elasticsearch之布尔查询

前言

布尔查询是最常用的组合查询，根据子查询的规则，只有当文档满足所有子查询条件时，elasticsearch引擎才将结果返回。布尔查询支持的子查询条件共4中

• must（and）
• should（or）
• must_not（not）
• filter

准备数据

PUT zhifou/doc/1
{
  "name":"顾老二",
  "age":30,
  "from": "gu",
  "desc": "皮肤黑、武器长、性格直",
  "tags": ["黑", "长", "直"]
}

PUT zhifou/doc/2
{
  "name":"大娘子",
  "age":18,
  "from":"sheng",
  "desc":"肤白貌美，娇憨可爱",
  "tags":["白", "富","美"]
}

PUT zhifou/doc/3
{
  "name":"龙套偏房",
  "age":22,
  "from":"gu",
  "desc":"mmp，没怎么看，不知道怎么形容",
  "tags":["造数据", "真","难"]
}


PUT zhifou/doc/4
{
  "name":"石头",
  "age":29,
  "from":"gu",
  "desc":"粗中有细，狐假虎威",
  "tags":["粗", "大","猛"]
}

PUT zhifou/doc/5
{
  "name":"魏行首",
  "age":25,
  "from":"广云台",
  "desc":"仿佛兮若轻云之蔽月,飘飘兮若流风之回雪,mmp，最后竟然没有嫁给顾老二！",
  "tags":["闭月","羞花"]
}

 

must（and）

用布尔查询所有from属性为gu的数据：

GET zhifou/doc/_search
{
  "query": {
    "bool": {
      "must": [
        {
          "match": {
            "from": "gu"
          }
        }
      ]
    }
  }
}

上例中，我们通过在bool属性（字段）内使用must来作为查询条件，那么条件是什么呢？条件同样被match包围，就是from为gu的所有数据。这里需要注意的是must字段对应的是个列表，也就是说可以有多个并列的查询条件，一个文档满足各个子条件后才最终返回。

结果

{
  "took" : 1,
  "timed_out" : false,
  "_shards" : {
    "total" : 5,
    "successful" : 5,
    "skipped" : 0,
    "failed" : 0
  },
  "hits" : {
    "total" : 3,
    "max_score" : 0.6931472,
    "hits" : [
      {
        "_index" : "zhifou",
        "_type" : "doc",
        "_id" : "4",
        "_score" : 0.6931472,
        "_source" : {
          "name" : "石头",
          "age" : 29,
          "from" : "gu",
          "desc" : "粗中有细，狐假虎威",
          "tags" : [
            "粗",
            "大",
            "猛"
          ]
        }
      },
      {
        "_index" : "zhifou",
        "_type" : "doc",
        "_id" : "1",
        "_score" : 0.2876821,
        "_source" : {
          "name" : "顾老二",
          "age" : 30,
          "from" : "gu",
          "desc" : "皮肤黑、武器长、性格直",
          "tags" : [
            "黑",
            "长",
            "直"
          ]
        }
      },
      {
        "_index" : "zhifou",
        "_type" : "doc",
        "_id" : "3",
        "_score" : 0.2876821,
        "_source" : {
          "name" : "龙套偏房",
          "age" : 22,
          "from" : "gu",
          "desc" : "mmp，没怎么看，不知道怎么形容",
          "tags" : [
            "造数据",
            "真",
            "难"
          ]
        }
      }
    ]
  }
}

查询from为gu，并且age为30的数据

GET zhifou/doc/_search
{
  "query": {
    "bool": {
      "must": [
        {
          "match": {
            "from": "gu"
          }
        },
        {
          "match": {
            "age": 30
          }
        }
      ]
    }
  }
}

 

注意：现在你可能慢慢发现一个现象，所有属性值为列表的，都可以实现多个条件并列存在

 

should（or）

查询只要是from为gu或者tags为闭月

GET zhifou/doc/_search
{
  "query": {
    "bool": {
      "should": [
        {
          "match": {
            "from": "gu"
          }
        },
        {
          "match": {
            "tags": "闭月"
          }
        }
      ]
    }
  }
}

或关系的不能用must的了，而是要用should，只要符合其中一个条件就返回。

结果

{
  "took" : 1,
  "timed_out" : false,
  "_shards" : {
    "total" : 5,
    "successful" : 5,
    "skipped" : 0,
    "failed" : 0
  },
  "hits" : {
    "total" : 4,
    "max_score" : 0.6931472,
    "hits" : [
      {
        "_index" : "zhifou",
        "_type" : "doc",
        "_id" : "4",
        "_score" : 0.6931472,
        "_source" : {
          "name" : "石头",
          "age" : 29,
          "from" : "gu",
          "desc" : "粗中有细，狐假虎威",
          "tags" : [
            "粗",
            "大",
            "猛"
          ]
        }
      },
      {
        "_index" : "zhifou",
        "_type" : "doc",
        "_id" : "5",
        "_score" : 0.5753642,
        "_source" : {
          "name" : "魏行首",
          "age" : 25,
          "from" : "广云台",
          "desc" : "仿佛兮若轻云之蔽月,飘飘兮若流风之回雪,mmp，最后竟然没有嫁给顾老二！",
          "tags" : [
            "闭月",
            "羞花"
          ]
        }
      },
      {
        "_index" : "zhifou",
        "_type" : "doc",
        "_id" : "1",
        "_score" : 0.2876821,
        "_source" : {
          "name" : "顾老二",
          "age" : 30,
          "from" : "gu",
          "desc" : "皮肤黑、武器长、性格直",
          "tags" : [
            "黑",
            "长",
            "直"
          ]
        }
      },
      {
        "_index" : "zhifou",
        "_type" : "doc",
        "_id" : "3",
        "_score" : 0.2876821,
        "_source" : {
          "name" : "龙套偏房",
          "age" : 22,
          "from" : "gu",
          "desc" : "mmp，没怎么看，不知道怎么形容",
          "tags" : [
            "造数据",
            "真",
            "难"
          ]
        }
      }
    ]
  }
}

返回了所有符合条件的结果

 

must_not（not）

查询from既不是gu并且tags也不是可爱，还有age不是18的数据

GET zhifou/doc/_search
{
  "query": {
    "bool": {
      "must_not": [
        {
          "match": {
            "from": "gu"
          }
        },
        {
          "match": {
            "tags": "可爱"
          }
        },
        {
          "match": {
            "age": 18
          }
        }
      ]
    }
  }
}

must和should都不能使用，而是使用must_not，又在内增加了一个age为18的条件。

结果

{
  "took" : 9,
  "timed_out" : false,
  "_shards" : {
    "total" : 5,
    "successful" : 5,
    "skipped" : 0,
    "failed" : 0
  },
  "hits" : {
    "total" : 1,
    "max_score" : 1.0,
    "hits" : [
      {
        "_index" : "zhifou",
        "_type" : "doc",
        "_id" : "5",
        "_score" : 1.0,
        "_source" : {
          "name" : "魏行首",
          "age" : 25,
          "from" : "广云台",
          "desc" : "仿佛兮若轻云之蔽月,飘飘兮若流风之回雪,mmp，最后竟然没有嫁给顾老二！",
          "tags" : [
            "闭月",
            "羞花"
          ]
        }
      }
    ]
  }
}

只有魏行首这一条数据，因为只有魏行首既不是顾家的人，标签没有可爱那一项，年龄也不等于18！这里有点需要补充，条件中age对应的18你写成整形还是字符串都没啥……

filter

lt小于   lte小于等于

gt大于  gte大于等于

使用lte和gte来限定范围

查询from为gu，age大于25的数据

GET zhifou/doc/_search
{
  "query": {
    "bool": {
      "must": [
        {
          "match": {
            "from": "gu"
          }
        }
      ],
      "filter": {
        "range": {
          "age": {
            "gt": 25
          }
        }
      }
    }
  }
}

 

filter条件过滤查询，过滤条件的范围用range表示，gt表示大于，大于多少呢？是25。

结果

{
  "took" : 2,
  "timed_out" : false,
  "_shards" : {
    "total" : 5,
    "successful" : 5,
    "skipped" : 0,
    "failed" : 0
  },
  "hits" : {
    "total" : 2,
    "max_score" : 0.6931472,
    "hits" : [
      {
        "_index" : "zhifou",
        "_type" : "doc",
        "_id" : "4",
        "_score" : 0.6931472,
        "_source" : {
          "name" : "石头",
          "age" : 29,
          "from" : "gu",
          "desc" : "粗中有细，狐假虎威",
          "tags" : [
            "粗",
            "大",
            "猛"
          ]
        }
      },
      {
        "_index" : "zhifou",
        "_type" : "doc",
        "_id" : "1",
        "_score" : 0.2876821,
        "_source" : {
          "name" : "顾老二",
          "age" : 30,
          "from" : "gu",
          "desc" : "皮肤黑、武器长、性格直",
          "tags" : [
            "黑",
            "长",
            "直"
          ]
        }
      }
    ]
  }
}

age大于25的条件都已经筛选出来了。

 

查询from是gu，age大于等于30

GET zhifou/doc/_search
{
  "query": {
    "bool": {
      "must": [
        {
          "match": {
            "from": "gu"
          }
        }
      ],
      "filter": {
        "range": {
          "age": {
            "gte": 30
          }
        }
      }
    }
  }
}

大于等于用gte表示。

 

查询age小于25

GET zhifou/doc/_search
{
  "query": {
    "bool": {
      "filter": {
        "range": {
          "age": {
            "lt": 25
          }
        }
      }
    }
  }
}

小于用lt表示

 

查询一个age小于等于18

GET zhifou/doc/_search
{
  "query": {
    "bool": {
      "filter": {
        "range": {
          "age": {
            "lte": 18
          }
        }
      }
    }
  }
}

小于等于用lte表示

 

查询from是gu，age在25~30之间

GET zhifou/doc/_search
{
  "query": {
    "bool": {
      "must": [
        {
          "match": {
            "from": "gu"
          }
        }
      ],
      "filter": {
        "range": {
          "age": {
            "gte": 25,
            "lte": 30
          }
        }
      }
    }
  }
}

 

 

 

参考博客

https://www.cnblogs.com/Neeo/articles/10578625.html#should