C#常用IO操作
文件夹
创建文件夹
//如果文件夹路径不存在则创建文件夹
if (!Directory.Exists(path))
Directory.CreateDirectory(path);
递归创建文件夹
public void createdir(string fullpath)
{
if (!File.Exists(fullpath))
{
string dirpath = fullpath.Substring(0, fullpath.LastIndexOf('\\'));
//string[] pathes = dirpath.Split('\\');
string[] pathes = fullpath.Split('\\');
if (pathes.Length > 1)
{
string path = pathes[0];
for (int i = 1; i < pathes.Length; i++)
{
path += "\\" + pathes[i];
//如果文件夹路径不存在则创建文件夹
if (!Directory.Exists(path))
Directory.CreateDirectory(path);
}
}
}
}
删除整个文件夹
Directory.Delete(path, true)
获取当前目录的上级目录
DirectoryInfo directory = Directory.GetParent(path);
处理文件/文件夹特殊字符
System.Text.RegularExpressions.Regex.Replace(name, "[\\/:*?\"<>|]", "");
获取目录下的文件(夹)
var list = new string[] { };
string path = @"F:\Download";
//获取路径下所有文件
list = Directory.GetFiles(path);
//获取路径下所有文件夹
list = Directory.GetDirectories(path);
//获取路径下所有文件+文件夹
list = Directory.GetFileSystemEntries(path);
//获取路径下所有Log文件（包含子集文件）
list = Directory.GetFiles(path, "*.log", SearchOption.AllDirectories);
//获取路径下所有Log和Txt文件（包含子集文件）
list = new[] { "*.log", "*.txt" }.SelectMany(f => Directory.GetFiles(path, f, SearchOption.AllDirectories)).ToArray();
//获取路径下所有文件夹（包含子集文件夹）
list = Directory.GetDirectories(path, "*.*", SearchOption.AllDirectories);
//获取路径下所有文件（包含子集文件）
list = Directory.GetFiles(path, "*.*", SearchOption.AllDirectories);
//获取路径下所有文件+文件夹（包含子集文件+子集文件夹）
list = Directory.GetFileSystemEntries(path, "*.*", SearchOption.AllDirectories);
文件夹拷贝
private static void DirectoryCopy(string sourceDirName, string destDirName)
{
DirectoryInfo dir = new DirectoryInfo(sourceDirName);
DirectoryInfo[] dirs = dir.GetDirectories();
if (!Directory.Exists(destDirName))
Directory.CreateDirectory(destDirName);
foreach (FileInfo file in dir.GetFiles())
file.CopyTo(Path.Combine(destDirName, file.Name), true);
foreach (DirectoryInfo subdir in dirs)
DirectoryCopy(subdir.FullName, Path.Combine(destDirName, subdir.Name));
}
或者使用Neget安装 Microsoft.VisualBasic包
string sourcePath = @"D:\test";
string targetPath = @"D:\test_new";
//true：目录中具有相同的文件则覆盖
Microsoft.VisualBasic.FileIO.FileSystem.CopyDirectory(sourcePath, targetPath,true);
文件
获取文件信息
string filePath = "C:\\Users\\username\\Documents\\example.txt";
FileInfo fileInfo = new FileInfo(filePath);
Console.WriteLine("文件名称：" + fileInfo.Name);
Console.WriteLine("文件全路径：" + fileInfo.FullName);
Console.WriteLine("文件大小（字节）：" + fileInfo.Length);
Console.WriteLine("文件创建时间：" + fileInfo.CreationTime);
Console.WriteLine("文件最后修改时间：" + fileInfo.LastWriteTime);
获取文件全路径、目录、扩展名、文件名称
class Program
{
static void Main(string[] args)
{
//获取当前运行程序的目录
string fileDir = Environment.CurrentDirectory;
Console.WriteLine("当前程序目录："+fileDir);
//一个文件目录
string filePath = "C:\\JiYF\\BenXH\\BenXHCMS.xml";
Console.WriteLine("该文件的目录："+filePath);
string str = "获取文件的全路径：" + Path.GetFullPath(filePath); //-->C:\JiYF\BenXH\BenXHCMS.xml
Console.WriteLine(str);
str = "获取文件所在的目录：" + Path.GetDirectoryName(filePath); //-->C:\JiYF\BenXH
Console.WriteLine(str);
str = "获取文件的名称含有后缀：" + Path.GetFileName(filePath); //-->BenXHCMS.xml
Console.WriteLine(str);
str = "获取文件的名称没有后缀：" + Path.GetFileNameWithoutExtension(filePath); //-->BenXHCMS
Console.WriteLine(str);
str = "获取路径的后缀扩展名称：" + Path.GetExtension(filePath); //-->.xml
Console.WriteLine(str);
str = "获取路径的根目录：" + Path.GetPathRoot(filePath); //-->C:\
Console.WriteLine(str);
Console.ReadKey();
}
}
创建文件
//path是完整路径，要包含文件的后缀名
string path = @"C:\1.txt";
//判断文件是否存在，不存在就创建
if (!File.Exists(path))
{
//创建一个 UTF-8 编码text文件
File.CreateText(path);
//创建一个文件
//File.Create(path);
}
写入文本文件
using System.IO;
namespace ConsoleApp2
{
class Program
{
static void Main(string[] args)
{
//写入文本，不是追加，是清空在写入
string path = @"C:\1.txt";
string[] lines = { "First line", "Second line"};
File.WriteAllLines(path, lines);
File.WriteAllText(path, "AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA");
//追加写入文本
using (StreamWriter sw = new StreamWriter(path, true))
{
sw.WriteLine("Fourth line");
}
using (StreamWriter sw = File.AppendText(path))
{
sw.Write(12345);
}
}
}
}
文件流读写
using var stream = File.OpenRead("path");
byte[] bytes = System.IO.File.ReadAllBytes("path");
File.WriteAllBytes("path", File.ReadAllBytes("path"));
方法
public Stream FileToStream(string fileFullName)
{
using (FileStream fs = new FileStream(fileFullName, FileMode.OpenOrCreate))
{
byte[] bytes = new byte[fs.Length];
fs.Read(bytes, 0, bytes.Length);
return new MemoryStream(bytes);
}
}
public void WriteFile(string fileFullName, byte[] bytes)
{
if (bytes == null)
return;
using (FileStream fs = new FileStream(fileFullName, FileMode.OpenOrCreate))
{
fs.Write(bytes, 0, bytes.Length);
}
// 第二种
using (MemoryStream m = new MemoryStream(bytes))
using (FileStream fs = new FileStream(fileFullName, FileMode.OpenOrCreate))
{
m.WriteTo(fs);
}
}
获取包含该字符串所有文件路径
public List<string> GetFilebySeachFile(string path, string str)
{
return Directory.GetFiles(path, "*.*", SearchOption.AllDirectories).Where(filePath => File.ReadAllText(filePath).Contains(str)).ToList();
}
Stream流
Stream 和 byte[] 互转
/// <summary>
/// 将 Stream 转成 byte[]
/// </summary>
/// <param name="bytes"></param>
/// <returns></returns>
public byte[] StreamToBytes(Stream stream)
{
if (stream is MemoryStream)
{
return ((MemoryStream)stream).ToArray();
}
using MemoryStream ms = new MemoryStream();
stream.CopyTo(ms);
return ms.ToArray();
}
/// <summary>
/// 将 byte[] 转成 Stream
/// </summary>
/// <param name="bytes"></param>
/// <returns></returns>
public Stream BytesToStream(byte[] bytes)
{
return new MemoryStream(bytes);
}
byte[] 和String互转
var stringObject = System.Text.Encoding.UTF8.GetString(byte[]);
var bytesObject = System.Text.Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes(stringObject);
