接口的作用就是使被引用的配置类可以获得引用类的相关信息。
EnhancedConfigurationBeanPostProcessor
用于为实现了EnhancedConfiguration接口的类设置BeanFactory对象,所有的@Configuration Cglib子类均实现了此接口,为什么要这么做不太明白。
类解析
这里便是对标注了@Configuration注解的类及进行解析,通过调用ConfigurationClassPostProcessor的processConfigBeanDefinitions方法来实现,具体怎么解析就不详细说明了。
bean名字生成策略
对于配置类,Spring也会将其当作一个bean放到容器中,这就关系到bean的起名了,其实这部分对于@Component, @Controller等注解都是一样的。
ConfigurationClassPostProcessor.processConfigBeanDefinitions相关代码:
// Detect any custom bean name generation strategy supplied through the enclosing application context
SingletonBeanRegistry singletonRegistry = null;
if (registry instanceof SingletonBeanRegistry) {
singletonRegistry = (SingletonBeanRegistry) registry;
if (!this.localBeanNameGeneratorSet &&
//org.springframework.context.annotation.internalConfigurationBeanNameGenerator
singletonRegistry.containsSingleton(CONFIGURATION_BEAN_NAME_GENERATOR)) {
BeanNameGenerator generator = (BeanNameGenerator) singletonRegistry.
getSingleton(CONFIGURATION_BEAN_NAME_GENERATOR);
this.componentScanBeanNameGenerator = generator;
this.importBeanNameGenerator = generator;
}
}
默认是一个AnnotationBeanNameGenerator对象,其类图:
那我们可以通过向Spring容器添加一个自定义BeanNameGenerator对象的方式自定义beanName生成策略吗,答案是不可以,这也是为什么此bean的ID前面以internal开头。从代码上来看,不可以的原因在于BeanFactoryPostProcessor的触发时机: 配置解析、BeanDefinition加载之后,Singleton初始化之前,所以即使配置了此接口的实现,但是此时此bean尚未初始化,所以根本看不到此实例。
postProcessBeanFactory
此方法调用了enhanceConfigurationClasses,其实就是将@Configuration的beanClass转换为CGLIB代理子类。简略版的源码:
public void enhanceConfigurationClasses(ConfigurableListableBeanFactory beanFactory) {
Map<String, AbstractBeanDefinition> configBeanDefs =
new LinkedHashMap<String, AbstractBeanDefinition>();
//寻找@Configuration的BeanDefinition
for (String beanName : beanFactory.getBeanDefinitionNames()) {
BeanDefinition beanDef = beanFactory.getBeanDefinition(beanName);
if (ConfigurationClassUtils.isFullConfigurationClass(beanDef)) {
configBeanDefs.put(beanName, (AbstractBeanDefinition) beanDef);
}
}
if (configBeanDefs.isEmpty()) {
// nothing to enhance -> return immediately
return;
}
ConfigurationClassEnhancer enhancer = new ConfigurationClassEnhancer();
for (Map.Entry<String, AbstractBeanDefinition> entry : configBeanDefs.entrySet()) {
AbstractBeanDefinition beanDef = entry.getValue();
// If a @Configuration class gets proxied, always proxy the target class
beanDef.setAttribute(AutoProxyUtils.PRESERVE_TARGET_CLASS_ATTRIBUTE, Boolean.TRUE);
// Set enhanced subclass of the user-specified bean class
Class<?> configClass = beanDef.resolveBeanClass(this.beanClassLoader);
Class<?> enhancedClass = enhancer.enhance(configClass, this.beanClassLoader);
if (configClass != enhancedClass) {
//替换
beanDef.setBeanClass(enhancedClass);
}
}
}
ConfigurationClassEnhancer.newEnhancer:
private Enhancer newEnhancer(Class<?> superclass, ClassLoader classLoader) {
Enhancer enhancer = new Enhancer();
enhancer.setSuperclass(superclass);
//这里印证了前面EnhancedConfigurationBeanPostProcessor的说明
enhancer.setInterfaces(new Class<?>[] {EnhancedConfiguration.class});
enhancer.setUseFactory(false);
enhancer.setNamingPolicy(SpringNamingPolicy.INSTANCE);
enhancer.setStrategy(new BeanFactoryAwareGeneratorStrategy(classLoader));
//关键
enhancer.setCallbackFilter(CALLBACK_FILTER);
enhancer.setCallbackTypes(CALLBACK_FILTER.getCallbackTypes());
return enhancer;
}
CALLBACK_FILTER是个什么东西呢:
private static final ConditionalCallbackFilter CALLBACK_FILTER =
new ConditionalCallbackFilter(CALLBACKS);
private static final Callback[] CALLBACKS = new Callback[] {
new BeanMethodInterceptor(),
new BeanFactoryAwareMethodInterceptor(),
NoOp.INSTANCE
};
这么做的原因有两个:
-
提供Scope支持:
我们可以使用@Scope注解来使用注解的方式配置其Scope:
@Bean @Scope("prototype") public Student student() { Student student = new Student(); student.setAge(22); student.setName("skywalker"); return student; }
Spring正是通过生成CGLIB子类的方式来提供Scope的语义。更确切的说,是上面源码里面的BeanMethodInterceptor。
-
实现EnhancedConfiguration接口
AutowiredAnnotationBeanPostProcessor
类图见上面,由于Adapter的存在,真正实现的是postProcessMergedBeanDefinition和postProcessPropertyValues两个方法。
postProcessMergedBeanDefinition
入口
其中前者首先被调用,时机是当BeanDefinition被合并(和父Bean),但是还没有用来创建Bean实例时。回顾下其调用入口:
AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.doCreateBean(简略):
protected Object doCreateBean(final String beanName, final RootBeanDefinition mbd, final Object[] args) {
// Instantiate the bean.
BeanWrapper instanceWrapper = null;
if (mbd.isSingleton()) {
instanceWrapper = this.factoryBeanInstanceCache.remove(beanName);
}
if (instanceWrapper == null) {
instanceWrapper = createBeanInstance(beanName, mbd, args);
}
final Object bean = (instanceWrapper != null ? instanceWrapper.getWrappedInstance() : null);
Class<?> beanType = (instanceWrapper != null ? instanceWrapper.getWrappedClass() : null);
// Allow post-processors to modify the merged bean definition.
synchronized (mbd.postProcessingLock) {
if (!mbd.postProcessed) {
applyMergedBeanDefinitionPostProcessors(mbd, beanType, beanName);
mbd.postProcessed = true;
}
}
}
applyMergedBeanDefinitionPostProcessors:
protected void applyMergedBeanDefinitionPostProcessors(RootBeanDefinition mbd, Class<?> beanType,
String beanName) {
for (BeanPostProcessor bp : getBeanPostProcessors()) {
if (bp instanceof MergedBeanDefinitionPostProcessor) {
MergedBeanDefinitionPostProcessor bdp = (MergedBeanDefinitionPostProcessor) bp;
bdp.postProcessMergedBeanDefinition(mbd, beanType, beanName);
}
}
}
源码
@Override
public void postProcessMergedBeanDefinition(RootBeanDefinition beanDefinition, Class<?> beanType, String beanName) {
if (beanType != null) {
InjectionMetadata metadata = findAutowiringMetadata(beanName, beanType, null);
metadata.checkConfigMembers(beanDefinition);
}
}
findAutowiringMetadata:
private InjectionMetadata findAutowiringMetadata(String beanName, Class<?> clazz, PropertyValues pvs) {
// Fall back to class name as cache key, for backwards compatibility with custom callers.
String cacheKey = (StringUtils.hasLength(beanName) ? beanName : clazz.getName());
// Quick check on the concurrent map first, with minimal locking.
InjectionMetadata metadata = this.injectionMetadataCache.get(cacheKey);
if (InjectionMetadata.needsRefresh(metadata, clazz)) {
synchronized (this.injectionMetadataCache) {
metadata = this.injectionMetadataCache.get(cacheKey);
if (InjectionMetadata.needsRefresh(metadata, clazz)) {
if (metadata != null) {
metadata.clear(pvs);
}
metadata = buildAutowiringMetadata(clazz);
this.injectionMetadataCache.put(cacheKey, metadata);
}
}
}
return metadata;
}
injectionMetadataCache是一个ConcurrentHashMap对象,个人认为设置此缓存有以下几个原因:
- 假设有多线程同时调用针对某一个bean的getBean方法,那么这样可以保证只有一个线程执行一次@Autowire注解的扫描工作。
- 对于非singleton(比如prototype)类型的bean,这样同样可以保证只解析一次,防止做无用功。
可以看到,Spring使用了代价更小的ConcurrentHashMap来先做一个预检测,这样尽可能的减小锁的使用以及粒度,值得借鉴。
@Autowire注解的扫描在buildAutowiringMetadata方法:
private InjectionMetadata buildAutowiringMetadata(final Class<?> clazz) {
LinkedList<InjectionMetadata.InjectedElement> elements =
new LinkedList<InjectionMetadata.InjectedElement>();
Class<?> targetClass = clazz;
//循环检测父类
do {
final LinkedList<InjectionMetadata.InjectedElement> currElements =
new LinkedList<InjectionMetadata.InjectedElement>();
ReflectionUtils.doWithLocalFields(targetClass, new ReflectionUtils.FieldCallback() {
@Override
public void doWith(Field field) throws IllegalArgumentException, IllegalAccessException {
AnnotationAttributes ann = findAutowiredAnnotation(field);
if (ann != null) {
//不支持静态变量
if (Modifier.isStatic(field.getModifiers())) {
return;
}
boolean required = determineRequiredStatus(ann);
currElements.add(new AutowiredFieldElement(field, required));
}
}
});
ReflectionUtils.doWithLocalMethods(targetClass, new ReflectionUtils.MethodCallback() {
@Override
public void doWith(Method method) throws IllegalArgumentException, IllegalAccessException {
Method bridgedMethod = BridgeMethodResolver.findBridgedMethod(method);
if (!BridgeMethodResolver.isVisibilityBridgeMethodPair(method, bridgedMethod)) {
return;
}
AnnotationAttributes ann = findAutowiredAnnotation(bridgedMethod);
if (ann != null && method.equals(ClassUtils.getMostSpecificMethod(method, clazz))) {
if (Modifier.isStatic(method.getModifiers())) {
return;
}
if (method.getParameterTypes().length == 0) {
if (logger.isWarnEnabled()) {
logger.warn("Autowired annotation should be used on
methods with parameters: " + method);
}
}
boolean required = determineRequiredStatus(ann);
PropertyDescriptor pd = BeanUtils.findPropertyForMethod(bridgedMethod, clazz);
currElements.add(new AutowiredMethodElement(method, required, pd));
}
}
});
elements.addAll(0, currElements);
targetClass = targetClass.getSuperclass();
}
while (targetClass != null && targetClass != Object.class);
return new InjectionMetadata(clazz, elements);
}
可以看出,Spring使用了一个do while循环来一直检测其父类,直到Object,这就说明,Spring注入注解可以配置在此bean的父类上。其实,最开始的时候网站的Service层和Dao层一直都是这么做的。
变量扫描
之后便是逐一扫描当前类的成员变量,检测是否有@Autowire注解。
ReflectionUtils的实现其实就是访问者模式,其源码:
public static void doWithLocalFields(Class<?> clazz, FieldCallback fc) {
for (Field field : getDeclaredFields(clazz)) {
try {
fc.doWith(field);
}
catch (IllegalAccessException ex) {}
}
}
determineRequiredStatus方法用以判断是否是必须的,所谓的必须是指: 如果容器里没有需要的bean,那么会抛出异常,否则就忽略了,默认是必须的。原理很简单,不说了。
方法扫描
bridge方法
就是方法扫描的第一行源码:
Method bridgedMethod = BridgeMethodResolver.findBridgedMethod(method);
此句代码的作用是判断method是否是bridge方法,如果是,寻找其真正的方法。这里的bridge方法并不是所谓的bridge模式。
有这样的demo代码:
public class JavaTest {
private class MyList extends ArrayList {
//注意父类的返回类型是Object
@Override
public String get(int index) {
return "";
}
}
public static void main(String[] args) {
for (Method method : MyList.class.getDeclaredMethods()) {
System.out.println("name: " + method.getName() + ", return: " + method.getReturnType());
}
}
}
子类重写父类的方法但是返回值不同在java语言里是合法的。此程序的输出:
name: get, return: class java.lang.String
name: get, return: class java.lang.Object
通过javap反编译命令也可以看到有两个get方法。其中返回Object的便是bridge方法。jdk从1.5开始便提供了方法判断是否是此种方法: Method:
/**
* Returns {@code true} if this method is a bridge
* method; returns {@code false} otherwise.
*
* @return true if and only if this method is a bridge
* method as defined by the Java Language Specification.
* @since 1.5
*/
public boolean isBridge() {
return (getModifiers() & Modifier.BRIDGE) != 0;
}
可以看出,bridge和static之类一样,在java内部也是有一个修饰符的,只不过只在jvm内部可见。
可以参考: Java那些不为人知的特殊方法
到这里寻找真正方法的原理也好理解了,就是在所有Method中寻找方法名相同、参数列表相同但返回值不同的。
PropertyDescriptor
用于描述java bean,如果被标注@Autowire的方法是一个getter或setter方法,那么Spring会保存下来其PropertyDescriptor对象,如果不是,那么就是空。
postProcessPropertyValues
入口
AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.populateBean方法,执行时机是在bean的属性都已经计算(根据xml配置进行完autowire)完毕,设置到bean实例之前。
注入
源码:
public void processInjection(Object bean) throws BeansException {
Class<?> clazz = bean.getClass();
// 查找缓存
InjectionMetadata metadata = findAutowiringMetadata(clazz.getName(), clazz, null);
metadata.inject(bean, null, null);
}
根据上面postProcessMergedBeanDefinition一节的说明,解析的结果最终保存为一个InjectionMetadata对象,其内部含有一个InjectionMetadata.InjectedElement类型的List,所以注入的过程实际上便是遍历此List调用每一个InjectionMetadata.InjectedElement的inject的过程。
Field注入
实现类是AutowiredFieldElement。注入的原理就是从容器中查找相关的依赖,用反射的方法调用Field的set方法,不在详细说了。
方法注入
实现类是AutowiredMethodElement。注入的原理是遍历此方法的参数列表,针对每一个参数都去容器中寻找相应的bean,之后调用Method的invoke方法即可。
RequiredAnnotationBeanPostProcessor
上面提到了,此类的类图和上面的邻居类似,所以调用的方法的顺序、时机都是一样,所以不再赘述。
postProcessMergedBeanDefinition
空实现,就是这么任性:
@Override
public void postProcessMergedBeanDefinition(RootBeanDefinition beanDefinition, Class<?> beanType, String beanName) {
}
postProcessPropertyValues
源码:
@Override
public PropertyValues postProcessPropertyValues(
PropertyValues pvs, PropertyDescriptor[] pds, Object bean, String beanName)
throws BeansException {
if (!this.validatedBeanNames.contains(beanName)) {
if (!shouldSkip(this.beanFactory, beanName)) {
List<String> invalidProperties = new ArrayList<String>();
for (PropertyDescriptor pd : pds) {
if (isRequiredProperty(pd) && !pvs.contains(pd.getName())) {
invalidProperties.add(pd.getName());
}
}
if (!invalidProperties.isEmpty()) {
throw new BeanInitializationException(buildExceptionMessage
(invalidProperties, beanName));
}
}
this.validatedBeanNames.add(beanName);
}
return pvs;
}
结果缓存
validatedBeanNames是一个Set
PropertyDescriptor
从源码可以看出,校验是通过PropertyDescriptor完成的,那么这个数组是从哪里来的呢?
AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.populateBean相关代码:
PropertyDescriptor[] filteredPds = filterPropertyDescriptorsForDependencyCheck(bw, mbd.allowCaching);
if (hasInstAwareBpps) {
for (BeanPostProcessor bp : getBeanPostProcessors()) {
if (bp instanceof InstantiationAwareBeanPostProcessor) {
InstantiationAwareBeanPostProcessor ibp = (InstantiationAwareBeanPostProcessor) bp;
pvs = ibp.postProcessPropertyValues(pvs, filteredPds, bw.getWrappedInstance(), beanName);
if (pvs == null) {
return;
}
}
}
}
filterPropertyDescriptorsForDependencyCheck单参数方法:
protected PropertyDescriptor[] filterPropertyDescriptorsForDependencyCheck(BeanWrapper bw) {
List<PropertyDescriptor> pds =
new LinkedList<PropertyDescriptor>(Arrays.asList(bw.getPropertyDescriptors()));
for (Iterator<PropertyDescriptor> it = pds.iterator(); it.hasNext();) {
PropertyDescriptor pd = it.next();
if (isExcludedFromDependencyCheck(pd)) {
it.remove();
}
}
return pds.toArray(new PropertyDescriptor[pds.size()]);
}
可以看出,最终来自于BeanWrapper。那么BeanWrapper又是从哪里弄来的呢?
BeanWrapperImpl.getPropertyDescriptors:
@Override
public PropertyDescriptor[] getPropertyDescriptors() {
return getCachedIntrospectionResults().getPropertyDescriptors();
}
private CachedIntrospectionResults getCachedIntrospectionResults() {
Assert.state(getWrappedInstance() != null, "BeanWrapper does not hold a bean instance");
if (this.cachedIntrospectionResults == null) {
this.cachedIntrospectionResults = CachedIntrospectionResults.forClass(getWrappedClass());
}
return this.cachedIntrospectionResults;
}
所以,这时BeanWrapper便会把自己"内省"一遍。这从侧面说明@Reqired注解只对setter方法有效。
测试
有一个bean如下:
@Component("simpleBean")
public class SimpleBean {
@Autowired(required = false)
private Student student;
public SimpleBean() {}
public SimpleBean(Student student) {
this.student = student;
}
public Student getStudent() {
return student;
}
@Required
public void setStudent(Student student) {
this.student = student;
}
}
注意先关闭@Autowire的检测,否则用不到@Required注解便会报错。运行之后的结果:
CommonAnnotationBeanPostProcessor
从其类图可以看出,此类主要是整合了MergedBeanDefinitionPostProcessor和DestructionAwareBeanPostProcessor的功能。其功能体现在以下几个方法,按调用顺序进行说明。
postProcessMergedBeanDefinition
此方法的执行入口以及调用时机上面已经说过了。其源码:
@Override
public void postProcessMergedBeanDefinition(RootBeanDefinition beanDefinition, Class<?> beanType, String beanName) {
super.postProcessMergedBeanDefinition(beanDefinition, beanType, beanName);
if (beanType != null) {
InjectionMetadata metadata = findResourceMetadata(beanName, beanType, null);
metadata.checkConfigMembers(beanDefinition);
}
}
父类
可以看出,首先调用了其父类InitDestroyAnnotationBeanPostProcessor的postProcessMergedBeanDefinition方法,源码:
@Override
public void postProcessMergedBeanDefinition(RootBeanDefinition beanDefinition, Class<?> beanType, String beanName) {
if (beanType != null) {
LifecycleMetadata metadata = findLifecycleMetadata(beanType);
metadata.checkConfigMembers(beanDefinition);
}
}
findLifecycleMetadata的套路和上面运行-AutowiredAnnotationBeanPostProcessor-源码一节中所说完全一样,所不同的是此处是遍历所有method寻找初始化和销毁方法标记。这两个标记很有意思,Spring允许我们自定义是哪两个标记(getter/setter方法)。子类CommonAnnotationBeanPostProcessor在构造器中设置了其值:
public CommonAnnotationBeanPostProcessor() {
setInitAnnotationType(PostConstruct.class);
setDestroyAnnotationType(PreDestroy.class);
}
这两个标签来自于javax.annotation包。那么怎么自定义呢?
CommonAnnotationBeanPostProcessor本质上是一个BeanPostProcessor,所以我们可以自己注入,配置文件:
<bean class="org.springframework.context.annotation.CommonAnnotationBeanPostProcessor">
<property name="initAnnotationType" value="annotation.Init" />
</bean>
Init是一个很简单的自定义注解:
@Retention(RetentionPolicy.RUNTIME)
@Target(ElementType.METHOD)
public @interface Init {}
在自己的bean中使用此注解:
@Init
public void init() {
System.out.println("Init!");
}
运行Spring便可以看到效果。
另外注意一点,从前面annotation-config-BeanPostProcessor注册一节的源码中可以看出,Spring在向容器中添加CommonAnnotationBeanPostProcessor时只是检测其ID(org.springframework.context.annotation.internalCommonAnnotationProcessor)是否存在,这就造成了一个问题: 如果按上面所说的配置,那么在容器中实际上有两个CommonAnnotationProcessor存在,也就是说,@PostConstruct和@PreDestroy注解此时依然被支持。为了达到只有一个实例的目的,需要为前面的配置加上ID。
子类
findResourceMetadata的套路还是一样,就是在属性和方法上寻找@Resource标签。
postProcessPropertyValues
源码:
@Override
public PropertyValues postProcessPropertyValues(
PropertyValues pvs, PropertyDescriptor[] pds, Object bean, String beanName) {
InjectionMetadata metadata = findResourceMetadata(beanName, bean.getClass(), pvs);
metadata.inject(bean, beanName, pvs);
return pvs;
}
套路很明显了。
postProcessBeforeInitialization
实现在父类InitDestroyAnnotationBeanPostProcessor:
@Override
public Object postProcessBeforeInitialization(Object bean, String beanName) {
LifecycleMetadata metadata = findLifecycleMetadata(bean.getClass());
metadata.invokeInitMethods(bean, beanName);
return bean;
}
invokeInitMethods:
public void invokeInitMethods(Object target, String beanName) throws Throwable {
Collection<LifecycleElement> initMethodsToIterate =
(this.checkedInitMethods != null ? this.checkedInitMethods : this.initMethods);
if (!initMethodsToIterate.isEmpty()) {
for (LifecycleElement element : initMethodsToIterate) {
// 反射调用
element.invoke(target);
}
}
}
不过从源码来看应该支持多个init方法。
postProcessBeforeDestruction
反射调用销毁方法,没啥说的了。
EventListenerMethodProcessor
就一个值得关注的方法: afterSingletonsInstantiated。
入口
DefaultListableBeanFactory.preInstantiateSingletons相关源码:
// Trigger post-initialization callback for all applicable beans...
for (String beanName : beanNames) {
Object singletonInstance = getSingleton(beanName);
if (singletonInstance instanceof SmartInitializingSingleton) {
final SmartInitializingSingleton smartSingleton =
(SmartInitializingSingleton) singletonInstance;
if (System.getSecurityManager() != null) {
AccessController.doPrivileged(new PrivilegedAction<Object>() {
@Override
public Object run() {
smartSingleton.afterSingletonsInstantiated();
return null;
}
}, getAccessControlContext());
} else {
smartSingleton.afterSingletonsInstantiated();
}
}
}
源码
略过。
component-scan
ComponentScanBeanDefinitionParser.parse源码:
@Override
public BeanDefinition parse(Element element, ParserContext parserContext) {
// base-package属性
String basePackage = element.getAttribute(BASE_PACKAGE_ATTRIBUTE);
// 解析占位符
basePackage = parserContext.getReaderContext().getEnvironment()
.resolvePlaceholders(basePackage);
//分割成数据
String[] basePackages = StringUtils.tokenizeToStringArray(basePackage,
ConfigurableApplicationContext.CONFIG_LOCATION_DELIMITERS);
// Actually scan for bean definitions and register them.
ClassPathBeanDefinitionScanner scanner = configureScanner(parserContext, element);
Set<BeanDefinitionHolder> beanDefinitions = scanner.doScan(basePackages);
registerComponents(parserContext.getReaderContext(), beanDefinitions, element);
return null;
}
初始化
此部分负责初始化包扫描用到的扫描器,是一个ClassPathBeanDefinitionScanner对象,configureScanner方法源码:
protected ClassPathBeanDefinitionScanner configureScanner(ParserContext parserContext, Element element) {
boolean useDefaultFilters = true;
if (element.hasAttribute(USE_DEFAULT_FILTERS_ATTRIBUTE)) {
useDefaultFilters = Boolean.valueOf(element.getAttribute(USE_DEFAULT_FILTERS_ATTRIBUTE));
}
// Delegate bean definition registration to scanner class.
ClassPathBeanDefinitionScanner scanner = createScanner
(parserContext.getReaderContext(), useDefaultFilters);
scanner.setResourceLoader(parserContext.getReaderContext().getResourceLoader());
scanner.setEnvironment(parserContext.getReaderContext().getEnvironment());
scanner.setBeanDefinitionDefaults(parserContext.getDelegate().getBeanDefinitionDefaults());
scanner.setAutowireCandidatePatterns(parserContext.getDelegate().getAutowireCandidatePatterns());
if (element.hasAttribute(RESOURCE_PATTERN_ATTRIBUTE)) {
scanner.setResourcePattern(element.getAttribute(RESOURCE_PATTERN_ATTRIBUTE));
}
parseBeanNameGenerator(element, scanner);
parseScope(element, scanner);
parseTypeFilters(element, scanner, parserContext);
return scanner;
}
下面开始按顺序分部分说明。
use-default-filters
component-scan注解会默认扫描喜闻乐见的@Component、@Repository、@Service和@Controller四大金刚。如果此属性设为false,那么就不会扫描这几个属性。
扫描器:创建 & 初始化
就是createScanner方法和下面那一坨setter方法,没啥好说的。
resource-pattern
用以配置扫描器扫描的路径,默认**/*.class
。
name-generator
可以指定命名策略,这个在前面运行-ConfigurationClassPostProcessor-类解析一节中说过。Spring在parseBeanNameGenerator方法会直接使用反射的方法生成其对象。
scope-resolver
指定使用的ScopeMetadataResolver。此接口用于解析bean的scope定义,其类图:
默认是AnnotationScopeMetadataResolver,也就是解析@Scope标签。
scoped-proxy
此配置的意思应该是是否为检测到的bean生成代理子类,共有三个选项: interfaces, no, targetClasses,默认no。原理应该就像对@Configuration类的处理,Spring自己说是实现proxy style,不知所云。
exclude-filter/include-filter
用法示例:
<context:component-scan base-package="base">
<context:exclude-filter type="annotation" expression="javax.annotation.Resource" />
</context:component-scan>
parseTypeFilters方法负责此部分的解析,只贴部分源码:
if (INCLUDE_FILTER_ELEMENT.equals(localName)) {
TypeFilter typeFilter = createTypeFilter((Element) node, classLoader, parserContext);
scanner.addIncludeFilter(typeFilter);
} else if (EXCLUDE_FILTER_ELEMENT.equals(localName)) {
TypeFilter typeFilter = createTypeFilter((Element) node, classLoader, parserContext);
scanner.addExcludeFilter(typeFilter);
}
annotation-config
此属性等同于<context:annotation-config />配置,默认就是true,也就是说,如果配置了context:component-scan其实就没有必要配置annotation-config 了。
扫描
入口方法便是ClassPathBeanDefinitionScanner.doScan:
protected Set<BeanDefinitionHolder> doScan(String... basePackages) {
Assert.notEmpty(basePackages, "At least one base package must be specified");
Set<BeanDefinitionHolder> beanDefinitions = new LinkedHashSet<BeanDefinitionHolder>();
for (String basePackage : basePackages) {
// 逐包扫描
Set<BeanDefinition> candidates = findCandidateComponents(basePackage);
for (BeanDefinition candidate : candidates) {
ScopeMetadata scopeMetadata = this.scopeMetadataResolver.resolveScopeMetadata(candidate);
candidate.setScope(scopeMetadata.getScopeName());
String beanName = this.beanNameGenerator.generateBeanName(candidate, this.registry);
if (candidate instanceof AbstractBeanDefinition) {
// 为BeanDefinition设置默认的属性
postProcessBeanDefinition((AbstractBeanDefinition) candidate, beanName);
}
if (candidate instanceof AnnotatedBeanDefinition) {
AnnotationConfigUtils.processCommonDefinitionAnnotations
((AnnotatedBeanDefinition) candidate);
}
if (checkCandidate(beanName, candidate)) {
BeanDefinitionHolder definitionHolder = new BeanDefinitionHolder(candidate, beanName);
definitionHolder = AnnotationConfigUtils.applyScopedProxyMode
(scopeMetadata, definitionHolder, this.registry);
beanDefinitions.add(definitionHolder);
registerBeanDefinition(definitionHolder, this.registry);
}
}
}
return beanDefinitions;
}
逐包扫描/BeanDefinition解析
扫描其实就是在classpath下直接读取class文件。读取到的class文件被Spring用Resource接口表示。之后交由MetadataReader进行解析,其类图:
对class文件的读取、分析是通过ASM完成的,入口在SimpleMetadataReader的构造器:
SimpleMetadataReader(Resource resource, ClassLoader classLoader) throws IOException {
InputStream is = new BufferedInputStream(resource.getInputStream());
ClassReader classReader;
classReader = new ClassReader(is);
AnnotationMetadataReadingVisitor visitor = new AnnotationMetadataReadingVisitor(classLoader);
classReader.accept(visitor, ClassReader.SKIP_DEBUG);
this.annotationMetadata = visitor;
// (since AnnotationMetadataReadingVisitor extends ClassMetadataReadingVisitor)
this.classMetadata = visitor;
this.resource = resource;
}
解析的关键便在于AnnotationMetadataReadingVisitor,其类图:
核心在于其visitAnnotation方法:
@Override
public AnnotationVisitor visitAnnotation(final String desc, boolean visible) {
String className = Type.getType(desc).getClassName();
this.annotationSet.add(className);
return new AnnotationAttributesReadingVisitor(
className, this.attributesMap, this.metaAnnotationMap, this.classLoader);
}
返回一个AnnotationVisitor表示对此注解的属性感兴趣,用于解析其属性。最终得到的BeanDefinition集合是ScannedGenericBeanDefinition类型,其类图:
@Scope解析
AnnotationScopeMetadataResolver.resolveScopeMetadata:
@Override
public ScopeMetadata resolveScopeMetadata(BeanDefinition definition) {
ScopeMetadata metadata = new ScopeMetadata();
if (definition instanceof AnnotatedBeanDefinition) {
AnnotatedBeanDefinition annDef = (AnnotatedBeanDefinition) definition;
// 寻找Scope相关的属性,AnnotationAttributes是LinkedHashMap的子类
AnnotationAttributes attributes = AnnotationConfigUtils.attributesFor(
annDef.getMetadata(), this.scopeAnnotationType);
if (attributes != null) {
// @Scope值
metadata.setScopeName(attributes.getString("value"));
ScopedProxyMode proxyMode = attributes.getEnum("proxyMode");
if (proxyMode == null || proxyMode == ScopedProxyMode.DEFAULT) {
proxyMode = this.defaultProxyMode;
}
metadata.setScopedProxyMode(proxyMode);
}
}
return metadata;
}
proxyMode和xml的scoped-proxy属性是一个概念:
@Scope(value = "singleton", proxyMode = ScopedProxyMode.DEFAULT)
XML的属性是全局的配置,这个是局部(针对单个bean)的配置,和XML属性相比对了一个default选项,这个就表示使用XML属性的配置。
bean名字生成
AnnotationBeanNameGenerator.generateBeanName:
@Override
public String generateBeanName(BeanDefinition definition, BeanDefinitionRegistry registry) {
if (definition instanceof AnnotatedBeanDefinition) {
String beanName = determineBeanNameFromAnnotation((AnnotatedBeanDefinition) definition);
if (StringUtils.hasText(beanName)) {
// Explicit bean name found.
return beanName;
}
}
// Fallback: generate a unique default bean name.
return buildDefaultBeanName(definition, registry);
}
根据注解
默认会首先尝试根据@Component、@Service、@Controller、@Repository、@ManagedBean、@Named的value属性生成,determineBeanNameFromAnnotation:
protected String determineBeanNameFromAnnotation(AnnotatedBeanDefinition annotatedDef) {
AnnotationMetadata amd = annotatedDef.getMetadata();
Set<String> types = amd.getAnnotationTypes();
String beanName = null;
// 遍历当前bean拥有的所有类级注解
for (String type : types) {
// 获取此注解所有的属性
AnnotationAttributes attributes = AnnotationConfigUtils.attributesFor(amd, type);
if (isStereotypeWithNameValue(type, amd.getMetaAnnotationTypes(type), attributes)) {
Object value = attributes.get("value");
if (value instanceof String) {
String strVal = (String) value;
if (StringUtils.hasLength(strVal)) {
if (beanName != null && !strVal.equals(beanName)) {
throw new IllegalStateException();
}
beanName = strVal;
}
}
}
}
return beanName;
}
isStereotypeWithNameValue方法用于判断此注解是否可以用来生成beanName,比如@Scope便不适合:
protected boolean isStereotypeWithNameValue(String annotationType,
Set<String> metaAnnotationTypes, Map<String, Object> attributes) {
// org.springframework.stereotype.Component
boolean isStereotype = annotationType.equals(COMPONENT_ANNOTATION_CLASSNAME) ||
(metaAnnotationTypes != null && metaAnnotationTypes.contains(COMPONENT_ANNOTATION_CLASSNAME)) ||
annotationType.equals("javax.annotation.ManagedBean") ||
annotationType.equals("javax.inject.Named");
return (isStereotype && attributes != null && attributes.containsKey("value"));
}
metaAnnotationTypes用以判断元注解,针对这种情况:
@Component
public @interface Controller {}
可以看出,判断是否可以用来生成名字的依据便是注解类型是否在上面提到的6种之列并且value属性不为空。
默认策略
如果上面提到的条件不满足,那么便会用默认策略生成beanName,buildDefaultBeanName:
protected String buildDefaultBeanName(BeanDefinition definition) {
// base.SimpleBean -> SimpleBean
String shortClassName = ClassUtils.getShortName(definition.getBeanClassName());
//SimpleBean -> simpleBean
return Introspector.decapitalize(shortClassName);
}
注意,对于内部类: OuterClassName.InnerClassName -> outerClassName.InnerClassName.
其它注解解析
入口在AnnotationConfigUtils.processCommonDefinitionAnnotations,其它指的是这几个:
@Lazy
@Primary
@DependsOn("student")
@Role(BeanDefinition.ROLE_APPLICATION)
@Description("This is a simple bean.")
public class SimpleBean {}
这里面就是@Role没见过,默认就是上面那个值,Spring说这是一个"hint",可能没啥卵用,希望不要被打脸。解析之后设置到BeanDefinition,没啥好说的。
冲突检测
Spring会检测容器中是否已经存在同名的BeanDefinition。ClassPathBeanDefinitionScanner.checkCandidate:
protected boolean checkCandidate(String beanName, BeanDefinition beanDefinition) {
// 没有同名的,直接返回
if (!this.registry.containsBeanDefinition(beanName)) {
return true;
}
BeanDefinition existingDef = this.registry.getBeanDefinition(beanName);
BeanDefinition originatingDef = existingDef.getOriginatingBeanDefinition();
if (originatingDef != null) {
existingDef = originatingDef;
}
if (isCompatible(beanDefinition, existingDef)) {
return false;
}
throw new ConflictingBeanDefinitionException("冲突啦!");
}
isCompatible用于判断和之前的BeanDefinition是否兼容:
protected boolean isCompatible(BeanDefinition newDefinition, BeanDefinition existingDefinition) {
//// explicitly registered overriding bean
return (!(existingDefinition instanceof ScannedGenericBeanDefinition) ||
//// scanned same file twice
newDefinition.getSource().equals(existingDefinition.getSource()) ||
// scanned equivalent class twice
newDefinition.equals(existingDefinition));
}
可以看出,如果已经存在的BeanDefinition不是扫描来的,如果是由同一个class文件解析来的,如果两者equals,Spring都认为是兼容的,即Spring会用新的替换之前的。
代理生成
入口: ClassPathBeanDefinitionScanner.doScan:
BeanDefinitionHolder definitionHolder = new BeanDefinitionHolder(candidate, beanName);
definitionHolder = AnnotationConfigUtils.applyScopedProxyMode(scopeMetadata, definitionHolder, this.registry);
AnnotationConfigUtils.applyScopedProxyMode:
static BeanDefinitionHolder applyScopedProxyMode(
ScopeMetadata metadata, BeanDefinitionHolder definition, BeanDefinitionRegistry registry) {
ScopedProxyMode scopedProxyMode = metadata.getScopedProxyMode();
// 基本都是从这里跑了
if (scopedProxyMode.equals(ScopedProxyMode.NO)) {
return definition;
}
boolean proxyTargetClass = scopedProxyMode.equals(ScopedProxyMode.TARGET_CLASS);
return ScopedProxyCreator.createScopedProxy(definition, registry, proxyTargetClass);
}
最终调用的是ScopedProxyUtils.createScopedProxy,源码很多,这里说下重点:
- 这里所做的是生成了一个新的BeanDefinition对象,作为代理者,其属性拷贝自被代理者,代理者的beanClass为ScopedProxyFactoryBean,代理者的名字设置为被代理者的名字,而被代理者的名字改为scopedTarget.原名字,代理者内部有一个targetBeanName属性,就是被代理者的名字。
- 被代理者的autowireCandidate和primary属性被设为false,不能再当作其它bean的注入候选者。
- 将被代理者以scopedTarget.原名字注册到容器,返回代理者。
- 代理者和被代理者同时存在于容器中。
可以看出,这其实是一个偷天换日的过程。
做个实验:
public class Boostrap {
public static void main(String[] args) {
ClassPathXmlApplicationContext context = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("config.xml");
SimpleBean bean = SimpleBean.class.cast(context.getBean(SimpleBean.class));
System.out.println(bean.getClass().getName());
context.close();
}
}
SimpleBean已开启代理,输出的结果:
base.SimpleBean$$EnhancerBySpringCGLIB$$27256c61
那么问题来了,对于以class寻找的方式,必定会找到两个,那么怎么做出选择呢?
DefaultListableBeanFactory.getBean(Class
String[] beanNames = getBeanNamesForType(requiredType);
//不止一个满足条件(代理者和被代理者)
if (beanNames.length > 1) {
ArrayList<String> autowireCandidates = new ArrayList<String>();
for (String beanName : beanNames) {
// here
if (!containsBeanDefinition(beanName) || getBeanDefinition(beanName).isAutowireCandidate()) {
autowireCandidates.add(beanName);
}
}
if (autowireCandidates.size() > 0) {
beanNames = autowireCandidates.toArray(new String[autowireCandidates.size()]);
}
}
可以看出,是上面提到过的autowireCandidate设为了false的缘故导致了被代理者被pass。
BeanDefinition注册
你懂的。
Component注册
套路和annotation-config-逻辑关系整理一节完全一样,不再赘述。
property-override
作用
允许我们使用属性文件(.properties)的形式对bean的属性进行替换。下面是一个简单的demo:
定义如下的属性文件(property.properties):
student.name=dog
格式为: bean名字.属性名字=值。由如下的bean:
<bean id="student" class="base.Student">
<property name="name" value="skywalker" />
<property name="age" value="30" />
</bean>
进行如下的配置:
<context:property-override location="property.properties" />
运行如下的代码:
public static void main(String[] args) {
ClassPathXmlApplicationContext context = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("config.xml");
SimpleBean bean = SimpleBean.class.cast(context.getBean(SimpleBean.class));
System.out.println(bean.getStudent().getName());
context.close();
}
打印的便是dog,而不是skywalker。
类图
具体的实现类是PropertyOverrideBeanDefinitionParser,其类图如下:
解析
解析的原理是将此配置相关的信息保存到BeanDefinition中,更准确的说是一个GenericBeanDefinition。解析的源码:
AbstractPropertyLoadingBeanDefinitionParser.doParse:
@Override
protected void doParse(Element element, BeanDefinitionBuilder builder) {
String location = element.getAttribute("location");
if (StringUtils.hasLength(location)) {
String[] locations = StringUtils.commaDelimitedListToStringArray(location);
builder.addPropertyValue("locations", locations);
}
String propertiesRef = element.getAttribute("properties-ref");
if (StringUtils.hasLength(propertiesRef)) {
builder.addPropertyReference("properties", propertiesRef);
}
String fileEncoding = element.getAttribute("file-encoding");
if (StringUtils.hasLength(fileEncoding)) {
builder.addPropertyValue("fileEncoding", fileEncoding);
}
String order = element.getAttribute("order");
if (StringUtils.hasLength(order)) {
builder.addPropertyValue("order", Integer.valueOf(order));
}
builder.addPropertyValue("ignoreResourceNotFound",
Boolean.valueOf(element.getAttribute("ignore-resource-not-found")));
builder.addPropertyValue("localOverride",
Boolean.valueOf(element.getAttribute("local-override")));
builder.setRole(BeanDefinition.ROLE_INFRASTRUCTURE);
}
properties-ref
此属性允许我们直接引用一个java.util.Properties类型的bean作为数据源,示例:
<context:property-override properties-ref="property" />
<bean id="property" class="java.util.Properties">
<constructor-arg>
<props>
<prop key="student.name">cat</prop>
</props>
</constructor-arg>
</bean>
这样便可以看到结果。
order
此属性用以指定其优先级,假设配置了多个context:property-override并且里面有相同的字段,那么将依赖order决定结果。
ignore-resource-not-found
如果设为true,那么对于没有找到的属性文件将会忽略,否则会抛出异常,默认为false,抛异常。
ignore-unresolvable
如果设为true,那么对于没有找到对应的key将会忽略,否则抛出异常,默认false。
local-override
这个属性让我很迷惑。Spring说是此选项决定"local"的属性是否可以覆盖属性文件中的值。正如下面说的,实际上属性文件被解析到了PropertyOverrideConfigurer对象,其父类PropertiesLoaderSupport有一个字段:
protected Properties[] localProperties;
/**
* Set local properties, e.g. via the "props" tag in XML bean definitions.
* These can be considered defaults, to be overridden by properties
* loaded from files.
*/
public void setProperties(Properties properties) {
this.localProperties = new Properties[] {properties};
}
可以看出,这应该就是Spring所说的"local"属性。好,我们来注入一下:
<context:property-override location="property.properties" local-override="false" />
<bean class="org.springframework.beans.factory.config.PropertyOverrideConfigurer">
<property name="properties">
<array>
<props>
<prop key="student.name">cat</prop>
</props>
</array>
</property>
</bean>
然而Spring在注册PropertyOverrideConfigurer的时候根本没有检查容器中是否已经有此类型的BeanDefinition存在,这就导致容器中会同时存在两个!在此种情况下local-override根本没什么卵用,因为后面的PropertyOverrideConfigurer始终会覆盖前一个,local-override是针对一个PropertyOverrideConfigurer来说的,那么问题来了,除此之外如何通过XML向"local"注入?(context:property-override不允许子标签存在)
BeanDefinition
保存的BeanDefinition的beanClass为PropertyOverrideConfigurer,其类图:
运行
入口当然是BeanFactoryPostProcessor.postProcessBeanFactory(PropertyResourceConfigurer):
@Override
public void postProcessBeanFactory(ConfigurableListableBeanFactory beanFactory) {
try {
// 属性加载
Properties mergedProps = mergeProperties();
// Convert the merged properties, if necessary.
convertProperties(mergedProps);
// Let the subclass process the properties.
processProperties(beanFactory, mergedProps);
}
catch (IOException ex) {
throw new BeanInitializationException("Could not load properties", ex);
}
}
属性加载
PropertiesLoaderSupport.mergeProperties:
protected Properties mergeProperties() throws IOException {
Properties result = new Properties();
if (this.localOverride) {
// Load properties from file upfront, to let local properties override.
loadProperties(result);
}
if (this.localProperties != null) {
for (Properties localProp : this.localProperties) {
CollectionUtils.mergePropertiesIntoMap(localProp, result);
}
}
if (!this.localOverride) {
// Load properties from file afterwards, to let those properties override.
loadProperties(result);
}
return result;
}
可以看出,对local-override的支持是通过改变local和文件两者的加载顺序来实现的。
属性转换
convertProperties是个空实现,因为这里并不需要,在bean实际生成的时候才会转换。
属性设置
就是逐个属性调用PropertyOverrideConfigurer.applyPropertyValue:
protected void applyPropertyValue(
ConfigurableListableBeanFactory factory, String beanName, String property, String value) {
BeanDefinition bd = factory.getBeanDefinition(beanName);
while (bd.getOriginatingBeanDefinition() != null) {
bd = bd.getOriginatingBeanDefinition();
}
PropertyValue pv = new PropertyValue(property, value);
pv.setOptional(this.ignoreInvalidKeys);
bd.getPropertyValues().addPropertyValue(pv);
}
addPropertyValue会遍历PropertyValue链表,找到name相同的进行value替换。
property-placeholder
这个怎么用已经喜闻乐见了
解析
解析的实现类是PropertyPlaceholderBeanDefinitionParser,此类的父类继承体系和property-override的PropertyOverrideBeanDefinitionParser完全一样,所以整体的处理套路也是基本一致。为什么会一致呢,查看此配置拥有的属性就会发现,和property-override很多都是一样的,所以这里只对不一样的而进行说明。
PropertyPlaceholderBeanDefinitionParser.doParse:
@Override
protected void doParse(Element element, BeanDefinitionBuilder builder) {
super.doParse(element, builder);
builder.addPropertyValue("ignoreUnresolvablePlaceholders",
Boolean.valueOf(element.getAttribute("ignore-unresolvable")));
String systemPropertiesModeName = element.getAttribute(SYSTEM_PROPERTIES_MODE_ATTRIBUTE);
if (StringUtils.hasLength(systemPropertiesModeName) &&
!systemPropertiesModeName.equals(SYSTEM_PROPERTIES_MODE_DEFAULT)) {
builder.addPropertyValue("systemPropertiesModeName", "SYSTEM_PROPERTIES_MODE_"
+ systemPropertiesModeName);
}
if (element.hasAttribute("value-separator")) {
builder.addPropertyValue("valueSeparator", element.getAttribute("value-separator"));
}
if (element.hasAttribute("trim-values")) {
builder.addPropertyValue("trimValues", element.getAttribute("trim-values"));
}
if (element.hasAttribute("null-value")) {
builder.addPropertyValue("nullValue", element.getAttribute("null-value"));
}
}
system-properties-mode
Spring会将java的System.getProperties也当做属性的来源,此配置用于设置系统的和本地文件的同名属性的覆盖方式(谁覆盖谁),自己看文档去。
value-separator
用于配置默认的值的分隔符:
<bean id="student" class="base.Student">
<property name="name" value="${student.name:skywalker}" />
</bean>
如果属性文件里没有student.name,那么就是skywalker。默认就是:。
null-value
遇到哪些值应该当做空处理,比如可以把空串""设为这个,默认不对任何值进行处理。
trim-values
是否移除开头和结尾的空格,按理说应该是布尔值,但是Spring没有提供可以选择的值,经过测试发现设为true或是false都会把空格干掉,不知道什么鬼。
BeanDefinition
这次是PropertySourcesPlaceholderConfigurer,其类图:
运行
PropertySourcesPlaceholderConfigurer.postProcessBeanFactory:
@Override
public void postProcessBeanFactory(ConfigurableListableBeanFactory beanFactory) throws BeansException {
if (this.propertySources == null) {
this.propertySources = new MutablePropertySources();
if (this.environment != null) {
this.propertySources.addLast(
new PropertySource<Environment>(ENVIRONMENT_PROPERTIES_PROPERTY_SOURCE_NAME,
this.environment) {
@Override
public String getProperty(String key) {
return this.source.getProperty(key);
}
}
);
}
PropertySource<?> localPropertySource =
new PropertiesPropertySource(LOCAL_PROPERTIES_PROPERTY_SOURCE_NAME, mergeProperties());
if (this.localOverride) {
this.propertySources.addFirst(localPropertySource);
}
else {
this.propertySources.addLast(localPropertySource);
}
}
processProperties(beanFactory, new PropertySourcesPropertyResolver(this.propertySources));
this.appliedPropertySources = this.propertySources;
}
从源码中可以看出,如果其内部的propertySources属性不为空(当然默认是空),那么属性文件和系统属性都会被忽略。它的使用场景应该是这样:
不使用property-placeholder标签,以显式的bean定义代替。
处理
处理的过程就是遍历全部BeanDefinition,替换${},不再详细进行详细说明。
load-time-weaver & spring-configured
这两个配置是紧密相关的,所以在一起说了。
load-time-weaver用以开启aspectj类加载期织入,实际上是利用jdk1.6提供的instrument API实现的,原理就是jvm会在类加载之前将class暴露给我们制定的类,允许我们在此时对类进行修改。aspectj便利用此机会根据我们的配置生成对应的满足需求的子类。
可以参考:
Spring之LoadTimeWeaver——一个需求引发的思考
javaagent
要想使用此功能需要配置jvm参数javaagent指定代理类的jar包,示例:
-javaagent:D:\Software\maven-repos\org\springframework\spring-agent\2.5.6.SEC03\spring-agent-2.5.6.SEC03.jar
此jar包的META-INF/MANIFEST.MF文件需要配置如下一行:
Premain-Class: org.springframework.instrument.InstrumentationSavingAge
nt
Spring的这个jar包只有这一个类,premain方法便是jvm调用的入口,方法参数是固定的。源码:
public class InstrumentationSavingAgent {
private static volatile Instrumentation instrumentation;
public static void premain(String agentArgs, Instrumentation inst) {
instrumentation = inst;
}
public static Instrumentation getInstrumentation() {
return instrumentation;
}
}
所以,Spring在这里把Instrumentation给暴露了出来,供其它的类使用。
解析
解析的实现类是LoadTimeWeaverBeanDefinitionParser,其继承体系和property-override的PropertyOverrideBeanDefinitionParser类似。
LoadTimeWeaver
此接口用于向ClassLoader添加ClassFileTransformer对象,其继承体系:
LoadTimeWeaverBeanDefinitionParser的父类初始化了一个DefaultContextLoadTimeWeaver类型的BeanDefinition放入容器,类型的决定位于LoadTimeWeaverBeanDefinitionParser.getBeanClassName:
@Override
protected String getBeanClassName(Element element) {
// 如果配置了weaver-class属性,那么使用其值
if (element.hasAttribute(WEAVER_CLASS_ATTRIBUTE)) {
return element.getAttribute(WEAVER_CLASS_ATTRIBUTE);
}
// org.springframework.context.weaving.DefaultContextLoadTimeWeaver
return DEFAULT_LOAD_TIME_WEAVER_CLASS_NAME;
}
那么这个BeanDefinition的id/name又是什么呢?
LoadTimeWeaverBeanDefinitionParser.resolveId:
@Override
protected String resolveId(Element element, AbstractBeanDefinition definition, ParserContext parserContext) {
// loadTimeWeaver
return ConfigurableApplicationContext.LOAD_TIME_WEAVER_BEAN_NAME;
}
DefaultContextLoadTimeWeaver其实是个包装类,包装了真正的LoadTimeWeaver,使用这层包装的目的就是可以根据外部环境(服务器代理或是Spring自己的代理)确定内部LoadTimeWeaver的实现,具体参见后面运行-BeanClassLoaderAware-setBeanClassLoadery一节。
LoadTimeWeaverBeanDefinitionParser
LoadTimeWeaverBeanDefinitionParser.doParse:
@Override
protected void doParse(Element element, ParserContext parserContext, BeanDefinitionBuilder builder) {
builder.setRole(BeanDefinition.ROLE_INFRASTRUCTURE);
if (isAspectJWeavingEnabled(element.getAttribute(ASPECTJ_WEAVING_ATTRIBUTE), parserContext)) {
if (!parserContext.getRegistry().containsBeanDefinition(ASPECTJ_WEAVING_ENABLER_BEAN_NAME)) {
RootBeanDefinition def = new RootBeanDefinition(ASPECTJ_WEAVING_ENABLER_CLASS_NAME);
parserContext.registerBeanComponent(
new BeanComponentDefinition(def, ASPECTJ_WEAVING_ENABLER_BEAN_NAME));
}
if (isBeanConfigurerAspectEnabled(parserContext.getReaderContext().getBeanClassLoader())) {
new SpringConfiguredBeanDefinitionParser().parse(element, parserContext);
}
}
}
aspectj-weaving
这里便是加载其织入的开关,共有三个选项: on, off, autodect。前两个自不必说,autodect表示自动去检测/META-INF下是否存在aop.xml,如果有,那么开启。
此功能依赖于spring-aspectj包,此jar包下有aop.xml,所以autodect也是开启的。
是否开启
isAspectJWeavingEnabled方法用于判断是否启用:
protected boolean isAspectJWeavingEnabled(String value, ParserContext parserContext) {
if ("on".equals(value)) {
return true;
} else if ("off".equals(value)) {
return false;
} else {
// 寻找aop.xml
ClassLoader cl = parserContext.getReaderContext().getResourceLoader().getClassLoader();
return (cl.getResource(AspectJWeavingEnabler.ASPECTJ_AOP_XML_RESOURCE) != null);
}
}
AspectJWeavingEnabler
从源码中可以看出,Spring向容器放了一个这东西,名字叫org.springframework.context.config.internalAspectJWeavingEnabler。这东西用来向LoadTimeWeaver设置aspectj的ClassPreProcessorAgentAdapter对象。其类图:
SpringConfiguredBeanDefinitionParser
如果isBeanConfigurerAspectEnabled方法返回true,那么将会生成一个此对象并调用其parse方法,查看ContextNamespaceHandler的init方法源码可以发现,spring-configured对应的解析器其实就是它:
registerBeanDefinitionParser("spring-configured", new SpringConfiguredBeanDefinitionParser());
其parse方法:
@Override
public BeanDefinition parse(Element element, ParserContext parserContext) {
// org.springframework.context.config.internalBeanConfigurerAspect
if (!parserContext.getRegistry().containsBeanDefinition(BEAN_CONFIGURER_ASPECT_BEAN_NAME)) {
RootBeanDefinition def = new RootBeanDefinition();
// org.springframework.beans.factory.aspectj.AnnotationBeanConfigurerAspect
def.setBeanClassName(BEAN_CONFIGURER_ASPECT_CLASS_NAME);
def.setFactoryMethodName("aspectOf");
def.setRole(BeanDefinition.ROLE_INFRASTRUCTURE);
def.setSource(parserContext.extractSource(element));
parserContext.registerBeanComponent(new BeanComponentDefinition
(def, BEAN_CONFIGURER_ASPECT_BEAN_NAME));
}
return null;
}
很明显,把org.springframework.beans.factory.aspectj.AnnotationBeanConfigurerAspect添加到容器里了,这其实是一个切面,其类图:
AnnotationBeanConfigurerAspect及其父类其实是由aspectj源文件(.aj)编译而来,所以在spring-aspectj的源码包中看到的是.aj文件而不是.java。
下面就去aj文件中看看到底定义了哪些pointcut以及advise。
语法可以参考:
切点(pointcut)
inConfigurableBean
在AnnotationBeanConfigurerAspect中定义,源码:
public pointcut inConfigurableBean() : @this(Configurable);
@this没找到相关说明,结合@以及this的语义,猜测是匹配带有@Configurable注解(以及作为元注解)的类。
beanConstruction
源码:
public pointcut beanConstruction(Object bean) :
initialization(ConfigurableObject+.new(..)) && this(bean);
initialization表示匹配构造器的调用,ConfigurableObject+表示ConfigurableObject及其子类,这就说明可以用实现ConfigurableObject接口的方式代替@Configurable注解。this(bean)表示this必须满足this instanceof bean,也就是说被代理的对象必须是bean的子类。
preConstructionCondition
private pointcut preConstructionCondition() :
leastSpecificSuperTypeConstruction() && preConstructionConfiguration();
由两个pointcut与运算而来。
leastSpecificSuperTypeConstruction
public pointcut leastSpecificSuperTypeConstruction() : initialization(ConfigurableObject.new(..));
preConstructionConfiguration
public pointcut preConstructionConfiguration() : preConstructionConfigurationSupport(*);
private pointcut preConstructionConfigurationSupport(Configurable c) : @this(c) && if (c.preConstruction());
preConstruction表示@Configurable注解的preConstruction属性,此属性表示是否注入操作可以发生在构造之前,默认false。
postConstructionCondition
private pointcut postConstructionCondition() :
mostSpecificSubTypeConstruction() && !preConstructionConfiguration();
mostSpecificSubTypeConstruction:
public pointcut mostSpecificSubTypeConstruction() :
if (thisJoinPoint.getSignature().getDeclaringType() == thisJoinPoint.getThis().getClass());
advise可以声明JoinPoint类型的方法参数,thisJoinpoint指的就是这个。此pointcut的目的是匹配接口/抽象类的最具体的实现。
advise
前置
before(Object bean) :
beanConstruction(bean) && preConstructionCondition() && inConfigurableBean() {
configureBean(bean);
}
运行
AspectJWeavingEnabler.postProcessBeanFactory:
@Override
public void postProcessBeanFactory(ConfigurableListableBeanFactory beanFactory) throws BeansException {
enableAspectJWeaving(this.loadTimeWeaver, this.beanClassLoader);
}
enableAspectJWeaving:
public static void enableAspectJWeaving(LoadTimeWeaver weaverToUse, ClassLoader beanClassLoader) {
// 不为空
if (weaverToUse == null) {
if (InstrumentationLoadTimeWeaver.isInstrumentationAvailable()) {
weaverToUse = new InstrumentationLoadTimeWeaver(beanClassLoader);
}
else {
throw new IllegalStateException("No LoadTimeWeaver available");
}
}
weaverToUse.addTransformer(
new AspectJClassBypassingClassFileTransformer(new ClassPreProcessorAgentAdapter()));
}
LoadTimeWeaverAware
AspectJWeavingEnabler实现了LoadTimeWeaverAware接口,那么何时由谁进行注入的呢?
当Context初始化时,AbstractApplicationContext.prepareBeanFactory部分源码:
// loadTimeWeaver
if (beanFactory.containsBean(LOAD_TIME_WEAVER_BEAN_NAME)) {
beanFactory.addBeanPostProcessor(new LoadTimeWeaverAwareProcessor(beanFactory));
// Set a temporary ClassLoader for type matching.
beanFactory.setTempClassLoader(new ContextTypeMatchClassLoader(beanFactory.getBeanClassLoader()));
}
很明显,关键在于LoadTimeWeaverAwareProcessor,类图:
postProcessBeforeInitialization方法:
@Override
public Object postProcessBeforeInitialization(Object bean, String beanName) {
if (bean instanceof LoadTimeWeaverAware) {
LoadTimeWeaver ltw = this.loadTimeWeaver;
if (ltw == null) {
Assert.state(this.beanFactory != null,
"BeanFactory required if no LoadTimeWeaver explicitly specified");
// 去容器找
ltw = this.beanFactory.getBean(
ConfigurableApplicationContext.LOAD_TIME_WEAVER_BEAN_NAME, LoadTimeWeaver.class);
}
((LoadTimeWeaverAware) bean).setLoadTimeWeaver(ltw);
}
return bean;
}
可以看出,如果本地的loadTimeWeaver为空,那么会去容器找,调用了getBean方法,也就是说DefaultContextLoadTimeWeaver就是在这里初始化的。
BeanFactoryPostProcessor也是一个bean,所以它的初始化也会BeanPostProcessor的处理。不过注意一点:
BeanPostProcessor的注册是在BeanFactoryPostProcessor的调用之后进行的:
AbstractApplicationContext.refresh:
// Invoke factory processors registered as beans in the context.
invokeBeanFactoryPostProcessors(beanFactory);
// Register bean processors that intercept bean creation.
registerBeanPostProcessors(beanFactory);
那么BeanFactoryPostProcessor初始化的时候执行处理的BeanPostProcessor是哪里来的?
AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.applyBeanPostProcessorsBeforeInitialization源码:
@Override
public Object applyBeanPostProcessorsBeforeInitialization(Object existingBean, String beanName) {
Object result = existingBean;
for (BeanPostProcessor beanProcessor : getBeanPostProcessors()) {
result = beanProcessor.postProcessBeforeInitialization(result, beanName);
if (result == null) {
return result;
}
}
return result;
}
getBeanPostProcessors:
public List<BeanPostProcessor> getBeanPostProcessors() {
return this.beanPostProcessors;
}
可以看出,并没有查找容器的过程,所以此处并不会导致BeanPostProcessor的初始化。问题的关键就在于LoadTimeWeaverAwareProcessor的添加方式:
beanFactory.addBeanPostProcessor(new LoadTimeWeaverAwareProcessor(beanFactory));
直接将实例添加到BeanFactory中,所以可以得出结论:
我们自定义的BeanPostProcessor不会对BeanFactoryPostProcessor的初始化造成影响,除非使用调用BeanFactory.addBeanPostProcessor的方式进行添加。
BeanClassLoaderAware
入口
DefaultContextLoadTimeWeaver同样实现了此接口,那么哪里调用的呢?
AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.initializeBean调用了invokeAwareMethods方法,源码:
private void invokeAwareMethods(final String beanName, final Object bean) {
if (bean instanceof Aware) {
if (bean instanceof BeanNameAware) {
((BeanNameAware) bean).setBeanName(beanName);
}
if (bean instanceof BeanClassLoaderAware) {
((BeanClassLoaderAware) bean).setBeanClassLoader(getBeanClassLoader());
}
if (bean instanceof BeanFactoryAware) {
((BeanFactoryAware) bean).setBeanFactory(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.this);
}
}
}
setBeanClassLoader
这个方法很关键,对instrument的获取就是在这里。源码:
@Override
public void setBeanClassLoader(ClassLoader classLoader) {
LoadTimeWeaver serverSpecificLoadTimeWeaver = createServerSpecificLoadTimeWeaver(classLoader);
if (serverSpecificLoadTimeWeaver != null) {
this.loadTimeWeaver = serverSpecificLoadTimeWeaver;
} else if (InstrumentationLoadTimeWeaver.isInstrumentationAvailable()) {
this.loadTimeWeaver = new InstrumentationLoadTimeWeaver(classLoader);
} else {
this.loadTimeWeaver = new ReflectiveLoadTimeWeaver(classLoader);
}
}
很明显分为三部分。
服务器agent
Spring首先会去检测是否存在服务器的agent代理。按照Spring doc里说的,支持下列服务器:
Oracle WebLogic 10,GlassFish 3, Tomcat 6, 7 and 8, JBoss AS 5, 6 and 7, IBM WebSphere 7 and 8.
createServerSpecificLoadTimeWeaver源码:
protected LoadTimeWeaver createServerSpecificLoadTimeWeaver(ClassLoader classLoader) {
String name = classLoader.getClass().getName();
if (name.startsWith("weblogic")) {
return new WebLogicLoadTimeWeaver(classLoader);
} else if (name.startsWith("org.glassfish")) {
return new GlassFishLoadTimeWeaver(classLoader);
} else if (name.startsWith("org.apache.catalina")) {
return new TomcatLoadTimeWeaver(classLoader);
} else if (name.startsWith("org.jboss")) {
return new JBossLoadTimeWeaver(classLoader);
} else if (name.startsWith("com.ibm")) {
return new WebSphereLoadTimeWeaver(classLoader);
}
return null;
}
可以看出,对于服务器的判断是通过检测当前的类加载器来实现的,因为这些服务器都使用了自己的类加载器实现。
这也从侧面说明,如果当前处于以上服务器所在的web应用环境,不需要spring-agent.jar便可以实现LTW(载入期织入)。
Spring agent
这个也是测试时使用的。InstrumentationLoadTimeWeaver.isInstrumentationAvailable:
public static boolean isInstrumentationAvailable() {
return (getInstrumentation() != null);
}
private static Instrumentation getInstrumentation() {
if (AGENT_CLASS_PRESENT) {
return InstrumentationAccessor.getInstrumentation();
} else {
return null;
}
}
AGENT_CLASS_PRESENT是一个布尔变量,就是判断org.springframework.instrument.InstrumentationSavingAgent是否存在,这个便是spring-agent.jar中唯一的类。
InstrumentationAccessor是InstrumentationLoadTimeWeaver的内部类:
private static class InstrumentationAccessor {
public static Instrumentation getInstrumentation() {
return InstrumentationSavingAgent.getInstrumentation();
}
}
这里便是获取spring-agent.jar暴露的Instrumentation对象的地方了。
反射
在这种情况中,Spring寄托于当前的ClassLoader实现了LoadTimeWeaver的功能,也就是必须有addTransformer方法,如果有,Spring便会把LoadTimeWeaver的职责委托给ClassLoader,如果没有只能抛异常了(抱歉,我们没法支持LTW...),检测的源码位于ReflectiveLoadTimeWeaver的构造器:
public ReflectiveLoadTimeWeaver() {
this(ClassUtils.getDefaultClassLoader());
}
public ReflectiveLoadTimeWeaver(ClassLoader classLoader) {
Assert.notNull(classLoader, "ClassLoader must not be null");
this.classLoader = classLoader;
this.addTransformerMethod = ClassUtils.getMethodIfAvailable(
this.classLoader.getClass(), ADD_TRANSFORMER_METHOD_NAME, ClassFileTransformer.class);
if (this.addTransformerMethod == null) {
throw new IllegalStateException();
}
}
总结
其实可以不用Spring,只使用aspectj自己便可以实现LTW,只需要把代理jar包设为aspect-weaver.jar,并自己编写aop.xml文件以及相应的aspect类即可。可以参考官方文档:
ClassFileTransformer
从enableAspectJWeaving方法的源码可以看出,实际上就是向DefaultContextLoadTimeWeaver添加了一个AspectJClassBypassingClassFileTransformer对象。根据java instrument API的定义,每当一个Class被加载的时候都会去调用挂在Instrumentation上的ClassFileTransformer的transform方法。所以LTW的核心便在这里了。
AspectJClassBypassingClassFileTransformer.transform:
@Override
public byte[] transform(ClassLoader loader, String className, Class<?> classBeingRedefined,
ProtectionDomain protectionDomain, byte[] classfileBuffer) {
// aspectj自身的类无需检测(织入),直接跳过
if (className.startsWith("org.aspectj") || className.startsWith("org/aspectj")) {
return classfileBuffer;
}
return this.delegate.transform(loader, className, classBeingRedefined,
protectionDomain, classfileBuffer);
}
delegate是一个org.aspectj.weaver.loadtime.ClassPreProcessorAgentAdapter对象。这是一个适配器模式,其类图:
根据Aspectj的doc,ClassPreProcessor用于将Aspectj 5对于jdk5依赖代码抽取出来以便可以支持jdk1.3/1.4.
Aj
Aj的preProcess方法很长,其实只干了两件事,都是围绕着WeavingAdaptor进行的。对类的处理也转交给WeavingAdaptor的weaveClass方法。
缓存
Aj使用了WeavingAdaptor缓存机制,确保一个ClassLoader只有一个WeavingAdaptor对象,因为其初始化的成本很高,缓存利用一个key为AdaptorKey(包装了ClassLoader), value为WeavingAdaptor的HashMap来实现。
WeavingAdaptor初始化
初始化就是ClassLoaderWeavingAdaptor.initialize方法,初始化分部分来进行说明。Aspectj部分不再详细展开,只对关键的部分进行说明。
aop.xml
解析
aop.xml的解析便是在这里进行。解析的过程无非是xml的解析,下面是其结果如何存储的:
以org.aspectj.weaver.loadtime.definition.Definition为载体,我们以spring-aspects.jar下的aop.xml为例:
<aspectj>
<aspects>
<aspect name="org.springframework.beans.factory.aspectj.AnnotationBeanConfigurerAspect"/>
<aspect name="org.springframework.scheduling.aspectj.AnnotationAsyncExecutionAspect"/>
<aspect name="org.springframework.transaction.aspectj.AnnotationTransactionAspect"/>
<aspect name="org.springframework.transaction.aspectj.JtaAnnotationTransactionAspect"/>
<aspect name="org.springframework.cache.aspectj.AnnotationCacheAspect"/>
<aspect name="org.springframework.cache.aspectj.JCacheCacheAspect"/>
</aspects>
</aspectj>
那么解析后的结果:
注册
入口方法在ClassLoaderWeavingAdaptor.registerDefinitions:
private boolean registerDefinitions(final BcelWeaver weaver, final ClassLoader loader, List<Definition> definitions) {
//对应<weaver options="-verbose">
registerOptions(weaver, loader, definitions);
//对应<exclude>标签
registerAspectExclude(weaver, loader, definitions);
//对应<include>标签
registerAspectInclude(weaver, loader, definitions);
// <aspect>
success = registerAspects(weaver, loader, definitions);
registerIncludeExclude(weaver, loader, definitions);
//对应<dump>标签
registerDump(weaver, loader, definitions);
//忽略返回
}
总结
Spring将切面以编译过的Aspectj语言形式定义,不过也可以用原生java类。spring-aspectj包定义的是供各个模块进行LTW的切面。Aspectj部分不再继续向下深入探究。