斐波那契数列的几种实现方法

定义

/*递归*/ 
#include<bits/stdc++.h>
using namespace std;
int f(int x){
	if(x==0||x==1) return 1;
	else return f(x-1)+f(x-2);
}
int main(){
	int n;
	scanf("%d",&n);
	cout<<f(n)<<endl;
	return 0;
}

/*类似于辗转相除的依次赋值*/
// 0 1 1 2 3 5 8
#include<bits/stdc++.h>
using namespace std;
int main(){
	int n;
	cin>>n;
	int a = 0 , b = 1;
	int res ;
	if(n == 0) res = 0 ;
	else if(n == 1) res = 1;
	else{
		for(int i = 2;i <= n; i++){
			res = a + b;
			a  = b;
			b = res;
		}
	}
	cout<<res<<endl;
	return 0;
}

/*备忘录*/
#include<bits/stdc++.h>
using namespace std;
const int N = 1100;
int a[N];
int f(int x){
	if(a[x] >= 0) return a[x];//说明该值已经计算出
	else return a[x]=f(x-1)+f(x-2);//计算并存储
}
int main(){
	int n;
	cin>>n;
	memset(a, -1, sizeof a);
	a[0] = 0 , a[1] = 1;
	cout<<f(n)<<endl;
	return 0;
}

矩阵快速幂

#include <cstdio>
#include <cstring>
#include <iostream>
#include <algorithm>
#include <ctime>

using namespace std;

const int MOD = 1000000007;

void mul(int a[][2], int b[][2], int c[][2])
{
    int temp[][2] = {{0, 0}, {0, 0}};
    for (int i = 0; i < 2; i ++ )
        for (int j = 0; j < 2; j ++ )
            for (int k = 0; k < 2; k ++ )
            {
                long long x = temp[i][j] + (long long)a[i][k] * b[k][j];
                temp[i][j] = x % MOD;
            }
    for (int i = 0; i < 2; i ++ )
        for (int j = 0; j < 2; j ++ )
            c[i][j] = temp[i][j];
}


int f_final(long long n)
{
    int x[2] = {1, 1};

    int a[2][2] = {{1, 1}, {1, 0}};

    int res[][2] = {{1, 0}, {0, 1}};
    int t[][2] = {{1, 1}, {1, 0}};
    long long k = n - 1;
    while (k)
    {
        if (k&1) mul(res, t, res);
        mul(t, t, t);
        k >>= 1;
    }

    int c[2] = {0, 0};
    for (int i = 0; i < 2; i ++ )
        for (int j = 0; j < 2; j ++ )
        {
            long long r = c[i] + (long long)x[j] * res[j][i];
            c[i] = r % MOD;
        }

    return c[0];
}


int main()
{
    long long n ;

    cin >> n;
    cout << f_final(n) << endl;

    return 0;
}

作者：yxc
来源：AcWing

利用构造矩阵的方法（待补）原文链接
还有篇博客介绍了如何构造矩阵，但是现在没找到链接
补：斐波那契数列求和公式 ： Sn = 2F(n) + F(n-1) - 1
求解斐波那契数列的若干方法 - AcWing