【Python】异常处理

处理ZeroDivisionError异常

下面看一种异常,除数为0的异常,我们都知道,当除数为0的时候是不可以运算的。

print(5/0)
image

在上述Traceback中,已经指出的错误ZeroDivisionError是一个异常对象。Python无法按照你的要求做时,就会产生这种对象。

1.1使用try-except代码块

当你预先知道会发生这种错误时,可编写一个try-except代码块来处理可能发生的异常。你让python尝试运行一些代码,并告诉他如果这些代码引发了指定的异常,该怎么办

try:
    print(5/0)
except ZeroDivisionError:
    print("You can't divide by 0")

运行结果:

image

1.2使用异常避免奔溃

发生错误时,如果程序还没有工作完成,妥善的处理错误尤其重要,这种情况经常会出现在要求用户提供的主程序中,如果程序能够妥善的处理无效请求,就能再提示用户提供有效输入,而不至于奔溃

下面是一个简易计算机

print("Give me two number,I will divide them!")
print("Enter the 'q' to quit!")

while True:
    first_number = input("\nEnter the first number:")
    if first_number == 'q':
        break
    second_number = input("\nEnter the second number:")
    if int(second_number) == 0:
        second_number = input("\nYou can't divide by 0,please re-Enter the second number:")
    if second_number == 'q':
        break
    answer = int(first_number)/int(second_number)
    print(answer)

运行结果

image

当输入的分母为0时也做了相应处理,这种是使用if语句强行判断处理分母为0的情况,那么使用异常处理该如何处置呢?

print("Give me two number,I will divide them!")
print("Enter the 'q' to quit!")

while True:
    first_number = input("\nEnter the first number:")
    if first_number == 'q':
        break
    second_number = input("\nEnter the second number:")
    if second_number == 'q':
        break
    try:
        answer = int(first_number)/int(second_number)
    except ZeroDivisionError:
        second_number = input("\nYou can't divide by 0,please re-Enter the second number:")
        answer = int(first_number) / int(second_number)
        print(answer)
    else:
        print(answer)

当除法产生异常的时候,就提示重新输入不为0的除数。

处理FileNotFoundError异常

file_path = "txt\MyFavoriteFruit.txt"

try:
    with open(file_path) as file_object:
        Contents = file_object.readlines()
        for line in Contents:
            print(line.strip())
except FileNotFoundError:
    msg = "Sorry,the file " + file_path + " does not exist."
    print(msg)

当文件存在时候,运行结果:

image

删除文件后的运行结果:

image

posted @ 2017-11-26 15:49  OLIVER_QIN  阅读(657)  评论(0编辑  收藏  举报