C++之libcurl环境配置安装
C++之libcurl环境配置安装
前言
最近在折腾c++的网络通信, 又想具备跨平台这一特性的, 于是就选了curl这个网络库来使用
curl与libcurl的区别
curl是基于libcurl做出来的一个工具, 可以运行在各个平台
libcurl是一个库来的, curl的底层就是对这个库进行封装开发, 如果想在自己的项目中使用网络通信, 还得导入这个库到项目中
Install libcurl on Linux
以ubuntu-20.04举例, libcurl有三个包可以选择, 分别为以下三个
libcurl4-gnutls-dev
libcurl4-nss-dev
libcurl4-openssl-dev
- 这三个包有什么区别呢?
- 进行https访问时的ssl协议库用的不一样, 分别用的
gnutls,nss,openssl
这里选择openssl的安装, 等待安装完成即可使用了~
sudo apt install libcurl4-openssl-dev libcurl4-doc libidn11-dev libkrb5-dev libldap2-dev librtmp-dev libssh2-1-dev libssl-dev zlib1g-dev
如果不选择上述方法安装, 还可以下载源码到本地编译安装
wget https://curl.se/download/curl-7.85.0.tar.gz
tar -vxzf curl-7.85.0.tar.gz
cd curl-7.85.0
./configure --with-openssl
make
make install
具体可以参考 https://github.com/curl/curl/blob/master/docs/INSTALL.md#unix
Install libcurl on Windows
windows平台无论用的是visual studio还是visual studio code 包管理我都推荐用vcpkg
git clone https://github.com/Microsoft/vcpkg.git
cd vcpkg
./bootstrap-vcpkg.sh
./vcpkg integrate install
./vcpkg install libcurl:x64-windows
不指定平台的话默认是x32的, 如果想设置默认平台, 可以添加环境变量export VCPKG_DEFAULT_TRIPLET=x64-windows
源码例子
/***************************************************************************
* _ _ ____ _
* Project ___| | | | _ \| |
* / __| | | | |_) | |
* | (__| |_| | _ <| |___
* \___|\___/|_| \_\_____|
*
* Copyright (C) 1998 - 2022, Daniel Stenberg, <daniel@haxx.se>, et al.
*
* This software is licensed as described in the file COPYING, which
* you should have received as part of this distribution. The terms
* are also available at https://curl.se/docs/copyright.html.
*
* You may opt to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute and/or sell
* copies of the Software, and permit persons to whom the Software is
* furnished to do so, under the terms of the COPYING file.
*
* This software is distributed on an "AS IS" basis, WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY
* KIND, either express or implied.
*
* SPDX-License-Identifier: curl
*
***************************************************************************/
/* <DESC>
* Simple HTTPS GET
* </DESC>
*/
#include <stdio.h>
#include <curl/curl.h>
int main(void)
{
CURL *curl;
CURLcode res;
curl_global_init(CURL_GLOBAL_DEFAULT);
curl = curl_easy_init();
if(curl) {
curl_easy_setopt(curl, CURLOPT_URL, "https://www.baidu.com/");
#ifdef SKIP_PEER_VERIFICATION
/*
* If you want to connect to a site who is not using a certificate that is
* signed by one of the certs in the CA bundle you have, you can skip the
* verification of the server's certificate. This makes the connection
* A LOT LESS SECURE.
*
* If you have a CA cert for the server stored someplace else than in the
* default bundle, then the CURLOPT_CAPATH option might come handy for
* you.
*/
curl_easy_setopt(curl, CURLOPT_SSL_VERIFYPEER, 0L);
#endif
#ifdef SKIP_HOSTNAME_VERIFICATION
/*
* If the site you are connecting to uses a different host name that what
* they have mentioned in their server certificate's commonName (or
* subjectAltName) fields, libcurl will refuse to connect. You can skip
* this check, but this will make the connection less secure.
*/
curl_easy_setopt(curl, CURLOPT_SSL_VERIFYHOST, 0L);
#endif
/* Perform the request, res will get the return code */
res = curl_easy_perform(curl);
/* Check for errors */
if(res != CURLE_OK)
fprintf(stderr, "curl_easy_perform() failed: %s\n",
curl_easy_strerror(res));
/* always cleanup */
curl_easy_cleanup(curl);
}
curl_global_cleanup();
return 0;
}
更多例子可以参考:
其他的网络库
还有很多与curl功能一样的库, 比如: (排名不分先后)
