python进阶9-发送邮件
我们在开发程序的时候,有时候需要开发一些自动化的任务,执行完之后,将结果自动的发送一份邮件,python发送邮件使用smtplib模块,是一个标准包,直接import导入使用即可,代码如下:
import smtplib
from email.mime.text import MIMEText
email_host = 'smtp.163.com' #邮箱地址
email_user = 'xxxx@163.com' # 发送者账号
email_pwd = 'xxxx' # 发送者密码
maillist ='1162704960@qq.com'
#收件人邮箱,多个账号的话,用逗号隔开
me = email_user
msg = MIMEText('邮件发送测试内容') # 邮件内容
msg['Subject'] = '邮件测试主题' # 邮件主题
msg['From'] = me # 发送者账号
msg['To'] = maillist # 接收者账号列表
smtp = smtplib.SMTP(email_host,port=25) # 连接邮箱,传入邮箱地址,和端口号,smtp的端口号是25
smtp.login(email_user, email_pwd) # 发送者的邮箱账号,密码
smtp.sendmail(me, maillist, msg.as_string())
# 参数分别是发送者,接收者,第三个是把上面的发送邮件的内容变成字符串
smtp.quit() # 发送完毕后退出smtp
print ('email send success.')
下面是发送带附件的邮件
import smtplib
from email.mime.text import MIMEText
from email.mime.multipart import MIMEMultipart
username='xxx@xx.com'
email_host = 'smtp.163.com'
passwd='123456'
recv='1162704960@qq.com,1162704960@qq.com'
title='邮件标题'
content='发送邮件测试'
msg = MIMEMultipart()
file='a.txt'
att = MIMEText(open(file,encoding='utf-8').read())
att["Content-Type"] = 'application/octet-stream'
att["Content-Disposition"] = 'attachment; filename="%s"'%file
msg.attach(att)
msg.attach(MIMEText(content))#邮件正文的内容
msg['Subject'] = title # 邮件主题
msg['From'] = username # 发送者账号
msg['To'] = recv # 接收者账号列表
#smtp = smtplib.SMTP_SSL(email_host,port=465)#qq邮箱
smtp = smtplib.SMTP_SSL(email_host,port=25)#其他邮箱
smtp.login(username,passwd)
smtp.sendmail(username,recv,msg.as_string())
smtp.quit()
当然,我们可以封装成一个函数,使用的时候,直接调用函数,传入邮箱账号密码,收件人,发件人,标题和内容即可。
import smtplib
from email.mime.text import MIMEText
def send_mail(username,passwd,recv,title,content,mail_host='smtp.163.com',port=25):
'''
发送邮件函数,默认使用163smtp
:param username: 邮箱账号 xx@163.com
:param passwd: 邮箱密码
:param recv: 邮箱接收人地址,多个账号以逗号隔开
:param title: 邮件标题
:param content: 邮件内容
:param mail_host: 邮箱服务器
:param port: 端口号
:return:
'''
msg = MIMEText(content) # 邮件内容
msg['Subject'] = title # 邮件主题
msg['From'] = username # 发送者账号
msg['To'] = recv # 接收者账号列表
smtp = smtplib.SMTP(mail_host,port=port) # 连接邮箱,传入邮箱地址,和端口号,smtp的端口号是25
smtp.login(username, passwd) # 发送者的邮箱账号,密码
smtp.sendmail(username, recv, msg.as_string())
# 参数分别是发送者,接收者,第三个是把上面的发送邮件的内容变成字符串
smtp.quit() # 发送完毕后退出smtp
print ('email send success.')
email_user </span>= <span style="color: rgba(128, 0, 0, 1)">'</span><span style="color: rgba(128, 0, 0, 1)">xxxx@163.com</span><span style="color: rgba(128, 0, 0, 1)">'</span> <span style="color: rgba(0, 128, 0, 1)">#</span><span style="color: rgba(0, 128, 0, 1)"> 发送者账号</span>
email_pwd = <span style="color: rgba(128, 0, 0, 1)">'</span><span style="color: rgba(128, 0, 0, 1)">xxxxx</span><span style="color: rgba(128, 0, 0, 1)">'</span> <span style="color: rgba(0, 128, 0, 1)">#</span><span style="color: rgba(0, 128, 0, 1)"> 发送者密码</span>
maillist =<span style="color: rgba(128, 0, 0, 1)">'</span><span style="color: rgba(128, 0, 0, 1)"><span style="font-size: 16px"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 1)"><span style="color: rgba(128, 0, 0, 1)">1162704960</span></span></span>@qq.com</span><span style="color: rgba(128, 0, 0, 1)">'</span><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 1)">
title </span>= <span style="color: rgba(128, 0, 0, 1)">'</span><span style="color: rgba(128, 0, 0, 1)">测试邮件标题</span><span style="color: rgba(128, 0, 0, 1)">'</span><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 1)">
content </span>= <span style="color: rgba(128, 0, 0, 1)">'</span><span style="color: rgba(128, 0, 0, 1)">这里是邮件内容</span><span style="color: rgba(128, 0, 0, 1)">'</span><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 1)">
send_mail(email_user,email_pwd,maillist,title,content)</span></span></pre>
完善版:
import smtplib,os
from email.mime.text import MIMEText
from email.mime.multipart import MIMEMultipart
import base64
class SendMail(object):
def __init__(self,username,passwd,recv,title,content,
file=None,ssl=False,
email_host='smtp.163.com',port=25,ssl_port=465):
'''
:param username: 用户名
:param passwd: 密码
:param recv: 收件人,多个要传list ['a@qq.com','b@qq.com]
:param title: 邮件标题
:param content: 邮件正文
:param file: 附件路径,如果不在当前目录下,要写绝对路径,默认没有附件
:param ssl: 是否安全链接,默认为普通
:param email_host: smtp服务器地址,默认为163服务器
:param port: 非安全链接端口,默认为25
:param ssl_port: 安全链接端口,默认为465
'''
self.username = username #用户名
self.passwd = passwd #密码
self.recv = recv #收件人,多个要传list ['a@qq.com','b@qq.com]
self.title = title #邮件标题
self.content = content #邮件正文
self.file = file #附件路径,如果不在当前目录下,要写绝对路径
self.email_host = email_host #smtp服务器地址
self.port = port #普通端口
self.ssl = ssl #是否安全链接
self.ssl_port = ssl_port #安全链接端口
def send_mail(self):
msg = MIMEMultipart()
#发送内容的对象
if self.file:#处理附件的
file_name = os.path.split(self.file)[-1]#只取文件名,不取路径
try:
f = open(self.file, 'rb').read()
except Exception as e:
raise Exception('附件打不开!!!!')
else:
att = MIMEText(f,"base64", "utf-8")
att["Content-Type"] = 'application/octet-stream'
#base64.b64encode(file_name.encode()).decode()
new_file_name='=?utf-8?b?' + base64.b64encode(file_name.encode()).decode() + '?='
#这里是处理文件名为中文名的,必须这么写
att["Content-Disposition"] = 'attachment; filename="%s"'%(new_file_name)
msg.attach(att)
msg.attach(MIMEText(self.content))#邮件正文的内容
msg['Subject'] = self.title # 邮件主题
msg['From'] = self.username # 发送者账号
msg['To'] = ','.join(self.recv) # 接收者账号列表
if self.ssl:
self.smtp = smtplib.SMTP_SSL(self.email_host,port=self.ssl_port)
else:
self.smtp = smtplib.SMTP(self.email_host,port=self.port)
#发送邮件服务器的对象
self.smtp.login(self.username,self.passwd)
try:
self.smtp.sendmail(self.username,self.recv,msg.as_string())
pass
except Exception as e:
print('出错了。。',e)
else:
print('发送成功!')
self.smtp.quit()
if name == 'main':
m = SendMail(
username='xxx@qq.com',
passwd='xxxx',
recv=['1162704960@qq.com','1162704960@qq.com'],
title='新鞋的发送邮件',
content='哈哈哈啊哈哈哈哈',
file=r'C:\Users\bjniuhanyang\Desktop\新建 Microsoft Office Excel 工作表.xlsx',ssl=True,
)
m.send_mail()
注:如果在发送邮件时报500错误,如下图:
这时,按照下面这个链接修改一下电脑DNS配置即可:
http://www.sohu.com/a/194137114_650589
转载自https://www.cnblogs.com/feng0815/p/7955084.html