C++ Primer Plus章节编程练习(第六章)

第六章 分支语句和逻辑运算符

1、编写一个程序,读取键盘输入,直到遇到@符号为止,并回显输入(数字除外),同时将大写字母转换为小写,将小写字符转换为大写。

 1 #include<iostream>
 2 #include<cctype>
 3 using namespace std;
 4 int main(){
 5     char ch;
 6     cin >> ch;
 7     while(ch != '@'){
 8         if(islower(ch))
 9             cout << char(ch - 32);
10         else if(isupper(ch))
11             cout << char(ch + 32);
12         else if(isdigit(ch) == false)
13             cout << ch;
14         cin >> ch;
15     }
16 }

2、编写一个程序,最多将10个donation值读入到一个double数组中(如果您愿意,也可以使用模板类 array)。程序遇到非数字输入时将结束输入,并报告这些数字的平均值以及数组中有多少个数字大于平均值。

 1 #include<iostream>
 2 using namespace std;
 3 const int SIZE = 10;
 4 int main(){
 5     double donation[SIZE];
 6     int i = 0;
 7     int above = 0;
 8     int count = 0;
 9     double sum = 0;
10     double average;
11     while(i < SIZE && (cin >> donation[i])){
12         sum += donation[i];
13         i++;
14     }
15     average = sum / i;
16     for(int j = 0; j < i; j++){
17         if(donation[j] > average)
18             above++;
19     }
20     cout << "Average: " << average <<endl;
21     cout << "Above average: " << above << endl; 
22 }

  cin>>donation[i]返回一个布尔类型,用来判断输入是否有效

3、编写一个菜单驱动程序的雏形。该程序显示一个提供4个选项的菜单——每个选项用一个字母标记。如果用户使用有效选项之外的字母进行响应,程序将提示用户输入一个有效的字母,直到用户这样做为止。然后,该程序使用一条switch语句,根据用户的选择执行一个简单的操作。该程序的运行情况如下:

  Please enter one of the following choices:

  c) carnivore    p) pianist

  t) tree        g) game

  f

  Please enter a c, p, t, or g: q

  Please enter a c, p, t, or g: t

  A maple is a tree.

 1 #include<iostream>
 2 using namespace std;
 3 int main(){
 4     char ch;
 5     cout << "Please enter one of the following choices:" << endl
 6          << "c) carnivore\t\t" << "p) pianist" << endl
 7          << "t) tree     \t\t" << "g) game" << endl
 8          << "f" << endl;
 9     paris: 
10     cin >> ch;
11     switch(ch){
12         case 'C':
13         case 'c': cout << "you choice c" << endl;
14                   break;
15         case 'P':
16         case 'p': cout << "you choice p" << endl;
17                   break;
18         case 'T': 
19         case 't': cout << "you choice t" << endl;
20                   break;
21         case 'G':
22         case 'g': cout << "you choice g" << endl;
23                   break;
24         default : cout << "Please enter a c, p, t, or g:";
25                   goto paris;
26     }
27     return 0;
28 }

4、加入Benevolent Order of Programmer后,在BOP大会上,人们便可以通过加入者的真实姓名、头衔或秘密BOP姓名来了解他(她)。请编写一个程序,可以使用真实姓名、头衔、秘密姓名或成员偏好来列出成员。编写该程序时,请使用下面的结构:

  //Benevolent Order of Programmer name structure

  struct bop{

    char fullname[strsize];  // real name

    char title[strsize];  // job title

    char bopname[strsize];  // secret BOP name

    int preference;  // 0 = fulname, 1 = title, 2 = bopname 

  }

   该程序创建了一个由上述结构组成的小型数组,并将其初始化为适合的值。另外,该程序使用一个循环,让用户在下面的选项中进行选择:

  a. display by name    b.display by title

  c.display by bopname    d.diaplay by preference

  q.quit

   注意,“diaplay by preference”并不意味着显示成员的偏好,而是意味着根据成员的偏好来列出成员。例如,如果偏好号为1,则选择d将显示程序员的头衔。

 1 #include<iostream>
 2 const int strsize = 20;
 3 using namespace std;
 4 struct bop{
 5     char fullname[strsize];
 6     char title[strsize];
 7     char bopname[strsize];
 8     int preference;
 9 };
10 int main(){
11     bop info[5] = {{"Wimp Macho", "W", "Wimp", 0}, {"Raki Rhodes", "R", "Raki", 1}, {"Celia Laiter", "C", "Celia", 2}, {"Hoppy Hipman", "H", "Hoppy", 0}, {"Pat Hand", "P", "Pat", 1}};
12     char ch;
13     cout << "Benevolent Order of Programmers Report" << endl
14          << "a. display by name  \t" << "b.display by title" << endl
15          << "c.display by bopname\t" << "d.diaplay by preference" << endl
16          << "q.quit" << endl;
17     cout << "Enter your choice: ";
18     cin >> ch;
19     while(ch != 'q'){
20         switch(ch){
21             case 'a' : for(int i=0; i<5; i++)
22                        {
23                                cout << info[i].fullname << endl;
24                        }
25                        break;
26             case 'b' : for(int i=0; i<5; i++)
27                        {
28                                cout << info[i].title << endl;
29                        }
30                        break;
31             case 'c' : for(int i=0; i<5; i++)
32                        {
33                                cout << info[i].bopname << endl;
34                        }
35                        break;
36             case 'd' : for(int i=0; i<5; i++)
37                        {
38                                if(info[i].preference == 0)
39                                    cout << info[i].fullname << endl;
40                                else if(info[i].preference == 1)
41                                    cout << info[i].title << endl;
42                                else
43                                    cout << info[i].bopname << endl;                           
44                        }
45                        break;
46             
47         }
48         cout << "Next choice: ";
49         cin >> ch;    
50     }
51     return 0;
52 }

 5、在Neutronia王国,货币单位是tvarp,收入所得税的计算方式如下:

  5000 tvarps:不收税

  5001~15000 tvarps:10%

  15001~35000 tvarps:15%

  35000 tvarps以上:20%

  例如,收入为38000tvarps时,所得税为5000 x 0.00 + 10000 x 0.10 + 20000 x 0.15 + 3000 x 0.20,即4600 tvarps。请编写一个程序,使用循环来要求用户输入收入,并报告所得税。当用户输入负数或非零数字时,循环将结束。

 1 #include<iostream>
 2 using namespace std;
 3 int main(){
 4     double income;
 5     double tax;
 6     cout << "Enter your income: ";
 7     while(cin >> income){
 8         if(income <= 5000.0)
 9             tax = 0.0;
10         else if(income > 5000.0 && income <= 15000)
11             tax = (income - 5000.0) * 0.10;
12         else if(income > 15000 && income <= 35000)
13             tax = 1000 + (income - 15000) * 0.15;
14         else
15             tax = 4000 + (income - 35000) * 0.20; 
16         
17         cout << "Your tax: " << tax << endl;
18     }
19     return 0;
20 }

6、编写一个程序,记录捐助给“维护合法权利团体”的资金。该程序要求用户输入捐款者数目,然后要求用户输入每一个捐款者的姓名和款项。这些信息被存储在一个动态分配的结构数组中。每个结构有两个成员:用来存储姓名的字符数组(或string对象)和用来存储款项的double成员。读取所有的数据后,程序将显示所有捐款超过10000的捐款者的姓名及其捐款数额。该列表前应包含一个标题,指出下面的捐款者是重要的捐款人(Grand Patrons)。然后,程序将列出其他的捐款者,该列表要以Patrons开头。如果某种类别没有捐款者,则程序将打印单词“none”。该程序只显示这两种类别,而不进行排序。

 1 #include<iostream>
 2 #include<string>
 3 using namespace std;
 4 struct person{
 5     string name;
 6     double donation;
 7 };
 8 int main(){
 9     int n;
10     cout << "How many donors ?" << endl;
11     bool isgrand = false;
12     bool isoridinary = false;
13     cin >> n;
14     person *per = new person[n];
15     for(int i = 0; i < n; i++){
16         cin.ignore();
17         cout << "Name: ";
18         getline(cin, per[i].name);
19         cout << "Donation: ";
20         cin >> per[i].donation;
21     }
22     cout << endl << "Grand Patrons:" << endl;
23     for(int i = 0; i < n; i++){
24         if(per[i].donation >= 10000){
25             cout << per[i].name << "\t" << per[i].donation << endl;
26             isgrand = true;
27         }
28     }
29     if(!isgrand)
30         cout << "none" << endl;
31     cout << "Patrons:" << endl;
32     for(int i = 0; i < n; i++){
33         if(per[i].donation < 10000){
34             cout << per[i].name << "\t" << per[i].donation << endl;
35             isoridinary = true;
36         }
37     }
38     if(!isoridinary)
39         cout << "none" << endl;
40     return 0;
41 }

7、编写一个程序,它每次读取一个单词,直到用户输入q。然后,该程序指出有多少个单词以元音打头,有多少单词以辅音打头,还有多少单词不属于这两类。为此,方法之一是,使用isalpha()来区分以字母和其他字符打头的单词,然后对于通过了isalpha()测试的单词,使用if或switch语句来确定哪些以元音打头。该程序的运行情况如下:

  Enter words (q to quit):

  The 12 awesome oxen ambled

  quietly across 15 meters od lawn. q

  5 words beginning with vowels

  4 words beginning with consonants

  2 others

 1 #include<iostream> 
 2 #include<cstring>
 3 #include<cctype>
 4 using namespace std;
 5 int main(){
 6     int vowels = 0;
 7     int consonants = 0;
 8     int others = 0;
 9     cout << "Enter words (q to quit):" << endl;
10     char ch[20];
11     cin >> ch;
12     while(strcmp(ch, "q")){
13         if(isalpha(ch[0])){
14             switch(ch[0]){
15                 case 'a':
16                 case 'A': 
17                 case 'e':
18                 case 'E':
19                 case 'i':
20                 case 'I':
21                 case 'o':
22                 case 'O':
23                 case 'u':
24                 case 'U': vowels++;
25                           break;
26                 default : consonants++;
27                           break;
28             }
29         }
30         else
31             others++;
32         cin >> ch;
33     }
34     cout << vowels << " words beginning with vowels" << endl;
35     cout << consonants << " words beginning with consonants" << endl;
36     cout << others << " others" << endl;
37     return 0;
38 }

8、编写一个程序,它打开一个文本文件,逐个地读取该文件,直到到达文件末尾,然后指出该文件中包含多少个字符。

 1 #include<iostream>
 2 #include<fstream>
 3 #include<cstdlib> 
 4 const int SIZE = 50;
 5 using namespace std;
 6 int main(){
 7     int count = 0;
 8     char ch;
 9     char fileName[SIZE];
10     ifstream inFile;
11     cout << "Enter name of the data file: ";
12     cin.getline(fileName, SIZE);
13     inFile.open(fileName);
14     if(!inFile.is_open()){
15         cout << "Could not open the file " << fileName << endl;
16         cout << "Program terminating.\n";
17         exit(EXIT_FAILURE);    
18     }
19     while(inFile >> ch >> ch && inFile.good())
20         count++;    
21     cout << count << endl;
22     inFile.close();
23     return 0;
24 }

9、完成编程练习6,但从文件中读取所需要的信息。该文件的第一项应为捐款人数,余下的内容应为成对的行。在每一对中,第一行为捐款人姓名,第二行为捐款数额。

 1 #include<iostream>
 2 #include<fstream>
 3 #include<cstdlib>
 4 const int SIZE = 30;
 5 using namespace std;
 6 struct person{
 7     string name;
 8     double donation;
 9 };
10 int main(){
11     int n;
12     char fileName[SIZE];
13     ifstream inFile;
14     char name[SIZE];
15     double money;
16     cout << "Enter name of the data file: ";
17     cin.getline(fileName, SIZE);
18     inFile.open(fileName);
19     if(!inFile.is_open()){
20         cout << "Could not open the file " << fileName << endl;
21         cout << "Program terminating.\n";
22         exit(EXIT_FAILURE);    
23     }
24     inFile >> n;
25     inFile.ignore();
26     cout << n <<" persons" << endl;
27     for(int i=0; i<n; i++){
28         inFile.getline(name, SIZE);
29         inFile >> money;
30         inFile.ignore();
31         cout << "Name: " << name <<endl;
32         cout << "Donation: " << money << endl;
33     }
34     inFile.close();
35     return 0;
36     
37 }

 

posted @ 2018-09-17 16:44  SChenqi  阅读(697)  评论(0编辑  收藏  举报