设计模式-23种设计模式-创建型-原型模式

一、原型模式介绍

二、原型模式引入

需求:

传统方式UML类图:

 

 

 代码实现(Java):

复制代码
public class Sheep {
    private String name;
    private int age;
    private String color;

    public Sheep(String name, int age, String color) {
        this.name = name;
        this.age = age;
        this.color = color;
    }

    public String getName() {
        return name;
    }

    public void setName(String name) {
        this.name = name;
    }

    public int getAge() {
        return age;
    }

    public void setAge(int age) {
        this.age = age;
    }

    public String getColor() {
        return color;
    }

    public void setColor(String color) {
        this.color = color;
    }

    @Override
    public String toString() {
        return "Sheep{" +
                "name='" + name + '\'' +
                ", age=" + age +
                ", color='" + color + '\'' +
                '}';
    }
}
复制代码
复制代码
public class Client {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        //传统方法
        Sheep sheep = new Sheep("tom", 1, "白色");
        Sheep sheep1 = new Sheep(sheep.getName(), sheep.getAge(), sheep.getColor());
        Sheep sheep2 = new Sheep(sheep.getName(), sheep.getAge(), sheep.getColor());
        Sheep sheep3 = new Sheep(sheep.getName(), sheep.getAge(), sheep.getColor());
        Sheep sheep4 = new Sheep(sheep.getName(), sheep.getAge(), sheep.getColor());
        Sheep sheep5 = new Sheep(sheep.getName(), sheep.getAge(), sheep.getColor());

        System.out.println(sheep);
        System.out.println(sheep1);
        System.out.println(sheep2);
        System.out.println(sheep3);
        System.out.println(sheep4);
        System.out.println(sheep5);
    }
}
复制代码

原型模式UML类图:

 

 

原型模式(浅拷贝Java实现):

复制代码
public class Sheep implements Cloneable{
    private String name;
    private int age;
    private String color;
    private String address = "蒙古羊";
    public Sheep friend; //是对象,克隆会如何处理

    public Sheep(String name, int age, String color) {
        this.name = name;
        this.age = age;
        this.color = color;
    }

    public String getName() {
        return name;
    }

    public void setName(String name) {
        this.name = name;
    }

    public int getAge() {
        return age;
    }

    public void setAge(int age) {
        this.age = age;
    }

    public String getColor() {
        return color;
    }

    public void setColor(String color) {
        this.color = color;
    }

    @Override
    public String toString() {
        return "Sheep{" +
                "name='" + name + '\'' +
                ", age=" + age +
                ", color='" + color + '\'' +
                ", address='" + address + '\'' +
                '}';
    }

    //克隆该实例,使用默认的clone方法来完成
    @Override
    protected Object clone() {
        Sheep sheep = null;
        try {
            sheep = (Sheep)super.clone();
        } catch (Exception e) {
            System.out.println(e.getMessage());
        }
        return sheep;
    }
}
复制代码
复制代码
public class Client {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        System.out.println("原型模式完成对象的创建");
        Sheep sheep = new Sheep("tom", 1, "白色");

        sheep.friend = new Sheep("jack", 2, "黑色");

        Sheep sheep1 = (Sheep) sheep.clone();
        Sheep sheep2 = (Sheep) sheep.clone();
        Sheep sheep3 = (Sheep) sheep.clone();
        Sheep sheep4 = (Sheep) sheep.clone();

        System.out.println("sheep1 = "+sheep1 + "sheep1.friend="+sheep1.friend.hashCode());
        System.out.println("sheep2 = "+sheep2 + "sheep2.friend="+sheep2.friend.hashCode());
        System.out.println("sheep3 = "+sheep3 + "sheep3.friend="+sheep3.friend.hashCode());
        System.out.println("sheep4 = "+sheep4 + "sheep4.friend="+sheep4.friend.hashCode());
    }
}
复制代码

原型模式(深拷贝Java实现):

复制代码
import java.io.Serializable;

public class DeepCloneableTarget implements Serializable, Cloneable {

    /**
     *
     */
    private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;

    private String cloneName;

    private String cloneClass;

    //构造器
    public DeepCloneableTarget(String cloneName, String cloneClass) {
        this.cloneName = cloneName;
        this.cloneClass = cloneClass;
    }

    //因为该类的属性,都是String , 因此我们这里使用默认的clone完成即可
    @Override
    protected Object clone() throws CloneNotSupportedException {
        return super.clone();
    }
}
复制代码
复制代码
import java.io.*;

public class DeepProtoType implements Serializable, Cloneable{

    public String name; //String 属性
    public DeepCloneableTarget deepCloneableTarget;// 引用类型
    public DeepProtoType() {
        super();
    }


    //深拷贝 - 方式 1 使用clone 方法
    @Override
    protected Object clone() throws CloneNotSupportedException {

        Object deep = null;
        //这里完成对基本数据类型(属性)和String的克隆
        deep = super.clone();
        //对引用类型的属性,进行单独处理
        DeepProtoType deepProtoType = (DeepProtoType)deep;
        deepProtoType.deepCloneableTarget  = (DeepCloneableTarget)deepCloneableTarget.clone();

        return deepProtoType;
    }

    //深拷贝 - 方式2 通过对象的序列化实现 (推荐)
    public Object deepClone() {

        //创建流对象
        ByteArrayOutputStream bos = null;
        ObjectOutputStream oos = null;
        ByteArrayInputStream bis = null;
        ObjectInputStream ois = null;

        try {

            //序列化
            bos = new ByteArrayOutputStream();
            oos = new ObjectOutputStream(bos);
            oos.writeObject(this); //当前这个对象以对象流的方式输出

            //反序列化
            bis = new ByteArrayInputStream(bos.toByteArray());
            ois = new ObjectInputStream(bis);
            DeepProtoType copyObj = (DeepProtoType)ois.readObject();

            return copyObj;

        } catch (Exception e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
            return null;
        } finally {
            //关闭流
            try {
                bos.close();
                oos.close();
                bis.close();
                ois.close();
            } catch (Exception e2) {
                System.out.println(e2.getMessage());
            }
        }

    }

}
复制代码
复制代码
public class Client {

    public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
        DeepProtoType p = new DeepProtoType();
        p.name = "宋江";
        p.deepCloneableTarget = new DeepCloneableTarget("大牛", "小牛");

        //方式1 完成深拷贝

//        DeepProtoType p2 = (DeepProtoType) p.clone();
//
//        System.out.println("p.name=" + p.name + "p.deepCloneableTarget=" + p.deepCloneableTarget.hashCode());
//        System.out.println("p2.name=" + p.name + "p2.deepCloneableTarget=" + p2.deepCloneableTarget.hashCode());

        //方式2 完成深拷贝
        DeepProtoType p2 = (DeepProtoType) p.deepClone();

        System.out.println("p.name=" + p.name + "p.deepCloneableTarget=" + p.deepCloneableTarget.hashCode());
        System.out.println("p2.name=" + p.name + "p2.deepCloneableTarget=" + p2.deepCloneableTarget.hashCode());

    }

}
复制代码

三、原型模式在Spring框架中源码分析


四、深入讨论-浅拷贝和深拷贝

 

 

 

 五、原型模式的注意事项和细节

 

posted @   狂热搬砖家  阅读(38)  评论(0编辑  收藏  举报
编辑推荐:
· 没有源码,如何修改代码逻辑?
· 一个奇形怪状的面试题:Bean中的CHM要不要加volatile?
· [.NET]调用本地 Deepseek 模型
· 一个费力不讨好的项目,让我损失了近一半的绩效!
· .NET Core 托管堆内存泄露/CPU异常的常见思路
阅读排行:
· 微软正式发布.NET 10 Preview 1:开启下一代开发框架新篇章
· C# 集成 DeepSeek 模型实现 AI 私有化(本地部署与 API 调用教程)
· DeepSeek R1 简明指南:架构、训练、本地部署及硬件要求
· 没有源码,如何修改代码逻辑?
· NetPad:一个.NET开源、跨平台的C#编辑器
点击右上角即可分享
微信分享提示