CVE-2021-35042 Django order_by SQL注入 漏洞复现和分析
0 简介
在特定限制条件下,Django的order_by方法会导致SQL注入
-
影响版本:
3.1.x < 3.1.13, 3.2.x < 3.2.5
-
条件:
Debug=True
- 接口使用
order_by
方法
-
复现/分析环境:
python 3.8.1
Django 3.2.4
MySQL 5.7.26
1 漏洞复现
当order_by
的传入参数中包含.
时,可进行SQL注入,但需要正确的列名,可以通过猜测id, _id
或输入错误的列名,从报错信息中得到列名
如果传入错误的列名,会因为列明不存在而产生Exception
退出,进入不到执行SQL注入语句的部分
利用updatexml
,.id);select%20updatexml(1,%20concat(0x7e,(select%20database())),1)%23
即可进行报错注入
2 漏洞分析
Demo
# views.py 省略import
def vul(request):
query = request.GET.get('order', default='id')
q = Collection.objects.order_by(query)
return HttpResponse(q.values())
# models.py view.py中调用的Collection定义
from django.db import models
class Collection(models.Model):
name = models.CharField(max_length=128)
传入poc,打断点调试:
- 先经过初始化,创建了
QuerySet
实例,(db
:数据库,model
:模型,ordered
:是否已排序,query
:sql语句) - 进入
django.db.models.query line 1143 QuerySet.order_by
方法,obj
是self
复制得到的对象
-
跟进
line 1149 add_ordering(poc)
->line 1960 add_ordering()
-
传入的poc为字符串,且其中包含
.
,所以直接continue
跳出for循环(传入的order_by
参数只有一个,for循环只有一次),没有进入到names_to_path
方法,之后执行self.order_by += ordering
参数ordering是我们传入的poc
此时的SQL语句是
SELECT
vuln_collection.
id,
vuln_collection.
nameFROM
vuln_collectionORDER BY (``.id);select updatexml(1, concat(0x7e,(select database())),1)#) ASC
,因为这里的QuerySet._query
是sql.Query
实例化对象,会根据参数自动更新SQL语句
def add_ordering(self, *ordering):
errors = []
for item in ordering:
if isinstance(item, str):
if '.' in item:
warnings.warn(
'Passing column raw column aliases to order_by() is '
'deprecated. Wrap %r in a RawSQL expression before '
'passing it to order_by().' % item,
category=RemovedInDjango40Warning,
stacklevel=3,
)
continue
if item == '?':
continue
if item.startswith('-'):
item = item[1:]
if item in self.annotations:
continue
if self.extra and item in self.extra:
continue
# names_to_path() validates the lookup. A descriptive
# FieldError will be raise if it's not.
self.names_to_path(item.split(LOOKUP_SEP), self.model._meta)
elif not hasattr(item, 'resolve_expression'):
errors.append(item)
if getattr(item, 'contains_aggregate', False):
raise FieldError(
'Using an aggregate in order_by() without also including '
'it in annotate() is not allowed: %s' % item
)
if errors:
raise FieldError('Invalid order_by arguments: %s' % errors)
if ordering:
self.order_by += ordering
else:
self.default_ordering = False
漏洞成因就是上面代码第13行的continue
,修复方法也很简单,去掉continue
,确保每一个参数进入到names_to_path
即可
names_to_path
为参数合理性检验的方法,对order_by
传入的列名进行检验,以下为部分代码
- 对于
order_by
传入的每一个参数,通过model
模型获取对应字段,如果字段不存在,且不是注释字段,不是_filtered_relations
(可用于join连接),则会报错,并返回可选字段
def names_to_path(self, names, opts, allow_many=True, fail_on_missing=False):
path, names_with_path = [], []
for pos, name in enumerate(names):
cur_names_with_path = (name, [])
if name == 'pk':
name = opts.pk.name
field = None
filtered_relation = None
try:
field = opts.get_field(name)
except FieldDoesNotExist:
if name in self.annotation_select:
field = self.annotation_select[name].output_field
elif name in self._filtered_relations and pos == 0:
filtered_relation = self._filtered_relations[name]
if LOOKUP_SEP in filtered_relation.relation_name:
parts = filtered_relation.relation_name.split(LOOKUP_SEP)
filtered_relation_path, field, _, _ = self.names_to_path(
parts, opts, allow_many, fail_on_missing,
)
path.extend(filtered_relation_path[:-1])
else:
field = opts.get_field(filtered_relation.relation_name)
if field is not None:
if field.is_relation and not field.related_model:
raise FieldError(
"Field %r does not generate an automatic reverse "
"relation and therefore cannot be used for reverse "
"querying. If it is a GenericForeignKey, consider "
"adding a GenericRelation." % name
)
try:
model = field.model._meta.concrete_model
except AttributeError:
model = None
else:
pos -= 1
if pos == -1 or fail_on_missing:
available = sorted([
*get_field_names_from_opts(opts),
*self.annotation_select,
*self._filtered_relations,
])
raise FieldError("Cannot resolve keyword '%s' into field. "
"Choices are: %s" % (name, ", ".join(available)))
break
以下部分为后续代码执行过程,与漏洞成因无关
- 返回到
order_by
方法,完成obj对象的封装并返回 (上层还有manager_method()
方法,通过反射来调用对应函数,直接略过了)
- 执行完
q = Collection.objects.order_by(query)
即完成了QuerySet
对象的封装,之后的q.values()
才会执行SQL语句 - 继续跟进
django.db.models.query valuese()方法
,可以看到fields
和expressions
都为空self_values(*fields, **expressions)
又是一次对象拷贝
-
跟进
clone._iterable_class = ValuesIterable
-
该语句执行后,return clone,返回的是可迭代对象,本身并没有值,而且也并没有执行SQL语句,当获取可迭代对象的值时,才会执行
所以调试时,需要进入到HttpResponse的
self.content = content
时才会触发SQL注入 -
一直到
yield
语句,SQL语句执行
-
3 参考
- https://github.com/vulhub/vulhub/tree/master/django/CVE-2021-35042
- https://xz.aliyun.com/t/9834
- https://www.djangoproject.com/weblog/2021/jul/01/security-releases/
- https://www.freebuf.com/vuls/283262.html
- https://www.venustech.com.cn/new_type/aqtg/20210706/22850.html
- https://www.bugxss.com/vulnerability-report/3095.html
- https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2021-35042