Oracle数据库命令速查手册-BACKUP and RECOVERY

1. v$sga,v$instance,v$process,v$bgprocess,v$database,v$datafile,v$sgastat 
2. Rman need set dbwr_IO_slaves or backup_tape_IO_slaves and large_pool_size
3. Monitoring Parallel Rollback 
> v$fast_start_servers , v$fast_start_transactions 
4.perform a closed database backup (noarchivelog) 
> shutdown immediate 
> cp files /backup/ 
> startup 
5.restore to a different location 
> connect system/manager as sysdba 
> startup mount 
> alter database rename file '/disk1/../user.dbf' to '/disk2/../user.dbf'; 
> alter database open; 
6.recover syntax 
--recover a mounted database 
>recover database; 
>recover datafile '/disk1/data/df2.dbf'; 
>alter database recover database; 
--recover an opened database 
>recover tablespace user_data; 
>recover datafile 2; 
>alter database recover datafile 2; 
7.how to apply redo log files automatically 
>set autorecovery on 
>recover automatic datafile 4; 
8.complete recovery: 
--method 1(mounted databae) 
>copy c:\backup\user.dbf c:\oradata\user.dbf 
>startup mount 
>recover datafile 'c:\oradata\user.dbf; 
>alter database open; 
--method 2(opened database,initially opened,not system or rollback datafile) 
>copy c:\backup\user.dbf c:\oradata\user.dbf (alter tablespace offline) 
>recover datafile 'c:\oradata\user.dbf' or 
>recover tablespace user_data; 
>alter database datafile 'c:\oradata\user.dbf' online or 
>alter tablespace user_data online; 
--method 3(opened database,initially closed not system or rollback datafile) 
>startup mount 
>alter database datafile 'c:\oradata\user.dbf' offline; 
>alter database open 
>copy c:\backup\user.dbf d:\oradata\user.dbf 
>alter database rename file 'c:\oradata\user.dbf' to 'd:\oradata\user.dbf' 
>recover datafile 'e:\oradata\user.dbf' or recover tablespace user_data; 
>alter tablespace user_data online; 
--method 4(loss of data file with no backup and have all archive log) 
>alter tablespace user_data offline immediate; 
>alter database create datafile 'd:\oradata\user.dbf' as 'c:\oradata\user.dbf''
>recover tablespace user_data; 
>alter tablespace user_data online 
5.perform an open database backup 
> alter tablespace user_data begin backup; 
> copy files /backup/ 
> alter database datafile '/c:/../data.dbf' end backup; 
> alter system switch logfile; 
6.backup a control file 
> alter database backup controlfile to 'control1.bkp'; 
> alter database backup controlfile to trace; 
7.recovery (noarchivelog mode) 
> shutdown abort 
> cp files 
> startup 
8.recovery of file in backup mode 
>alter database datafile 2 end backup; 
9.clearing redo log file 
>alter database clear unarchived logfile group 1; 
>alter database clear unarchived logfile group 1 unrecoverable datafile; 
10.redo log recovery 
>alter database add logfile group 3 'c:\oradata\redo03.log' size 1000k; 
>alter database drop logfile group 1; 
>alter database open; 
or >cp c:\oradata\redo02.log' c:\oradata\redo01.log 
>alter database clear logfile 'c:\oradata\log01.log';