C++多线程同步技巧(二)--- 事件

简介

Windows在线程控制方面提供了多种信号处理机制,其中一种便是使用 CreateEvent() 函数创建事件,然后使用信号控制线程运行。其中将事件变为有信号可使用 SetEvent() 函数,将事件信号复位(变为无信号)可使用 ResetEvent() 函数,信号可以配合 WaitForSingleObject() 函数对线程的同步进行控制,当有信号时,此函数便会放行;无信号时,此函数会将阻塞。

提示: CreateEvent() 函数的参数 bManualReset 的含义是信号是否由人工复位,如果选择true,则信号必须手动采用ResetEvent() 函数进行复位操作。在这种情况下,可能会偶尔出现线程不同步的情况,问题出在可能同时会有多个线程穿过 WaitForSingleObject() 函数,导致复位失效,所以在这种情况下,为确保万无一失,我们一般会再添加一个限制条件,例如临界区互斥体;如果选择的是false,则当一个信号经过 WaitForSingleObject() 函数的时候,函数会自动将事件信号复位。

代码样例

  • bManualReset参数为 false
////////////////////////////////
//
// FileName : ThreadEventDemo.cpp
// Creator : PeterZheng
// Date : 2018/9/23 18:00
// Comment : The usage of "CreateEvent"
//
////////////////////////////////

#pragma once

#include <cstdio>
#include <iostream>
#include <cstdlib>
#include <windows.h>

using namespace std;

DWORD WINAPI func1(LPVOID lpParam);
DWORD WINAPI func2(LPVOID lpParam);

HANDLE hEvent = NULL;
unsigned int unCount = 0;

DWORD WINAPI func1(LPVOID lpParam)
{
	while (true)
	{
		WaitForSingleObject(hEvent, INFINITE);
		if (unCount < 100)
		{
			unCount++;
			Sleep(10);
			cout << "Count: " << unCount << endl;
			SetEvent(hEvent);
			continue;
		}
		// 因为WaitForSingleObject函数会自动复位,可能导致另外一个线程始终等待不到信号,造成“假死”现象,所以这里需要使用SetEvent重置信号。
		SetEvent(hEvent);
		break;
	}
	return 0;
}

DWORD WINAPI func2(LPVOID lpParam)
{
	while (true)
	{
		WaitForSingleObject(hEvent, INFINITE);
		if (unCount < 100)
		{
			unCount++;
			Sleep(10);
			cout << "Count: " << unCount << endl;
			SetEvent(hEvent); // 设置事件为有信号状态
			continue;
		}
		SetEvent(hEvent);
		break;
	}
	return 0;
}

int main(void)
{
	HANDLE hThread[2] = { NULL };
	hEvent = CreateEvent(NULL, false, false, NULL); //创建一个匿名事件,当参数bManualReset设置为false时
	hThread[0] = CreateThread(NULL, 0, func1, NULL, 0, NULL);
	cout << "Thread-1 is RUNNING" << endl;
	hThread[1] = CreateThread(NULL, 0, func2, NULL, 0, NULL);
	cout << "Thread-2 is RUNNING" << endl;
	SetEvent(hEvent);
	WaitForMultipleObjects(2, hThread, true, INFINITE); //等待两个线程运行结束
	CloseHandle(hThread[0]);
	CloseHandle(hThread[1]);
	CloseHandle(hEvent);
	system("pause");
	return 0;
}
  • bManualReset参数为 true
////////////////////////////////
//
// FileName : ThreadEventDemo.cpp
// Creator : PeterZheng
// Date : 2018/9/23 18:00
// Comment : The usage of "CreateEvent"
//
////////////////////////////////

#pragma once

#include <cstdio>
#include <iostream>
#include <cstdlib>
#include <windows.h>

using namespace std;

DWORD WINAPI func1(LPVOID lpParam);
DWORD WINAPI func2(LPVOID lpParam);

HANDLE hEvent = NULL;
HANDLE hMutex = NULL;
unsigned int unCount = 0;

DWORD WINAPI func1(LPVOID lpParam)
{
	while (true)
	{
		WaitForSingleObject(hEvent, INFINITE);
		WaitForSingleObject(hMutex, INFINITE); //为互斥体上锁
		ResetEvent(hEvent); // 重置事件为无信号状态
		if (unCount < 100)
		{
			unCount++;
			Sleep(10);
			cout << "Count: " << unCount << endl;
			SetEvent(hEvent); // 设置事件为有信号状态
			ReleaseMutex(hMutex); //互斥体解锁
		}
		else
		{
			SetEvent(hEvent);
			ReleaseMutex(hMutex);
			break;
		}
	}
	return 0;
}

DWORD WINAPI func2(LPVOID lpParam)
{
	while (true)
	{
		WaitForSingleObject(hEvent, INFINITE);
		WaitForSingleObject(hMutex, INFINITE); //为互斥体上锁
		ResetEvent(hEvent); // 重置事件为无信号状态
		if (unCount < 100)
		{
			unCount++;
			Sleep(10);
			cout << "Count: " << unCount << endl;
			SetEvent(hEvent); // 设置事件为有信号状态
			ReleaseMutex(hMutex);
		}
		else
		{
			SetEvent(hEvent);
			ReleaseMutex(hMutex);
			break;
		}
	}
	return 0;
}

int main(void)
{
	HANDLE hThread[2] = { NULL };
	hEvent = CreateEvent(NULL, true, false, NULL); //创建一个匿名事件,当参数bManualReset设置为true时
	hMutex = CreateMutex(NULL, false, NULL); //创建一个匿名互斥体
	hThread[0] = CreateThread(NULL, 0, func1, NULL, 0, NULL);
	cout << "Thread-1 is RUNNING" << endl;
	hThread[1] = CreateThread(NULL, 0, func2, NULL, 0, NULL);
	cout << "Thread-2 is RUNNING" << endl;
	SetEvent(hEvent); // 设置事件为有信号状态
	WaitForMultipleObjects(2, hThread, true, INFINITE); //等待两个线程运行结束
	CloseHandle(hThread[0]);
	CloseHandle(hThread[1]);
	CloseHandle(hEvent);
	CloseHandle(hMutex);
	system("pause");
	return 0;
}

参考文档

【1】https://blog.csdn.net/s_lisheng/article/details/74278765

posted @ 2018-10-01 18:48  倚剑问天  阅读(1378)  评论(0编辑  收藏  举报