Django之ModelForm

在admin添加数据 

python36 manage.py createsuperuser
在 admin写入
admin.site.register(models.类名)

 

注册model

数据展示：

1. 普通字段
   对象.字段名   ——》  数据库的值
2. choices
   对象.字段名   ——》  数据库的值
   对象.get_字段名_display（）   ——》 对应显示的值
3. 外键
   对象.外键   ——》  关联的对象  __str__
   对象.外键.字段  
4. 自定义方法
    def show_class(self):
        return ' , '.join([str(i) for i in self.class_list.all()])
    返回html页面
    from django.utils.safestring import mark_safe 
    颜色展现
        def show_status(self):
        """
            ('signed', "已报名"),
             ('unregistered', "未报名"),
             ('studying', '学习中'),
             ('paid_in_full', "学费已交齐")
        """
        color_dict = {
            'signed': 'green',
            'unregistered': 'red',
            'studying': 'pink',
            'paid_in_full': '#208ebc',
        }
        return mark_safe('<span  style="color: white;background-color: {};padding: 3px">{}</span>'.format(color_dict.get(self.status),
            self.get_status_display()))
    在前端显示是{{ 对象.show_status }}

 

数据展现

给所有字段增加样式

class CustomerForm(forms.ModelForm):

    def __init__(self,*args,**kwargs):
        super().__init__(*args,**kwargs)
        for field in self.fields.values():
            print(field)
            field.widget.attrs['class']='form-control'  #给所有字段增加样式
            field.widget.attrs['style']='border-radius: 3px '
            # 第二种方法 field.widget.attrs.update({'class':'form-control','style':'border-radius: 3px '})

    class Meta:
        model = models.Customer  #关联的表
        fields ='__all__'      # 所有数据

字段不需要增加样式的:

第一种方式 名字判断
        for name,field in self.fields.items():
            if name == 'course':
                continue   #退出本次循环

 

第二种方式 类型判断
from multiselectfield import MultiSelectField
通过类型看到是MultiSelectField
    if isinstance(field,(MultiSelectFormField,)):
        continue   

 

html

{% for field in form_obj %}
    <div class="form-group">
        <label for="{{ field.id_for_label }}" class="col-sm-3 control-label">{{ field.label }}</label>
        <div class="col-sm-7">
            {{ field }}
            {{ field.errors.0 }}
        </div>
    </div>
{% endfor %}

 

若想给不必填数据，label字体颜色变浅改成如下

这里面的第一个field都是for 循环的i

<label for="{{ field.id_for_label }}" {% if not field.field.required %} style="color: gray" {% endif %}class="col-sm-3 control-label">{{ field.label }}</label>

增加报错提示框

{% for field in form_obj %}
  <div class="form-group {% if field.errors %}has-error{% endif %}">
        <label for="{{ field.id_for_label }}" {% if not field.field.required %} style="color: gray" {% endif %}class="col-sm-3 control-label">{{ field.label }}</label>
    <div class="col-sm-7">
        {{ field }}
        <span class="help-block"> {{ field.errors.0 }}</span>
    </div>
  </div>
{% endfor %}

 

新增编辑

url下

url(r'^customer_add/', views.customer_change, name='customer_add'),
url(r'^customer_edit/(\d+)', views.customer_change, name='customer_edit'),

views下

def customer_change(request,pk=None):
    obj = models.Customer.objects.filter(pk=pk).first()
    form_obj = CustomerForm(instance=obj)
    if request.method=='POST':
        form_obj = CustomerForm(request.POST,instance=obj)
        if form_obj.is_valid():
            form_obj.save()
            return redirect('app01:customer')
    title = '编辑客户' if pk else '新增客户'
    return render(request,'customer_change.html',{'form_obj':form_obj,'title':title})

templates下

{% extends 'home.html' %}
{% block title %}
    <h1>
        {{ title }}
        <small>Optional description</small>
    </h1>
{% endblock %}

{% block content %}

    <div class="panel panel-primary">
        <div class="panel-heading">
            添加
        </div>
        <div class="panel-body">

            <form class="form-horizontal" action="" method="post" novalidate>
                {% csrf_token %}
                {% for field in form_obj %}
                  <div class="form-group {% if field.errors %}has-error{% endif %}">
                        <label for="{{ field.id_for_label }}" {% if not field.field.required %} style="color: gray" {% endif %}class="col-sm-3 control-label">{{ field.label }}</label>
                    <div class="col-sm-7">
                        {{ field }}
                         <span class="help-block"> {{ field.errors.0 }}</span>
                    </div>
                  </div>
                {% endfor %}
                



                <div class="form-group">
                <div class="col-sm-offset-2 col-sm-8">
                    <button type="submit" class="btn btn-success pull-right">提交</button>
                </div>
                </div>
            </form>


        </div>
    </div>

{% endblock %}