SQL 错误: ORA-65096: 公用用户名或角色名无效 65096. 00000 - "invalid common user or role name" *Cause: An attempt was made to create a common user or role with a name

在Oracle SQL Developer中，试图创建RD用户时，出现了如下的错误：

在行: 6 上开始执行命令时出错 -
create user RD identified by 508
错误报告 -
SQL 错误: ORA-65096: 公用用户名或角色名无效
65096. 00000 -  "invalid common user or role name"
*Cause:    An attempt was made to create a common user or role with a name
           that was not valid for common users or roles.  In addition to
           the usual rules for user and role names, common user and role
           names must start with C## or c## and consist only of ASCII
           characters.
*Action:   Specify a valid common user or role name.

解决办法：

　　在执行下列命令之后，再执行你需要的操作：

　　　　SQL>show con_name;

　　　　SQL> select con_id,dbid,NAME,OPEN_MODE from v$pdbs;

　　　　SQL> alter session set container=ORCLE;

　　　　SQL> startup

Microsoft Windows [版本 10.0.17763.864]
(c) 2018 Microsoft Corporation。保留所有权利。

C:\Users\Raodi>sqlplus sys as sysdba

SQL*Plus: Release 12.2.0.1.0 Production on 星期一 11月 18 09:25:49 2019

Copyright (c) 1982, 2016, Oracle.  All rights reserved.

输入口令:

连接到:
Oracle Database 12c Enterprise Edition Release 12.2.0.1.0 - 64bit Production

SQL> show con_name;

CON_NAME
------------------------------
CDB$ROOT
SQL> select con_id,dbid,NAME,OPEN_MODE from v$pdbs;

    CON_ID       DBID
---------- ----------
NAME
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
OPEN_MODE
--------------------
         2 1662417127
PDB$SEED
READ ONLY

         3 1853089480
ORCLE
MOUNTED

    CON_ID       DBID
---------- ----------
NAME
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
OPEN_MODE
--------------------


SQL> alter session set container=ORCLE;

会话已更改。

SQL> create user RD identifed by 123456;
create user RD identifed by 123456
               *
第 1 行出现错误:
ORA-00922: 选项缺失或无效


SQL> create user RD identified by 508;
create user RD identified by 508
*
第 1 行出现错误:
ORA-01109: 数据库未打开


SQL> startup
插接式数据库已打开。
SQL> create user RD identified by 508;

用户已创建。

SQL> grant create session ,dba,resource to RD;

授权成功。

SQL> Grant UNDER ANY TYPE to RD;

授权成功。

SQL>

其中container的内容，建议不要使用OPEN_MODE是READ ONLY的，不然相当于只进行了默认的操作。同时，alter session set container的方式只是局部范围中能用，比如此次cmd的界面中，如果切换回Oracle SQL Developer中，是不起效果的，如下举一个例子：创建一个不带C##开头的用户stest，效果是这样的，说明刚才在cmd中的操作暂时没有在