【Canal】利用canal实现mysql实时增量备份并对接kafka

简介

canal 1.1.1版本之后, 默认支持将canal server接收到的binlog数据直接投递到MQ, 目前默认支持的MQ系统有:

kafka: https://github.com/apache/kafka

RocketMQ : https://github.com/apache/rocketmq

本文中默认已经安装了kafka环境，仅做对接的演示；（若没有安装则需要提前安装kafka）

演示环境如下：

bigdata111	bigdata112	bigdata113
centos7.0	centos7.0	centos7.0
jdk1.8	jdk1.8	jdk1.8
zookeeper3.4	zookeeper3.4	zookeeper3.4
	mysql5.7
canal-server	canal-server	canal-server
	canal-admin
kafka2.11	kafka2.11	kafka2.11

1.修改canal.properties文件（三台机器）

[root@bigdata111 canal-server]# cd conf/
[root@bigdata111 conf]# ll
总用量 20
-rwxr-xr-x. 1 root root  291 3月  16 04:43 canal_local.properties
-rwxr-xr-x. 1 root root 5182 3月  16 04:54 canal.properties
drwxrwxrwx. 2 root root   47 3月  16 05:02 example
-rwxr-xr-x. 1 root root 3119 3月  16 04:43 logback.xml
drwxrwxrwx. 2 root root   38 3月  16 04:43 metrics
drwxrwxrwx. 3 root root 4096 3月  16 04:43 spring
[root@bigdata111 conf]# vi canal.properties 

# 修改服务模式为kafka
canal.serverMode = kafka
# 修改kafka的对应服务器
canal.mq.servers = bigdata111:9092,bigdata112:9092,bigdata113:9092

2.修改instance.properties文件（三台机器）

[root@bigdata111 conf]# cd example/
[root@bigdata111 example]# ll
总用量 196
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 196608 3月  16 04:43 h2.mv.db
-rwxr-xr-x. 1 root root   2037 3月  16 05:02 instance.properties
[root@bigdata111 example]# vi instance.properties

# 将数据发送到指定的topic
canal.mq.topic=test  

3.启动zookeeper和Canal（三台机器）

启动zookeeper、查看zk的状态

[root@bigdata111 canal-server]# zkServer.sh start
ZooKeeper JMX enabled by default
Using config: /opt/module/zookeeper-3.4.10/bin/../conf/zoo.cfg
Starting zookeeper ... STARTED
[root@bigdata111 canal-server]# zkServer.sh status
ZooKeeper JMX enabled by default
Using config: /opt/module/zookeeper-3.4.10/bin/../conf/zoo.cfg
Mode: follower

[root@bigdata112 canal-server]# zkServer.sh start
ZooKeeper JMX enabled by default
Using config: /opt/module/zookeeper-3.4.10/bin/../conf/zoo.cfg
Starting zookeeper ... STARTED
[root@bigdata112 canal-server]# zkServer.sh status
ZooKeeper JMX enabled by default
Using config: /opt/module/zookeeper-3.4.10/bin/../conf/zoo.cfg
Mode: follower

[root@bigdata113 canal-server]# zkServer.sh start
ZooKeeper JMX enabled by default
Using config: /opt/module/zookeeper-3.4.10/bin/../conf/zoo.cfg
Starting zookeeper ... STARTED
[root@bigdata113 canal-server]# zkServer.sh status
ZooKeeper JMX enabled by default
Using config: /opt/module/zookeeper-3.4.10/bin/../conf/zoo.cfg
Mode: leader

启动canal

[root@bigdata111 canal-server]# bin/startup.sh
[root@bigdata112 canal-server]# bin/startup.sh
[root@bigdata113 canal-server]# bin/startup.sh

4.启动kafka服务（三台机器）

[root@bigdata111 kafka-2.11]# kafka-server-start.sh /opt/module/kafka-2.11/config/server.properties &
[root@bigdata112 kafka-2.11]# kafka-server-start.sh /opt/module/kafka-2.11/config/server.properties &
[root@bigdata113 kafka-2.11]# kafka-server-start.sh /opt/module/kafka-2.11/config/server.properties &

5.查看所有进程（三台机器）

[root@bigdata111 canal-server]# jps
5360 Kafka
4963 QuorumPeerMain
5699 Jps
5044 CanalLauncher

5.启动kafka消费者（bigdata113）

在bigdata113上启动消费者

kafka版本大于0.9以上，使用以下命令启动消费者：

[root@bigdata113 canal-server]# kafka-console-consumer.sh --bootstrap-server bigdata113:9092 --from-beginning --topic test

kafka版本小于0.9版本，使用以下命令启动消费者：

[root@bigdata113 canal-server]# kafka-console-consumer.sh --zookeeper bigdata113:2181 --from-beginning --topic test

如果在启动过程中报错：

zookeeper is not a recognized option

则是因为版本不同造成的，对应修改如上方式即可；

6.mysql操作数据

比如数据库中有一个stu表，我们向里面增加，更新，删除一个数据，看kafka消费者中的数据变化；

mysql> select * from stu limit 10;
+----+--------+------+---------------------+
| id | name   | sex  | stime               |
+----+--------+------+---------------------+
|  1 | 张三   | 男   | 2019-09-23 17:25:07 |
|  2 | 李四   | 女   | 2019-09-23 17:25:13 |
|  3 | 李楠   | 男   | 2019-09-23 17:25:21 |
|  4 | 张畅   | 女   | 2019-09-23 17:25:30 |
|  5 | 李想   | 男   | 2019-09-23 17:25:38 |
|  6 | 赵街   | 男   | 2019-09-23 17:25:50 |
|  7 | 林安   | 男   | 2019-09-23 17:26:00 |
|  8 | 秦王   | 男   | 2019-09-23 17:45:47 |
|  9 | 纣王   | 男   | 2019-09-23 17:45:47 |
| 10 | 张楠   | 男   | 2019-09-23 17:45:47 |
+----+--------+------+---------------------+
10 rows in set (0.00 sec)

mysql> insert into stu(id,name,sex)values(99332,'test111','男');
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.03 sec)

mysql> update stu set name='test222' where id = 99332;
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.07 sec)
Rows matched: 1  Changed: 1  Warnings: 0

mysql> delete from stu where id =99332;
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.03 sec)

kafka消费者变化：

[root@bigdata113 kafka-2.11]# kafka-console-consumer.sh --bootstrap-server bigdata113:9092 --from-beginning --topic test
{"data":[{"id":"9999","name":"张三22222","sex":"男","stime":"2020-03-16 06:24:53"}],"database":"student","es":1584311093000,"id":2,"isDdl":false,"mysqlType":{"id":"int(11)","name":"varchar(255)","sex":"varchar(255)","stime":"timestamp"},"old":null,"pkNames":["id"],"sql":"","sqlType":{"id":4,"name":12,"sex":12,"stime":93},"table":"stu","ts":1584313187762,"type":"INSERT"}
[2020-03-16 07:19:38,216] INFO [GroupMetadataManager brokerId=113] Removed 0 expired offsets in 0 milliseconds. (kafka.coordinator.group.GroupMetadataManager)
{"data":[{"id":"99332","name":"test111","sex":"男","stime":"2020-03-16 07:22:02"}],"database":"student","es":1584314522000,"id":3,"isDdl":false,"mysqlType":{"id":"int(11)","name":"varchar(255)","sex":"varchar(255)","stime":"timestamp"},"old":null,"pkNames":["id"],"sql":"","sqlType":{"id":4,"name":12,"sex":12,"stime":93},"table":"stu","ts":1584314522967,"type":"INSERT"}
{"data":[{"id":"99332","name":"test222","sex":"男","stime":"2020-03-16 07:23:55"}],"database":"student","es":1584314635000,"id":4,"isDdl":false,"mysqlType":{"id":"int(11)","name":"varchar(255)","sex":"varchar(255)","stime":"timestamp"},"old":[{"name":"test111","stime":"2020-03-16 07:22:02"}],"pkNames":["id"],"sql":"","sqlType":{"id":4,"name":12,"sex":12,"stime":93},"table":"stu","ts":1584314635674,"type":"UPDATE"}
{"data":[{"id":"99332","name":"test222","sex":"男","stime":"2020-03-16 07:23:55"}],"database":"student","es":1584314658000,"id":5,"isDdl":false,"mysqlType":{"id":"int(11)","name":"varchar(255)","sex":"varchar(255)","stime":"timestamp"},"old":null,"pkNames":["id"],"sql":"","sqlType":{"id":4,"name":12,"sex":12,"stime":93},"table":"stu","ts":1584314658748,"type":"DELETE"}