ListView高级用法
2010-12-13 20:38 RayLee 阅读(3574) 评论(0) 编辑 收藏 举报ListView基本用法一文介绍了如何操作数据。本文将重点说明如何更丰富的显示这些数据。上文提到,ListAdapter封装了数据的显示,它为ListView和数据本身之间建起了桥梁。查看SDK文档,ListAdapter定义为接口,实现该接口的类有BaseAdapter,ArrayAdapter<T>,SimpleCursorAdapter等等。
ArrayAdapter<T>
ArrayAdapter是最常用的一种适配器。其中的每个数据项最常用的显示布局为android.R.layout.simple_list_item_1。查看源码,你发现它仅仅是一个TextView。
simple_list_item_1.xml
<TextView xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android" android:id="@android:id/text1" android:layout_width="fill_parent" android:layout_height="wrap_content" android:textAppearance="?android:attr/textAppearanceLarge" android:gravity="center_vertical" android:paddingLeft="6dip" android:minHeight="?android:attr/listPreferredItemHeight" />
Android系统同时定义了android.R.layout_simple_list_item_2。
simple_list_item_2.xml
<TwoLineListItem xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android" android:paddingTop="2dip" android:paddingBottom="2dip" android:layout_width="fill_parent" android:layout_height="wrap_content" android:minHeight="?android:attr/listPreferredItemHeight" android:mode="twoLine" > <TextView android:id="@android:id/text1" android:layout_width="fill_parent" android:layout_height="wrap_content" android:layout_marginLeft="6dip" android:layout_marginTop="6dip" android:textAppearance="?android:attr/textAppearanceLarge" /> <TextView android:id="@android:id/text2" android:layout_width="fill_parent" android:layout_height="wrap_content" android:layout_below="@android:id/text1" android:layout_alignLeft="@android:id/text1" android:textAppearance="?android:attr/textAppearanceSmall" /> </TwoLineListItem>
那么如何将它和ArrayAdapter结合起来使用?下面用例子说明:
首先定义UI:
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?> <LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android" android:orientation="vertical" android:layout_width="fill_parent" android:layout_height="fill_parent" > <Button android:layout_width="wrap_content" android:layout_height="wrap_content" android:text="Add" android:id="@+id/btnAdd" /> <ListView android:layout_width="fill_parent" android:layout_height="fill_parent" android:id="@+id/list" /> </LinearLayout>
然后是Activity的实现:
public class MainActivity extends Activity { String[] items = { "One", "Two", "Three" }; /** Called when the activity is first created. */ @Override public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) { super.onCreate(savedInstanceState); setContentView(R.layout.main); ListView list = (ListView) findViewById(R.id.list); ArrayAdapter<String> adapter = new ArrayAdapter<String>(this, android.R.layout.simple_list_item_2, android.R.id.text1, items); list.setAdapter(adapter); } }
得出的效果图:
simple_list_item_2还包含一个id为text2的TextView,如何让它也显示数据?上面这种方法似乎无能为力,那么就要通过重写的方式来实现。
例如要显示学生信息,text1显示学生姓名,text2显示学生年龄。首先封装一个Student类。
class Student { String name; int age; public Student(String name, int age) { this.name = name; this.age = age; } }
下一步就是要自定义一个StudentAdapter
class StudentAdapter extends ArrayAdapter<Student> { LayoutInflater inflator; public StudentAdapter(Context context) { super(context, 0); inflator = LayoutInflater.from(context); } @Override public View getView(int position, View convertView, ViewGroup parent) { if (convertView == null) { convertView = inflator.inflate(android.R.layout.simple_list_item_2, parent, false); } TextView text1 = (TextView)convertView.findViewById(android.R.id.text1); TextView text2 = (TextView)convertView.findViewById(android.R.id.text2); Student s = this.getItem(position); text1.setText(s.name); text2.setText("" + s.age); return convertView; } }
整个Activity的实现:
public class MainActivity extends Activity { /** Called when the activity is first created. */ @Override public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) { super.onCreate(savedInstanceState); setContentView(R.layout.main); ListView list = (ListView) findViewById(R.id.list); StudentAdapter adapter = new StudentAdapter(this); adapter.add(new Student("A", 20)); adapter.add(new Student("B", 21)); list.setAdapter(adapter); } class StudentAdapter extends ArrayAdapter<Student> { LayoutInflater inflator; public StudentAdapter(Context context) { super(context, 0); inflator = LayoutInflater.from(context); } @Override public View getView(int position, View convertView, ViewGroup parent) { if (convertView == null) { convertView = inflator.inflate( android.R.layout.simple_list_item_2, parent, false); } TextView text1 = (TextView) convertView .findViewById(android.R.id.text1); TextView text2 = (TextView) convertView .findViewById(android.R.id.text2); Student s = this.getItem(position); text1.setText(s.name); text2.setText("" + s.age); return convertView; } } class Student { String name; int age; public Student(String name, int age) { this.name = name; this.age = age; } } }
需要重写的最重要的一个方法是getView(),它控制数据的显示方式。
总结
综上所述,你可以自定义ListView中每一行数据项需要的布局,如果只显示文本,指定一个TextView控件即可。如
ArrayAdapter<String> adapter = new ArrayAdapter<String>(this, android.R.layout.simple_list_item_2, android.R.id.text1, items);
如果要显示的更丰富,除了自定义布局,还要重写getView()控制显示。