Python操作MySQL

一、MySQL基本操作

 1、设置root密码/修改root密码

  方法一:用mysqladmin  

      mysqladmin -u root password "newpass"

      mysqladmin -u root password oldpass "newpass"

  方法二: 用set password命令(也可以用于修改密码)

      mysql -u root

      mysql> SET PASSWORD FOR 'root'@'localhost' = PASSWORD('newpass');

      mysql> FLUSH PRIVILEGES;

  方法三:用update直接编辑user表(也可以用于修改密码)   

  mysql -u root

  mysql> UPDATE mysql.user SET Password = PASSWORD('newpass') WHERE user = 'root';

  mysql> FLUSH PRIVILEGES;

 2、破解root密码

  mysqld_safe --user=mysql --skip-grant-tables --skip-networking &

  mysql> UPDATE mysql.user SET password=PASSWORD("newpass") WHERE user='root';

  mysql> FLUSH PRIVILEGES;

 3、增删改查 

mysql> show databases;                        # 查看所有数据库
mysql> create database s12day9 charset 'utf8';    # 创建名为s12day9的数据库,并设置字符编码为utf8 
mysql> use s12day9;                    # 切换到s12day9数据库
mysql> create table students               # 创建students表,主键为id,不能为空 -> ( -> id int not null auto_increment primary key, -> name char(32) not null, -> sex char(20) not null, -> age tinyint unsigned not null, -> tel char(13) null default "-" -> ); mysql> desc students;                  # 查看students表结构 mysql> show create table students;           # 查看表详细结构语句 mysql> insert into students(name,sex,age,tel) values('alex','boy',18,'151515151');   # 插入一条数据 mysql> insert into students(name,sex,age,tel) values('flash','man',26,'156515151'); mysql> insert into students(name,sex,age,tel) values('tony','man',40,'196515151'); mysql> select * from students where age> 20;                # 查询students表中年龄大于20的数据记录 mysql> select * from students where age > 26 and sex = 'man';       mysql> select * from students where age like '2%';             mysql> select name,sex from students where age like '2%'; mysql> update students set age = 26 where name='alex';          # 更新students表中alex年龄为26           mysql> select * from students where age like '2%'; mysql> update students set age = 26;                     # 设置所有人的年龄都是26 mysql> delete from students where name='tony';               # 删除名称为tony的数据记录 mysql> alter table students add column nal char(64);           # 添加一条nal字段

 

二、Python2操作MySQL

  Python2中操作MySQL一般使用MySQLdb模块,MySQLdb貌似不支持Python3,所以下面的所有代码均在Python2中实现。

  在CentOS系统中可以通过yum安装mysql-python获取MySQLdb模块,也可以通过pip安装umysqldb获得MySQLdb。

    a)  yum install mysql-python   直接导入  import MySQLdb  即可

    b)  pip install umysqldb    

      >>> import umysqldb

      >>> umysqldb.install_as_MySQLdb()

      >>> import MySQLdb

  1、插入数据

#!/usr/bin/env python2
# encoding:utf-8

import MySQLdb

conn = MySQLdb.connect(host='127.0.0.1',user='root',passwd='123,.abc',db='s12day9')

cur = conn.cursor()

reCount = cur.execute('insert into students(id,name,sex,age,tel,nal) values(%s,%s,%s,%s,%s,%s)',(4,'eric','oldboy','40','159595959','1
234'))

conn.commit()

cur.close()
conn.close()

print reCount

  批量插入数据

 1 #!/usr/bin/env python2
 2 # encoding:utf-8
 3 
 4 import umysqldb
 5 umysqldb.install_as_MySQLdb()
 6 import MySQLdb
 7 
 8 conn = MySQLdb.connect(host='127.0.0.1',user='root',passwd='123,.abc',db='s12day9')
 9 
10 cur = conn.cursor()
11 
12 li = [
13     (15,'Rambo','superman','18','18995959595','9527'),
14     (16,'Rambo','superman','18','18995959595','9527'),
15     (17,'Rambo','superman','18','18995959595','9527'),
16 ]
17 reCount = cur.executemany('insert into students(id,name,sex,age,tel,nal) values(%s,%s,%s,%s,%s,%s)',li)
18 
19 conn.commit()
20 
21 cur.close()
22 conn.close()
23 
24 print reCount
View Code

  2、查询数据

    fetchone

#!/usr/bin/env python
# encoding:utf-8

import MySQLdb
  
conn = MySQLdb.connect(host='127.0.0.1',user='root',passwd='123,.abc',db='s12day9')
cur = conn.cursor() 
  
reCount = cur.execute('select * from students') 
  
print cur.fetchone()       # 打印第1条数据     
print cur.fetchone()       # 打印第2条数据    
cur.scroll(-1,mode='relative')       # 将游标设置为相对位置,相对向上移1
print cur.fetchone()                     # 打印的是第2条数据
print cur.fetchone()                     # 打印第3条数据
cur.scroll(0,mode='absolute')      # 将游标设置为绝对位置,刻度为0
print cur.fetchone()                     # 打印第1条数据
print cur.fetchone()                     # 打印第2条数据
  
cur.close() 
conn.close() 

    fetchall

import MySQLdb

conn = MySQLdb.connect(host='127.0.0.1',user='root',passwd='123,.abc',db='s12day9')
cur = conn.cursor() 

reCount = cur.execute('select name,age from students')

nRet = cur.fetchall()

cur.close()
conn.close()

print nRet
for i in nRet:
    print i[0],i[1] 

  3、修改数据

import MySQLdb

conn = MySQLdb.connect(host='127.0.0.1',user='root',passwd='123,.abc',db='s12day9')

cur = conn.cursor()

#reCount = cur.execute('update students set name = %s',('alin',)) 
reCount = cur.execute('update students set name = %s where id > 10',('Rambo',))

conn.commit()
cur.close()
conn.close()

print reCount

  4、删除数据

import MySQLdb

conn = MySQLdb.connect(host='127.0.0.1',user='root',passwd='123,.abc',db='s12day9')

cur = conn.cursor()

reCount = cur.execute('delete from students where name = %s',('alin',))

conn.commit()

cur.close()
conn.close()

print reCount

  

 三、Python3操作MySQL

  1、安装mysql-connector

    pip install --egg  mysql-connector

    如果不加 --egg选项,会报如下错误:  

    error: option --single-version-externally-managed not recognized

 

  2、连接到MySQL服务器的s12day9数据库   

# 导入MySQL驱动:
>>> import mysql.connector
# 注意把password设为你的root口令:
>>> conn = mysql.connector.connect(user='root', password='123,.abc', database='s12day9')
>>> cursor = conn.cursor()
# 创建user表:
>>> cursor.execute('create table user (id varchar(20) primary key, name varchar(20))')
# 插入一行记录,注意MySQL的占位符是%s:
>>> cursor.execute('insert into user (id, name) values (%s, %s)', ['1', 'Michael'])
>>> cursor.rowcount
1
# 提交事务:
>>> conn.commit()
>>> cursor.close()
True

# 运行查询:
>>> cursor = conn.cursor()
>>> cursor.execute('select * from user where id = %s', ('1',))
>>> values = cursor.fetchall()
>>> values
[('1', 'Michael')]
# 关闭Cursor和Connection:
>>> cursor.close()
True
>>> conn.close()  
 1 #!/usr/bin/env python3
 2 # -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
 3 
 4 import mysql.connector
 5 
 6 # change root password to yours:
 7 conn = mysql.connector.connect(user='root', password='123,.abc', database='s12day9')
 8 
 9 cursor = conn.cursor()
10 # 创建user表:
11 cursor.execute('create table user (id varchar(20) primary key, name varchar(20))')
12 # 插入一行记录,注意MySQL的占位符是%s:
13 cursor.execute('insert into user (id, name) values (%s, %s)', ('1', 'Michael'))
14 print('rowcount =', cursor.rowcount)
15 # 提交事务:
16 conn.commit()
17 cursor.close()
18 
19 # 运行查询:
20 cursor = conn.cursor()
21 cursor.execute('select * from user where id = %s', ('1',))
22 values = cursor.fetchall()
23 print(values)
24 # 关闭Cursor和Connection:
25 cursor.close()
26 conn.close()

 

  MySQL的SQL占位符是%s。

 

posted @ 2016-06-10 00:36  Rambotien  阅读(572)  评论(0编辑  收藏  举报