MongoDB(7):集群部署实践,包含复制集,分片
注: 刚开始学习MongoDB,写的有点麻烦了,网上教程都是很少的代码就完成了集群的部署,
纯属个人实践,错误之处望指正!有好的建议和资料请联系我QQ:1176479642
集群架构:
2mongos 最好多台路由服务器以上
3configure server, 最好3台配置服务器以上
2shards 最好3个分片以上
每个分片对应1个副本集rs,包括:
2mogodb 主副本一般三台
1mogodb arbiter 一台仲裁服务器
sum:11台服务器
#复制MongoDB数据库文件到指定的文件夹
#cp -rfvp mongodb-linux-x86_64-2.6.3/* /usr/local/mongodbcluster/mongoconfigs/mongoconfig3/
1.mkdir 创建数据文件、日志文件的存放目录，mogos路由服务器因为不存储数据，可不创建/data/db
#!/bin/bash
#mogos port: 2001,2002
mkdir -p /usr/local/mogocluster/mogos/mogos1/data/db
mkdir -p /usr/local/mogocluster/mogos/mogos1/data/log
/usr/local/mogocluster/mogos/mogos2/data/db
/usr/local/mogocluster/mogos/mogos2/data/log
#config servers port: 3001,3002
mkdir -p /usr/local/mogocluster/mogoconfigs/mogoconfig1/data/db
mkdir -p /usr/local/mogocluster/mogoconfigs/mogoconfig1/data/log
mkdir -p /usr/local/mogocluster/mogoconfigs/mogoconfig2/data/db
mkdir -p /usr/local/mogocluster/mogoconfigs/mogoconfig2/data/log
#mogodb shards rs
# primary,secondary,arbiter
#rs1 port: 4011,4012,4013
# 4021,4022,4023
# 4031,4032,4033
mkdir -p /usr/local/mogocluster/shards/shard1/rs1_mongodb1/data/db
mkdir -p /usr/local/mogocluster/shards/shard1/rs1_mongodb1/data/log
mkdir -p /usr/local/mogocluster/shards/shard1/rs1_mongodb2/data/db
mkdir -p /usr/local/mogocluster/shards/shard1/rs1_mongodb2/data/log
mkdir -p /usr/local/mogocluster/shards/shard1/rs1_mongodb3/data/db
mkdir -p /usr/local/mogocluster/shards/shard1/rs1_mongodb3/data/log
#rs2
mkdir -p /usr/local/mogocluster/shards/shard2/rs2_mongodb1/data/db
mkdir -p /usr/local/mogocluster/shards/shard2/rs2_mongodb1/data/log
mkdir -p /usr/local/mogocluster/shards/shard2/rs2_mongodb2/data/db
mkdir -p /usr/local/mogocluster/shards/shard2/rs2_mongodb2/data/log
mkdir -p /usr/local/mogocluster/shards/shard2/rs2_mongodb3/data/db
mkdir -p /usr/local/mogocluster/shards/shard2/rs2_mongodb3/data/log
#rs3
mkdir -p /usr/local/mogocluster/shards/shard3/rs3_mongodb1/data/db
mkdir -p /usr/local/mogocluster/shards/shard3/rs3_mongodb1/data/log
mkdir -p /usr/local/mogocluster/shards/shard3/rs3_mongodb2/data/db
mkdir -p /usr/local/mogocluster/shards/shard3/rs3_mongodb2/data/log
mkdir -p /usr/local/mogocluster/shards/shard3/rs3_mongodb3/data/db
mkdir -p /usr/local/mogocluster/shards/shard3/rs3_mongodb3/data/log
//集群文件夹/usr/local/mongodbcluster,这部分其实无关紧要
[pheonix@localhost mongodbcluster]$ ls -R .: mongoconfigs mongos shards ./mongoconfigs: mongoconfig1 mongoconfig2 mongoconfig3 ./mongoconfigs/mongoconfig1: bin GNU-AGPL-3.0 README configsvr1-3001.conf~ mongodb_configsvr1_3001.conf THIRD-PARTY-NOTICES data mongodb_configsvr1_3001.conf~ ./mongoconfigs/mongoconfig1/bin: bsondump mongodump mongoimport mongorestore mongotop mongo mongoexport mongooplog mongos mongod mongofiles mongoperf mongostat ./mongoconfigs/mongoconfig1/data: db log mongodb_configsvr1_3001.pid ./mongoconfigs/mongoconfig1/data/db: config.0 config.ns journal local.0 local.1 local.2 local.ns mongod.lock ./mongoconfigs/mongoconfig1/data/db/journal: prealloc.0 prealloc.1 prealloc.2 ./mongoconfigs/mongoconfig1/data/log: mongodb_configsvr1_3001.log ./mongoconfigs/mongoconfig2: bin mongodb_configsvr2_3002.conf THIRD-PARTY-NOTICES data mongodb_configsvr2_3002.conf~ GNU-AGPL-3.0 README ./mongoconfigs/mongoconfig2/bin: bsondump mongodump mongoimport mongorestore mongotop mongo mongoexport mongooplog mongos mongod mongofiles mongoperf mongostat ./mongoconfigs/mongoconfig2/data: db log mongodb_configsvr2_3002.pid ./mongoconfigs/mongoconfig2/data/db: config.0 config.ns journal local.0 local.1 local.2 local.ns mongod.lock ./mongoconfigs/mongoconfig2/data/db/journal: prealloc.0 prealloc.1 prealloc.2 ./mongoconfigs/mongoconfig2/data/log: mongodb_configsvr2_3002.log ./mongoconfigs/mongoconfig3: bin mongodb_configsvr3_3003.conf THIRD-PARTY-NOTICES data mongodb_configsvr3_3003.conf~ GNU-AGPL-3.0 README ./mongoconfigs/mongoconfig3/bin: bsondump mongodump mongoimport mongorestore mongotop mongo mongoexport mongooplog mongos mongod mongofiles mongoperf mongostat ./mongoconfigs/mongoconfig3/data: db log mongodb_configsvr3_3003.pid ./mongoconfigs/mongoconfig3/data/db: config.0 config.ns journal local.0 local.1 local.2 local.ns mongod.lock ./mongoconfigs/mongoconfig3/data/db/journal: prealloc.0 prealloc.1 prealloc.2 ./mongoconfigs/mongoconfig3/data/log: mongodb_configsvr3_3003.log ./mongos: mongos1 mongos2 ./mongos/mongos1: bin mongdb_mongossvr1_2001.conf~ THIRD-PARTY-NOTICES data mongodb_mongossvr1_2001.conf GNU-AGPL-3.0 README ./mongos/mongos1/bin: bsondump mongodump mongoimport mongorestore mongotop mongo mongoexport mongooplog mongos mongod mongofiles mongoperf mongostat ./mongos/mongos1/data: db mongodb_mongossvr1_20001.pid mongodb_mongossvr2_2002.pid log mongodb_mongossvr1_2001.pid ./mongos/mongos1/data/db: ./mongos/mongos1/data/log: mongodb_mongossvr1_2001.log mongodb_mongossvr2_2002.log ./mongos/mongos2: bin mongdb_mongossvr1_2001.conf~ THIRD-PARTY-NOTICES data mongodb_mongossvr2_2002.conf GNU-AGPL-3.0 README ./mongos/mongos2/bin: bsondump mongodump mongoimport mongorestore mongotop mongo mongoexport mongooplog mongos mongod mongofiles mongoperf mongostat ./mongos/mongos2/data: db log mongodb_mongossvr2_2002.pid ./mongos/mongos2/data/db: ./mongos/mongos2/data/log: mongodb_mongossvr2_2002.log ./shards: shard1 shard2 shard3 ./shards/shard1: rs1_mongodb1 rs1_mongodb2 rs1_mongodb3 ./shards/shard1/rs1_mongodb1: bin mongodb_rs1_mongodb1_4011.conf THIRD-PARTY-NOTICES data mongodb_rs1_mongodb1_4011.conf~ GNU-AGPL-3.0 README ./shards/shard1/rs1_mongodb1/bin: bsondump mongodump mongoimport mongorestore mongotop mongo mongoexport mongooplog mongos mongod mongofiles mongoperf mongostat ./shards/shard1/rs1_mongodb1/data: db log mongodb_rs1_mongodb1_4011.pid ./shards/shard1/rs1_mongodb1/data/db: journal local.1 mongod.lock test.0 test.ns local.0 local.ns moveChunk test.1 ./shards/shard1/rs1_mongodb1/data/db/journal: ./shards/shard1/rs1_mongodb1/data/db/moveChunk: test.users ./shards/shard1/rs1_mongodb1/data/db/moveChunk/test.users: post-cleanup.2016-07-16T10-11-51.1.bson post-cleanup.2016-07-16T10-13-57.2.bson ./shards/shard1/rs1_mongodb1/data/log: mongodb_rs1_mongodb1_4011.log ./shards/shard1/rs1_mongodb2: bin mongodb_rs1_mongodb2_4012.conf THIRD-PARTY-NOTICES data mongodb_rs1_mongodb2_4012.conf~ GNU-AGPL-3.0 README ./shards/shard1/rs1_mongodb2/bin: bsondump mongodump mongoimport mongorestore mongotop mongo mongoexport mongooplog mongos mongod mongofiles mongoperf mongostat ./shards/shard1/rs1_mongodb2/data: db log mongodb_rs1_mongodb2_4012.pid ./shards/shard1/rs1_mongodb2/data/db: journal local.0 local.1 local.ns mongod.lock test.0 test.1 test.ns ./shards/shard1/rs1_mongodb2/data/db/journal: ./shards/shard1/rs1_mongodb2/data/log: mongodb_rs1_mongodb2_4012.log ./shards/shard1/rs1_mongodb3: bin mongodb_rs1_mongodb3_4013.conf THIRD-PARTY-NOTICES data mongodb_rs1_mongodb3_4013.conf~ GNU-AGPL-3.0 README ./shards/shard1/rs1_mongodb3/bin: bsondump mongodump mongoimport mongorestore mongotop mongo mongoexport mongooplog mongos mongod mongofiles mongoperf mongostat ./shards/shard1/rs1_mongodb3/data: db log mongodb_rs1_mongodb3_4013.pid ./shards/shard1/rs1_mongodb3/data/db: journal local.0 local.ns mongod.lock ./shards/shard1/rs1_mongodb3/data/db/journal: ./shards/shard1/rs1_mongodb3/data/log: mongodb_rs1_mongodb3_4013.log ./shards/shard2: rs2_mongodb1 rs2_mongodb2 rs2_mongodb3 ./shards/shard2/rs2_mongodb1: bin mongodb_rs2_mongodb1_4021.conf THIRD-PARTY-NOTICES data mongodb_rs2_mongodb1_4021.conf~ GNU-AGPL-3.0 README ./shards/shard2/rs2_mongodb1/bin: bsondump mongodump mongoimport mongorestore mongotop mongo mongoexport mongooplog mongos mongod mongofiles mongoperf mongostat ./shards/shard2/rs2_mongodb1/data: db log mongodb_rs2_mongodb1_4021.pid ./shards/shard2/rs2_mongodb1/data/db: journal local.1 mongod.lock test.0 test.ns local.0 local.ns moveChunk test.1 ./shards/shard2/rs2_mongodb1/data/db/journal: ./shards/shard2/rs2_mongodb1/data/db/moveChunk: test.users ./shards/shard2/rs2_mongodb1/data/db/moveChunk/test.users: post-cleanup.2016-07-16T10-29-21.4.bson ./shards/shard2/rs2_mongodb1/data/log: mongodb_rs2_mongodb1_4021.log ./shards/shard2/rs2_mongodb2: bin mongodb_rs2_mongodb1_4022.conf~ README data mongodb_rs2_mongodb2_4022.conf THIRD-PARTY-NOTICES GNU-AGPL-3.0 mongodb_rs2_mongodb2_4022.conf~ ./shards/shard2/rs2_mongodb2/bin: bsondump mongodump mongoimport mongorestore mongotop mongo mongoexport mongooplog mongos mongod mongofiles mongoperf mongostat ./shards/shard2/rs2_mongodb2/data: db log mongodb_rs2_mongodb2_4022.pid ./shards/shard2/rs2_mongodb2/data/db: journal local.0 local.1 local.ns mongod.lock test.0 test.1 test.ns ./shards/shard2/rs2_mongodb2/data/db/journal: ./shards/shard2/rs2_mongodb2/data/log: mongodb_rs2_mongodb2_4022.log ./shards/shard2/rs2_mongodb3: bin mongodb_rs2_mongodb3_4023.conf THIRD-PARTY-NOTICES data mongodb_rs2_mongodb3_4023.conf~ GNU-AGPL-3.0 README ./shards/shard2/rs2_mongodb3/bin: bsondump mongodump mongoimport mongorestore mongotop mongo mongoexport mongooplog mongos mongod mongofiles mongoperf mongostat ./shards/shard2/rs2_mongodb3/data: db log mongodb_rs2_mongodb3_4023.pid ./shards/shard2/rs2_mongodb3/data/db: journal local.0 local.ns mongod.lock ./shards/shard2/rs2_mongodb3/data/db/journal: ./shards/shard2/rs2_mongodb3/data/log: mongodb_rs2_mongodb3_4023.log ./shards/shard3: rs3_mongodb1 rs3_mongodb2 rs3_mongodb3 ./shards/shard3/rs3_mongodb1: data ./shards/shard3/rs3_mongodb1/data: db log ./shards/shard3/rs3_mongodb1/data/db: ./shards/shard3/rs3_mongodb1/data/log: ./shards/shard3/rs3_mongodb2: data ./shards/shard3/rs3_mongodb2/data: db log ./shards/shard3/rs3_mongodb2/data/db: ./shards/shard3/rs3_mongodb2/data/log: ./shards/shard3/rs3_mongodb3: data ./shards/shard3/rs3_mongodb3/data: db log ./shards/shard3/rs3_mongodb3/data/db: ./shards/shard3/rs3_mongodb3/data/log:
还是看图片比较直观!
2.分别配置:配置服务器,分片复制集服务器,路由服务器
3.启动脚本
4.初始化复制集
5.添加分片
6.启用分片并设置片键
7.分片的状态
8.添加10万测试数据
for(i=0;i<100000;i++){
db.users.insert({
"uid":i,
"name":"test"+i,
"money":Math.random()*i+1
});
}
---------------------------------------------------------------文本---------------------------------------------------------------------------
#使用admin数据库
use admin
#定义副本集配置
config = { _id:"rs1", members:[
{_id:0,host:"127.0.0.1:4011"},
{_id:1,host:"127.0.0.1:4012"},
{_id:2,host:"127.0.0.1:4013",arbiterOnly:true}
]
}
#初始化副本集配置
rs.initiate(config);
#使用admin数据库
use admin
#定义副本集配置
config = { _id:"rs2", members:[
{_id:0,host:"127.0.0.1:4021"},
{_id:1,host:"127.0.0.1:4022"},
{_id:2,host:"127.0.0.1:4023",arbiterOnly:true}
]
}
#初始化副本集配置
rs.initiate(config);
添加分片
db.runCommand({
"addshard":"rs1/127.0.0.1:4011,127.0.0.1:4012,127.0.0.1:4013",
"allowLocal":1
})
db.runCommand({
"addshard":"rs2/127.0.0.1:4021,127.0.0.1:4022,127.0.0.1:4023",
"allowLocal":1
})
//将test数据库启用分片功能.
db.runCommand({"enablesharding":"test"})
//对test数据库的users集合进行分片,片键是uid
db.runCommand({"shardcollection":"test.users","key":{"uid":1}})//
如果现在对refactor集合添加数据,就会依据"name"的值自动分散到各个片上.
------------------------------------------------------------------附录--------------------------------------------------------------------------
1.本次测试的MongoDB是2.6.3版本(https://yunpan.cn/cBXLkrRNVWbSk 访问密码 651d)
其他版本:
Linux 64位3.2.0 (https://yunpan.cn/cBX3jj6BHIxHr 访问密码 396a)
Linux 32 i686 3.0.2-1 (https://yunpan.cn/cBX3HKJRAInp6 访问密码 31ff)
2.本次测试的配置文件和脚本(https://yunpan.cn/cBXLeknTK7gDw 访问密码 5f8e)
3.本次测试的所有截图(https://yunpan.cn/cBXLGYee6E37L 访问密码 09fb)
如果你想图方便的话,也可以全部下载喔^_^么么哒!(https://yunpan.cn/cBXL7eHBBWWFw 访问密码 984b)
3.参考他人的教程(http://blog.sina.com.cn/s/blog_498e79cc0101115v.html)
MongoDB分片集群搭建步骤详解
Kelly 发表于 2015/9/2 10:14:00 | 分类标签: MongoDB 分片集群
一、概念：
分片（sharding）是指将数据库拆分，将其分散在不同的机器上的过程。将数据分散到不同的机器上，不需要功能强大的服务器就可以存储更多的数据和处理更大的负载。基本思想就是将集合切成小块，这些块分散到若干片里，每个片只负责总数据的一部分，最后通过一个均衡器来对各个分片进行均衡（数据迁移）。通过一个名为mongos的路由进程进行操作，mongos知道数据和片的对应关系（通过配置服务器）。大部分使用场景都是解决磁盘空间的问题，对于写入有可能会变差（+++里面的说明+++），查询则尽量避免跨分片查询。使用分片的时机：
1，机器的磁盘不够用了。使用分片解决磁盘空间的问题。
2，单个mongod已经不能满足写数据的性能要求。通过分片让写压力分散到各个分片上面，使用分片服务器自身的资源。
3，想把大量数据放到内存里提高性能。和上面一样，通过分片使用分片服务器自身的资源。
二、部署安装： 前提是安装了mongodb（本文用3.0测试）
在搭建分片之前，先了解下分片中各个角色的作用。
① 配置服务器。是一个独立的mongod进程，保存集群和分片的元数据，即各分片包含了哪些数据的信息。最先开始建立，启用日志功能。像启动普通的mongod一样启动配置服务器，指定configsvr选项。不需要太多的空间和资源，配置服务器的1KB空间相当于真是数据的200MB。保存的只是数据的分布表。当服务不可用，则变成只读，无法分块、迁移数据。
② 路由服务器。即mongos，起到一个路由的功能，供程序连接。本身不保存数据，在启动时从配置服务器加载集群信息，开启mongos进程需要知道配置服务器的地址，指定configdb选项。
③ 分片服务器。是一个独立普通的mongod进程，保存数据信息。可以是一个副本集也可以是单独的一台服务器。
部署环境：3台机子
A：配置(3)、路由1、分片1；
B：分片2，路由2；
C：分片3
在部署之前先明白片键的意义，一个好的片键对分片至关重要。片键必须是一个索引，数据根据这个片键进行拆分分散。通过sh.shardCollection加会自动创建索引。一个自增的片键对写入和数据均匀分布就不是很好，因为自增的片键总会在一个分片上写入，后续达到某个阀值可能会写到别的分片。但是按照片键查询会非常高效。随机片键对数据的均匀分布效果很好。注意尽量避免在多个分片上进行查询。在所有分片上查询，mongos会对结果进行归并排序。
启动上面这些服务，因为在后台运行，所以用配置文件启动，配置文件说明。
1）配置服务器的启动。(A上开启3个，Port：20000、21000、22000)
配置服务器是一个普通的mongod进程，所以只需要新开一个实例即可。配置服务器必须开启1个或则3个，开启2个则会报错：
BadValue need either 1 or 3 configdbs
因为要放到后台用用配置文件启动，需要修改配置文件：
/etc/mongod_20000.conf
#数据目录
dbpath=/usr/local/config/
#日志文件
logpath=/var/log/mongodb/mongodb_config.log
#日志追加
logappend=true
#端口
port = 20000
#最大连接数
maxConns = 50
pidfilepath = /var/run/mongo_20000.pid
#日志,redo log
journal = true
#刷写提交机制
journalCommitInterval = 200
#守护进程模式
fork = true
#刷写数据到日志的频率
syncdelay = 60
#storageEngine = wiredTiger
#操作日志,单位M
oplogSize = 1000
#命名空间的文件大小,默认16M，最大2G。
nssize = 16
noauth = true
unixSocketPrefix = /tmp
configsvr = true
/etc/mongod_21000.conf
数据目录
dbpath=/usr/local/config1/
#日志文件
logpath=/var/log/mongodb/mongodb_config1.log
#日志追加
logappend=true
#端口
port = 21000
#最大连接数
maxConns = 50
pidfilepath = /var/run/mongo_21000.pid
#日志,redo log
journal = true
#刷写提交机制
journalCommitInterval = 200
#守护进程模式
fork = true
#刷写数据到日志的频率
syncdelay = 60
#storageEngine = wiredTiger
#操作日志,单位M
oplogSize = 1000
#命名空间的文件大小,默认16M，最大2G。
nssize = 16
noauth = true
unixSocketPrefix = /tmp
configsvr = true
开启配置服务器：
root@mongo1:~# mongod -f /etc/mongod_20000.conf
about to fork child process, waiting until server is ready for connections.
forked process: 8545
child process started successfully, parent exiting
root@mongo1:~# mongod -f /etc/mongod_21000.conf
about to fork child process, waiting until server is ready for connections.
forked process: 8595
child process started successfully, parent exiting
同理再起一个22000端口的配置服务器。
#数据目录
dbpath=/usr/local/config2/
#日志文件
logpath=/var/log/mongodb/mongodb_config2.log
#日志追加
logappend=true
#端口
port = 22000
#最大连接数
maxConns = 50
pidfilepath = /var/run/mongo_22000.pid
#日志,redo log
journal = true
#刷写提交机制
journalCommitInterval = 200
#守护进程模式
fork = true
#刷写数据到日志的频率
syncdelay = 60
#storageEngine = wiredTiger
#操作日志,单位M
oplogSize = 1000
#命名空间的文件大小,默认16M，最大2G。
nssize = 16
noauth = true
unixSocketPrefix = /tmp
configsvr = true
2）路由服务器的启动。(A、B上各开启1个，Port：30000)
路由服务器不保存数据，把日志记录一下即可。
# mongos
#日志文件
logpath=/var/log/mongodb/mongodb_route.log
#日志追加
logappend=true
#端口
port = 30000
#最大连接数
maxConns = 100
#绑定地址
#bind_ip=192.168.200.*,...,
pidfilepath = /var/run/mongo_30000.pid
configdb=192.168.200.A:20000,192.168.200.A:21000,192.168.200.A:22000 #必须是1个或则3个配置 。
#configdb=127.0.0.1:20000 #报错
#守护进程模式 fork = true
其中最重要的参数是configdb，不能在其后面带的配置服务器的地址写成localhost或则127.0.0.1，需要设置成其他分片也能访问的地址，即192.168.200.A:20000/21000/22000。否则在addshard的时候会报错：
{
"ok" : 0,
"errmsg" : "can't use localhost as a shard since all shards need to communicate. either use all shards and configdbs in localhost or all in actual IPs host: 172.16.5.104:20000 isLocalHost:0"
}
开启mongos：
root@mongo1:~# mongos -f /etc/mongod_30000.conf
2015-07-10T14:42:58.741+0800 W SHARDING running with 1 config server should be done only for testing purposes and is not recommended for production
about to fork child process, waiting until server is ready for connections.
forked process: 8965
child process started successfully, parent exiting
3）分片服务器的启动：
就是一个普通的mongod进程：
root@mongo1:~# mongod -f /etc/mongod_40000.conf
note: noprealloc may hurt performance in many applications
about to fork child process, waiting until server is ready for connections.
forked process: 9020
child process started successfully, parent exiting
A服务器上面的服务开启完毕
root@mongo1:~# ps -ef | grep mongo
root 9020 1 0 14:47 ? 00:00:06 mongod -f /etc/mongod_40000.conf
root 9990 1 0 15:14 ? 00:00:02 mongod -f /etc/mongod_20000.conf
root 10004 1 0 15:14 ? 00:00:01 mongod -f /etc/mongod_21000.conf
root 10076 1 0 15:20 ? 00:00:00 mongod -f /etc/mongod_22000.conf
root 10096 1 0 15:20 ? 00:00:00 mongos -f /etc/mongod_30000.conf
按照上面的方法再到B上开启分片服务和路由服务(配置文件一样)，以及在C上开启分片服务。到此分片的配置服务器、路由服务器、分片服务器都已经部署完成。
三、配置分片：下面的操作都是在mongodb的命令行里执行
1）添加分片：sh.addShard("IP:Port")
登陆路由服务器mongos 操作：
root@mongo1:~# mongo --port=30000
MongoDB shell version: 3.0.4
connecting to: 127.0.0.1:30000/test
mongos>
添加分片：
mongos> sh.status() #查看集群的信息
--- Sharding Status ---
sharding version: {
"_id" : 1,
"minCompatibleVersion" : 5,
"currentVersion" : 6,
"clusterId" : ObjectId("559f72470f93270ba60b26c6")
}
shards:
balancer:
Currently enabled: yes
Currently running: no
Failed balancer rounds in last 5 attempts: 0
Migration Results for the last 24 hours:
No recent migrations
databases:
{ "_id" : "admin", "partitioned" : false, "primary" : "config" }
mongos> sh.addShard("192.168.200.A:40000") #添加分片
{ "shardAdded" : "shard0000", "ok" : 1 }
mongos> sh.addShard("192.168.200.B:40000") #添加分片
{ "shardAdded" : "shard0001", "ok" : 1 }
mongos> sh.addShard("192.168.200.C:40000") #添加分片
{ "shardAdded" : "shard0002", "ok" : 1 }
mongos> sh.status() #查看集群信息
--- Sharding Status ---
sharding version: {
"_id" : 1,
"minCompatibleVersion" : 5,
"currentVersion" : 6,
"clusterId" : ObjectId("559f72470f93270ba60b26c6")
}
shards: #分片信息
{ "_id" : "shard0000", "host" : "192.168.200.A:40000" }
{ "_id" : "shard0001", "host" : "192.168.200.B:40000" }
{ "_id" : "shard0002", "host" : "192.168.200.C:40000" }
balancer:
Currently enabled: yes
Currently running: no
Failed balancer rounds in last 5 attempts: 0
Migration Results for the last 24 hours:
No recent migrations
databases:
{ "_id" : "admin", "partitioned" : false, "primary" : "config" }
2）开启分片功能：sh.enableSharding("库名")、sh.shardCollection("库名.集合名",{"key":1})
mongos> sh.enableSharding("dba") #首先对数据库启用分片
{ "ok" : 1 }
mongos> sh.status() #查看分片信息
--- Sharding Status ---...
...
databases:
{ "_id" : "admin", "partitioned" : false, "primary" : "config" }
{ "_id" : "test", "partitioned" : false, "primary" : "shard0000" }
{ "_id" : "dba", "partitioned" : true, "primary" : "shard0000" }
mongos> sh.shardCollection("dba.account",{"name":1}) #再对集合进行分片，name字段是片键。片键的选择：利于分块、分散写请求、查询数据。
{ "collectionsharded" : "dba.account", "ok" : 1 }
mongos> sh.status()
--- Sharding Status ---...
shards:
{ "_id" : "shard0000", "host" : "192.168.200.51:40000" }
{ "_id" : "shard0001", "host" : "192.168.200.52:40000" }
{ "_id" : "shard0002", "host" : "192.168.200.53:40000" }
...
databases:
{ "_id" : "admin", "partitioned" : false, "primary" : "config" }
{ "_id" : "test", "partitioned" : false, "primary" : "shard0000" }
{ "_id" : "dba", "partitioned" : true, "primary" : "shard0000" } #库
dba.account
shard key: { "name" : 1 } #集合
chunks:
shard0000 1
{ "name" : { "$minKey" : 1 } } -->> { "name" : { "$maxKey" : 1 } } on : shard0000 Timestamp(1, 0)
上面加粗部分表示分片信息已经配置完成。要是出现：
too many chunks to print, use verbose if you want to force print
想要看到详细的信息则需要执行：
mongos> sh.status({"verbose":1})
或则
mongos> db.printShardingStatus("vvvv")
或则
mongos> printShardingStatus(db.getSisterDB("config"),1)
四、测试 ：对dba库的account集合进行测试，随机写入，查看是否分散到3个分片中。
判断是否为shard：db.runCommand({isdbgrid:1})
mongos> db.runCommand({isdbgrid:1})
{ "isdbgrid" : 1, "hostname" : "mongo3c", "ok" : 1 }
通过一个python脚本进行随机写入：分别向A、B 2个mongos各写入10万条记录。
#!/usr/bin/env python
#-*- coding:utf-8 -*-
#随即写MongoDB Shard 测试
import pymongo
import time
from random import Random
def random_str(randomlength=8):
str = ''
chars = 'AaBbCcDdEeFfGgHhIiJjKkLlMmNnOoPpQqRrSsTtUuVvWwXxYyZz0123456789'
length = len(chars) - 1
random = Random()
for i in range(randomlength):
str+=chars[random.randint(0, length)]
return str
def inc_data(conn):
db = conn.dba
# db = conn.test
collection = db.account
for i in range(100000):
str = ''
chars = 'AaBbCcDdEeFfGgHhIiJjKkLlMmNnOoPpQqRrSsTtUuVvWwXxYyZz0123456789'
length = len(chars) - 1
random = Random()
for i in range(15):
str+=chars[random.randint(0, length)]
string = str
collection.insert({"name" : string, "age" : 123+i, "address" : "hangzhou"+string})
if __name__ =='__main__':
conn = pymongo.MongoClient(host='192.168.200.A/B',port=30000)
StartTime = time.time()
print "===============$inc==============="
print "StartTime : %s" %StartTime
inc_data(conn)
EndTime = time.time()
print "EndTime : %s" %EndTime
CostTime = round(EndTime-StartTime)
print "CostTime : %s" %CostTime
查看是否分片：db.collection.stats()
mongos> db.account.stats() #查看集合的分布情况
...
...
"shards" : {
"shard0000" : {
"ns" : "dba.account",
"count" : 89710,
"size" : 10047520,
...
...
"shard0001" : {
"ns" : "dba.account",
"count" : 19273,
"size" : 2158576,
...
...
"shard0002" : {
"ns" : "dba.account",
"count" : 91017,
"size" : 10193904,
...
...
上面加粗部分为集合的基本信息，可以看到分片成功，各个分片都有数据(count)。到此MongoDB分片集群搭建成功。
4.参考资料
http://blog.jobbole.com/72643/
http://www.hello-code.com/blog/MongoDB/201509/5300.html
