开源依旧：再次分享一个进销存系统
开篇
我之前发过一篇博文《两天完成一个小型工程报价系统(三层架构)》，不少朋友向我要源码学习，后来久而久之忘记回复了。今天我再分享一个进销存系统，只为学习，没有复杂的框架和设计模式，有的是我个人的理解，大家互相探讨技术才会提高。当然我的命名不是很规范，兄弟们凑合着看。:)
思想和架构
在传统的三层架构思想上扩展出N层架构，将业务逻辑层换成WCF服务。抽象工厂的引入提高了程序的扩展性，单利+缓存+反射则提升了程序的性能。数据库则换成了Oracle，所以相应的数据访问层也换成了OracleDal，当然你完全可以写SqlServerDal，因为我数据访问层接口都已定义好。
界面和控件的设计美化
总体思路和流程---数据库Oracle
数据库既然选择了Oracle，当然先必须安装好Oracle,然后再装Plsql，这一步也是很简单的。不清楚的话，可去查找资料。
对Oracle而言，数据库已服务形式存在，有几个数据库就对应几个服务，删除了数据库后相应的服务也没了，其次一个兼容程序监听着服务。这些都可以自行配置，我不啰嗦了，毕竟我也不熟。我把Oracle脚本导出了，大家只要复制到Commad Window里粘贴即可，但前期创建表空间和用户我还是稍微提一下：
- 首先用你用plsql连接一个服务（数据库Orcl），用Connect as SysDBA进入。
- 创建表空间：注意路径一定要已经存在。
create tablespace invoicing logging datafile 'C:\oracle\product\10.2.0\db_1\oradata\invoicing.dbf' size 32M autoextend on next 32M maxsize 1024M EXTENT MANAGEMENT LOCAL;
- 找到左下角侧用户(Users)，创建用户Invoicing，密码：Invoicing,分配权限：dba，connect
- 用新创建的用户名和密码重新登录。
- 找到Command Window，把我提供给你的脚本复制进去就OK了。
总体思路和流程---数据访问层IDAL
- 一个通用的泛型接口：
public interface IBaseService<T> where T :class { List<T> GetEntities(string sqlWhere); T GetOneEntityByID(int id); T AddEntity(T entity); bool UpdateEntity(T entity); bool DeleteEntity(string sqlWhere); }
- 某个数据访问层接口实继承这个泛型接口
public interface ICommodityService:IBaseService<Model.CommodityModel> { }
总体思路和流程---抽象工厂Abstract
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public abstract class DalFactory { public abstract IDAL.ICommodityService CommdityDal { get; } public abstract IDAL.IPurchaseCommodityService PurchaseCommdityDal { get; } public abstract IDAL.IPurchaseOrdersService PurchaseOrderDal { get; } public abstract IDAL.ISalesCommodityService SalesCommodityDal { get; } public abstract IDAL.ISalesOrdersService SalesOrderDal { get; } public abstract IDAL.IUserService UserDal { get; } }
总体思路和流程---数据访问层Dal
- 为了提高效率，可以考虑缓存
public override IDAL.ICommodityService CommdityDal { //缓存里拿 get { OracleDAL.CommodityService instance = System.Web.HttpRuntime.Cache["CommodityDal"] as OracleDAL.CommodityService; if (instance == null) { instance = new OracleDAL.CommodityService(); System.Web.HttpRuntime.Cache.Add("CommodityDal", instance, null, System.Web.Caching.Cache.NoAbsoluteExpiration, System.Web.Caching.Cache.NoSlidingExpiration, System.Web.Caching.CacheItemPriority.Normal, null); } return instance; } }
- OracleHelper和System.Data.OracleClient来实现数据访问层
namespace Insigma.Eyes.PSS.OracleDAL { public class CommodityService:ICommodityService { public List<Model.CommodityModel> GetEntities(string sqlWhere) { string sql = string.Format("select * from commodity where 1=1 {0}",sqlWhere); List<Model.CommodityModel> listCommodities = new List<Model.CommodityModel>(); //Using 限定对象使用的范围在花括号里面，出了花括号后释放资源 using (OracleDataReader odr=OracleHelper.ExecuteReader(OracleHelper.ConnectionString, CommandType.Text, sql, null)) { while (odr.Read()) { Model.CommodityModel commodity = new Model.CommodityModel(); commodity.ID = odr.GetInt32(0); commodity.Name = odr.IsDBNull(1) ? "" : odr.GetString(1); commodity.Type = odr.IsDBNull(2) ? "" : odr.GetString(2); commodity.Manufacturer = odr.IsDBNull(3) ? "" : odr.GetString(3); commodity.Inventory = odr.IsDBNull(4) ? 0 : odr.GetInt32(4); commodity.UnitPrice = odr.IsDBNull(5) ? 0 : odr.GetDecimal(5); commodity.Unit = odr.IsDBNull(6) ? "" : odr.GetString(6); listCommodities.Add(commodity); } } return listCommodities; } public Model.CommodityModel GetOneEntityByID(int id) { string sqlWhere = string.Format(" and id={0}",id); List<Model.CommodityModel> list = GetEntities(sqlWhere); return list.SingleOrDefault(c => c.ID == id); } private int GetNewID() { string sql = "select s_commodity.nextval from dual"; return int.Parse(OracleHelper.ExecuteScalar(OracleHelper.ConnectionString,CommandType.Text,sql,null).ToString()); } public Model.CommodityModel AddEntity(Model.CommodityModel entity) { entity.ID = GetNewID(); string sql = string.Format(@"insert into Commodity(ID,Name,Type,Manufacturer,Inventory,UnitPrice,Unit) values({0},'{1}','{2}','{3}',{4},{5},'{6}')", entity.ID, entity.Name, entity.Type, entity.Manufacturer, entity.Inventory, entity.UnitPrice, entity.UnitPrice); if (OracleHelper.ExecuteNonQuery(OracleHelper.ConnectionString,CommandType.Text,sql,null)>0) { return entity; } else { return null; } } public bool UpdateEntity(Model.CommodityModel entity) { string sql = string.Format("update Commodity set Name='{0}',Type='{1}',Manufacturer='{2}',Inventory={3},UnitPrice={4},Unit='{5}' where ID={6}", entity.Name, entity.Type, entity.Manufacturer, entity.Inventory, entity.UnitPrice, entity.Unit, entity.ID); return OracleHelper.ExecuteNonQuery(OracleHelper.ConnectionString,CommandType.Text,sql,null)>0; } public bool DeleteEntity(string sqlWhere) { string sql = string.Format("delete form Commodity where 1=1 {0}",sqlWhere); return OracleHelper.ExecuteNonQuery(OracleHelper.ConnectionString, CommandType.Text, sql, null) > 0; } } }
总体思路和流程---业务逻辑层WCF
- wcf是什么，最简单理解就是接口，契约，当然你可以更加深入研究。我学的也不深。
namespace Insigma.Eyes.PSS.BLLWCFService { // 注意: 使用“重构”菜单上的“重命名”命令，可以同时更改代码和配置文件中的接口名“ICommodityManagerService”。 [ServiceContract] public interface ICommodityManagerService { [OperationContract] [FaultContract(typeof(Exception))] CommodityModel[] GetCommodities(string name,string type,string manufacturer,string priceLow,string priceHigh); [OperationContract] CommodityModel[] GetCommoditiesByCondition(string condition); [OperationContract] CommodityModel GetOneCommodity(int id); [OperationContract] [FaultContract(typeof(Exception))] CommodityModel AddCommodity(CommodityModel oneCommodity); [OperationContract] [FaultContract(typeof(Exception))] bool UpdateCommodity(Model.CommodityModel commodity); } }
- 实现上面定义的接口契约：
public class PurchaseManagerService : IPurchaseManagerService { // private AbstractFactory.DalFactory dataFactory = null; public PurchaseManagerService() { dataFactory = DefaultProviderDal.DefaultDataProviderFactory; } public Model.PurchaseOrdersModel[] GetPurchaseOrders(string orderNumber, string orderDateStart, string orderDateEnd, string status) { string sqlWhere = ""; if (!string.IsNullOrWhiteSpace(orderNumber)) { sqlWhere += string.Format(" and orderNumber like '%{0}%'", orderNumber); } if (!string.IsNullOrWhiteSpace(orderDateStart)) { try { DateTime dt = DateTime.Parse(orderDateStart); sqlWhere += string.Format(" and orderDate>=to_date('{0}','yyyy-MM-dd')", dt.ToString("yyyy-MM-dd")); } catch { Exception oe = new Exception(); throw new FaultException<Exception>(oe, "查询条件开始时间有误!"); } } if (!string.IsNullOrWhiteSpace(orderDateEnd)) { try { DateTime dt = DateTime.Parse(orderDateEnd); sqlWhere += string.Format(" and orderDate<=to_date('{0}','yyyy-MM-dd')", dt.ToString("yyyy-MM-dd")); } catch { Exception oe = new Exception(); throw new FaultException<Exception>(oe, "查询条件截至时间有误!"); } } if (!string.IsNullOrWhiteSpace(status)) { sqlWhere += string.Format(" and Status='{0}'", status); } //IDAL.IPurchaseOrdersService purchaseOrdersService = new OracleDAL.PurchaseOrderService(); //return purchaseOrdersService.GetEntities(sqlWhere).ToArray(); return dataFactory.PurchaseOrderDal.GetEntities(sqlWhere).ToArray(); } public Model.PurchaseCommodityModel[] GetPurchaseCommoditiesByID(int purchaseID) { string sqlWhere = string.Format(" and PurchaseOrderID={0}",purchaseID);//看看数据库里面的字段 //IDAL.IPurchaseCommodityService purchaseCommodityService =new OracleDAL.PurchaseCommodityService(); //return purchaseCommodityService.GetEntities(sqlWhere).ToArray(); return dataFactory.PurchaseCommdityDal.GetEntities(sqlWhere).ToArray(); } public Model.PurchaseCommodityModel AddPurchaseCommodityModel(Model.PurchaseCommodityModel onePurchaseCommodity) { //return new OracleDAL.PurchaseCommodityService().AddEntity(onePurchaseCommodity); return dataFactory.PurchaseCommdityDal.AddEntity(onePurchaseCommodity); } //几个ID要分清楚 public bool PostPurchaseOrder(int id) { Model.PurchaseOrdersModel oneOrder=GetOnePurchaseOrder(id); if (oneOrder.Status.Equals("已入库")) { Exception oe = new Exception(); throw new FaultException<Exception>(oe,"订单已经提交，请务重复提交"); } List<Model.PurchaseCommodityModel> purchaseCommoditiesList = GetPurchaseCommoditiesByID(id).ToList(); IDAL.ICommodityService commodityService = new OracleDAL.CommodityService(); foreach (Model.PurchaseCommodityModel onePurchaseCommodity in purchaseCommoditiesList) { Model.CommodityModel commodityModel = new Model.CommodityModel(); commodityModel.ID = onePurchaseCommodity.CommodityID; commodityModel.Manufacturer = onePurchaseCommodity.CommodityManufacturer; commodityModel.Name = onePurchaseCommodity.CommodityName; commodityModel.Type = onePurchaseCommodity.CommodityType; commodityModel.Unit = onePurchaseCommodity.CommodityUnit; commodityModel.UnitPrice = onePurchaseCommodity.CommodityUnitPrice; commodityModel.Inventory = onePurchaseCommodity.CommodityInventory + onePurchaseCommodity.Count; //这儿不会出现异常了吧，否则要回滚 commodityService.UpdateEntity(commodityModel); } oneOrder.Status = "已入库"; return new OracleDAL.PurchaseOrderService().UpdateEntity(oneOrder); } public Model.PurchaseOrdersModel GetOnePurchaseOrder(int id) { //return new OracleDAL.PurchaseOrderService().GetOneEntityByID(id); return dataFactory.PurchaseOrderDal.GetOneEntityByID(id); } public Model.PurchaseCommodityModel GetOnePurchaseCommoditiesByID(int purchaseCommodityID) { //return new OracleDAL.PurchaseCommodityService().GetOneEntityByID(purchaseCommodityID); return dataFactory.PurchaseCommdityDal.GetOneEntityByID(purchaseCommodityID); } public bool UpdatePurchaseCommodity(Model.PurchaseCommodityModel model) { //return new OracleDAL.PurchaseCommodityService().UpdateEntity(model); return dataFactory.PurchaseCommdityDal.UpdateEntity(model); } public bool DeletePurchaseCommodity(int id) { string sqlWhere = " and id=" + id; //return new OracleDAL.PurchaseCommodityService().DeleteEntity(sqlWhere); return dataFactory.PurchaseCommdityDal.DeleteEntity(sqlWhere); } public Model.PurchaseOrdersModel AddPurchaseOrder(Model.PurchaseOrdersModel purchaseOrder) { //return new OracleDAL.PurchaseOrderService().AddEntity(purchaseOrder); return dataFactory.PurchaseOrderDal.AddEntity(purchaseOrder); } public bool UpdatePurchaseOrder(Model.PurchaseOrdersModel onePurchaseOrder) { //return new OracleDAL.PurchaseOrderService().UpdateEntity(onePurchaseOrder); return dataFactory.PurchaseOrderDal.UpdateEntity(onePurchaseOrder); } public bool DeletePurchaseCommoditiesByPurchaseOrderID(int purchaseOrderID) { string sqlWhere = " and PurchaseOrderID=" + purchaseOrderID; //调用另一个模块，调用BLL比较好 //return new OracleDAL.PurchaseCommodityService().DeleteEntity(sqlWhere); return dataFactory.PurchaseCommdityDal.DeleteEntity(sqlWhere); } public bool DeleteOrderID(int id) { string sqlWhere = string.Format(" and id={0}", id); //return new OracleDAL.PurchaseOrderService().DeleteEntity(sqlWhere); return dataFactory.PurchaseOrderDal.DeleteEntity(sqlWhere); } } }
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dataFactory = DefaultProviderDal.DefaultDataProviderFactory;其实是个单利，我只要反射出一次工厂足以。
public class DefaultProviderDal { private static AbstractFactory.DalFactory instance = null; static DefaultProviderDal() { //string filePath = HttpContext.Current.Server.MapPath("~/DataProvider"); string filePath = System.AppDomain.CurrentDomain.SetupInformation.ApplicationBase; string dllFileName = System.Configuration.ConfigurationManager.AppSettings["DataProviderDllFile"]; string dalFactoryClassName = System.Configuration.ConfigurationManager.AppSettings["DataProviderFactoryName"]; System.Reflection.Assembly dll = System.Reflection.Assembly.LoadFile(filePath + "DataProvider\\" + dllFileName); instance = dll.CreateInstance(dalFactoryClassName) as AbstractFactory.DalFactory; } public DefaultProviderDal() { } public static AbstractFactory.DalFactory DefaultDataProviderFactory { get { return instance; } } }
总体思路和流程---UI
- 对WCF而言，实例化对象越多(如CommodityManagerServiceClient类的实例)，对服务器压力越大，所以也可以考虑单利。
public class WCFServiceBLL { //对WCF而言，对象实例化越多，对服务器压力越大。 static BLLCommodity.CommodityManagerServiceClient commodityClient; static BLLSalesOrders.SalesManagerServiceClient salesClient; static BLLUsers.UserManagerServiceClient userClient; static BLLPurchaseOrders.PurchaseManagerServiceClient purchaseClient; public static CommodityManagerServiceClient GetCommodityService() { if (commodityClient==null) { commodityClient = new CommodityManagerServiceClient(); } if (commodityClient.State==CommunicationState.Closed) { commodityClient = new CommodityManagerServiceClient(); } if (commodityClient.State==CommunicationState.Faulted) { commodityClient = new CommodityManagerServiceClient(); } return commodityClient;
补充
由于数据库之间的主外键关系以及多表查询，为了方便，我创建了视图，这和SqlServer里面是一样的(Oracle里面是Create Or Replace)，当然你也可以建立外键对象，我上个项目就是这么干的，当然ORM我们就不讨论了。
create or replace view v_purchasecommodity as select pc.id,pc.purchaseorderid,pc.commodityid,c.name CommodityName, c.type commodityType,c.manufacturer CommodityManufacturer,c.inventory CommodityInventory, c.unitprice CommodityUnitPrice,c.unit CommodityUnit,pc.count,pc.purchaseprice,pc.totalprice from purchasecommodity pc inner join commodity c on pc.commodityid = c.id;
再补充一点：Oracle的自动增长列并不是像SqlServer那样设置一下，就会自动增长，Oracle里面需要你自己创建Sequences,图形操作也行，命令也行，我导出的Oracle脚本里面已经包含了相应的Sequences,应该可以看懂的。其余差别不大，相信你能看懂。
create sequence INVOICING.S_USERS minvalue 1 maxvalue 999999999999999999999999999 start with 1 increment by 1 cache 20;
关于界面美化的一些心得：
Winform程序功能很重要，但能提高用户体验那是最完美的，所以我用了一些图标，设置相应的大小，当然用户控件也是很重要的一部分，用户控件嵌套在窗体里面是很简单的：
public class LoadControls { public static void LoadInventory(Control parent) { parent.Controls.Clear(); Inventory inventory = new Inventory(); inventory.Dock = DockStyle.Fill; parent.Controls.Add(inventory); } public static void LoadPurchase(Control parent) { parent.Controls.Clear(); Purchase purchase = new Purchase(); purchase.Dock = DockStyle.Fill; parent.Controls.Add(purchase); } public static void LoadSales(Control parent) { parent.Controls.Clear(); Sales sales = new Sales(); sales.Dock = DockStyle.Fill; parent.Controls.Add(sales); }
总结
没有什么犹豫就写完了这篇博文，我把源代码贡献出来，当然这个例子只为学习，有需要的兄弟们可以拿去参考参考，大家多交流交流，才会相互促进进步，如果您觉得满意的话，不放支持我一下，帮忙顶个，有动力才有精力写出更好的博客，3x:)
