调用API捕获屏幕图像
捕获屏幕图像俗称抓屏,在http://cnblogs.com/spidertan/archive/2004/09/03/39362.aspx提供了C#的版本,本文提供VB.NET和C#两个语言版本的代码(ScreenCapture.VB和ScreenCapture.CS),主要功能就是捕获屏幕或者窗口上的图象。
http://www.codeguru.com/code/legacy/cs_graphics/CaptureScreenDemo.zip提供了完整的工程代码,但跟本文没有关系,仅仅提供下载资源。
用ScreenCapture这个类特别简单,该类有四个方法:
public Image CaptureScreen()
捕获整个屏幕的图象public Image CaptureWindow(IntPtr handle)
捕获窗口上的图象public void CaptureWindowToFile(IntPtr handle, string filename, ImageFormat format)
捕获窗口图像并且保存为一个文件public void CaptureScreenToFile(string filename, ImageFormat format)
捕获整个屏幕的图像并且保存为一个文件
示例与快速入门
VB.NET
Dim sc As New ScreenCapture()
' 捕获整个屏幕的图象
Dim img As Image = sc.CaptureScreen()
' 在ID为imageDisplay的Picture控件显示图像
Me.imageDisplay.Image = img
' 捕获窗口图像并且保存为一个文件
sc.CaptureWindowToFile(Me.Handle, "C: emp2.gif", ImageFormat.Gif)
' 捕获整个屏幕的图象
Dim img As Image = sc.CaptureScreen()
' 在ID为imageDisplay的Picture控件显示图像
Me.imageDisplay.Image = img
' 捕获窗口图像并且保存为一个文件
sc.CaptureWindowToFile(Me.Handle, "C: emp2.gif", ImageFormat.Gif)
C#
ScreenCapture sc = new ScreenCapture();
// 捕获整个屏幕的图象
Image img = sc.CaptureScreen();
// 在ID为imageDisplay的Picture控件显示图像
this.imageDisplay.Image = img;
// 捕获窗口图像并且保存为一个文件
sc.CaptureWindowToFile(this.Handle,"C:\temp2.gif",ImageFormat.Gif);
ScreenCapture类的代码
VB.NET
Imports System
Imports System.Runtime.InteropServices
Imports System.Drawing
Imports System.Drawing.Imaging
Namespace ScreenShotDemo
_
'/ <summary>
'/ Provides functions to capture the entire screen, or a particular window, and save it to a file.
'/ </summary>
Public Class ScreenCapture
'/ <summary>
'/ Creates an Image object containing a screen shot of the entire desktop
'/ </summary>
'/ <returns></returns>
Public Function CaptureScreen() As Image
Return CaptureWindow(User32.GetDesktopWindow())
End Function 'CaptureScreen
'/ <summary>
'/ Creates an Image object containing a screen shot of a specific window
'/ </summary>
'/ <param name="handle">The handle to the window. (In windows forms, this is obtained by the Handle property)</param>
'/ <returns></returns>
Public Function CaptureWindow(handle As IntPtr) As Image
' get te hDC of the target window
Dim hdcSrc As IntPtr = User32.GetWindowDC(handle)
' get the size
Dim windowRect As New User32.RECT()
User32.GetWindowRect(handle, windowRect)
Dim width As Integer = windowRect.right - windowRect.left
Dim height As Integer = windowRect.bottom - windowRect.top
' create a device context we can copy to
Dim hdcDest As IntPtr = GDI32.CreateCompatibleDC(hdcSrc)
' create a bitmap we can copy it to,
' using GetDeviceCaps to get the width/height
Dim hBitmap As IntPtr = GDI32.CreateCompatibleBitmap(hdcSrc, width, height)
' select the bitmap object
Dim hOld As IntPtr = GDI32.SelectObject(hdcDest, hBitmap)
' bitblt over
GDI32.BitBlt(hdcDest, 0, 0, width, height, hdcSrc, 0, 0, GDI32.SRCCOPY)
' restore selection
GDI32.SelectObject(hdcDest, hOld)
' clean up
GDI32.DeleteDC(hdcDest)
User32.ReleaseDC(handle, hdcSrc)
' get a .NET image object for it
Dim img As Image = Image.FromHbitmap(hBitmap)
' free up the Bitmap object
GDI32.DeleteObject(hBitmap)
Return img
End Function 'CaptureWindow
'/ <summary>
'/ Captures a screen shot of a specific window, and saves it to a file
'/ </summary>
'/ <param name="handle"></param>
'/ <param name="filename"></param>
'/ <param name="format"></param>
Public Sub CaptureWindowToFile(handle As IntPtr, filename As String, format As ImageFormat)
Dim img As Image = CaptureWindow(handle)
img.Save(filename, format)
End Sub 'CaptureWindowToFile
'/ <summary>
'/ Captures a screen shot of the entire desktop, and saves it to a file
'/ </summary>
'/ <param name="filename"></param>
'/ <param name="format"></param>
Public Sub CaptureScreenToFile(filename As String, format As ImageFormat)
Dim img As Image = CaptureScreen()
img.Save(filename, format)
End Sub 'CaptureScreenToFile
_
'/ <summary>
'/ Helper class containing Gdi32 API functions
'/ </summary>
Private Class GDI32
Public SRCCOPY As Integer = &HCC0020
' BitBlt dwRop parameter
Public Shared<DllImport("gdi32.dll")> _
Function BitBlt(hObject As IntPtr, nXDest As Integer, nYDest As Integer, nWidth As Integer, nHeight As Integer, hObjectSource As IntPtr, nXSrc As Integer, nYSrc As Integer, dwRop As Integer) As Boolean
Public Shared<DllImport("gdi32.dll")> _
Function CreateCompatibleBitmap(hDC As IntPtr, nWidth As Integer, nHeight As Integer) As IntPtr
Public Shared<DllImport("gdi32.dll")> _
Function CreateCompatibleDC(hDC As IntPtr) As IntPtr
Public Shared<DllImport("gdi32.dll")> _
Function DeleteDC(hDC As IntPtr) As Boolean
Public Shared<DllImport("gdi32.dll")> _
Function DeleteObject(hObject As IntPtr) As Boolean
Public Shared<DllImport("gdi32.dll")> _
Function SelectObject(hDC As IntPtr, hObject As IntPtr) As IntPtr
End Class 'GDI32
_
'/ <summary>
'/ Helper class containing User32 API functions
'/ </summary>
Private Class User32
<StructLayout(LayoutKind.Sequential)> _
Public Structure RECT
Public left As Integer
Public top As Integer
Public right As Integer
Public bottom As Integer
End Structure 'RECT
Public Shared<DllImport("user32.dll")> _
Function GetDesktopWindow() As IntPtr
Public Shared<DllImport("user32.dll")> _
Function GetWindowDC(hWnd As IntPtr) As IntPtr
Public Shared<DllImport("user32.dll")> _
Function ReleaseDC(hWnd As IntPtr, hDC As IntPtr) As IntPtr
Public Shared<DllImport("user32.dll")> _
Function GetWindowRect(hWnd As IntPtr, ByRef rect As RECT) As IntPtr
End Class 'User32
End Class 'ScreenCapture
End Namespace 'ScreenShotDemo
Imports System.Runtime.InteropServices
Imports System.Drawing
Imports System.Drawing.Imaging
Namespace ScreenShotDemo
_
'/ <summary>
'/ Provides functions to capture the entire screen, or a particular window, and save it to a file.
'/ </summary>
Public Class ScreenCapture
'/ <summary>
'/ Creates an Image object containing a screen shot of the entire desktop
'/ </summary>
'/ <returns></returns>
Public Function CaptureScreen() As Image
Return CaptureWindow(User32.GetDesktopWindow())
End Function 'CaptureScreen
'/ <summary>
'/ Creates an Image object containing a screen shot of a specific window
'/ </summary>
'/ <param name="handle">The handle to the window. (In windows forms, this is obtained by the Handle property)</param>
'/ <returns></returns>
Public Function CaptureWindow(handle As IntPtr) As Image
' get te hDC of the target window
Dim hdcSrc As IntPtr = User32.GetWindowDC(handle)
' get the size
Dim windowRect As New User32.RECT()
User32.GetWindowRect(handle, windowRect)
Dim width As Integer = windowRect.right - windowRect.left
Dim height As Integer = windowRect.bottom - windowRect.top
' create a device context we can copy to
Dim hdcDest As IntPtr = GDI32.CreateCompatibleDC(hdcSrc)
' create a bitmap we can copy it to,
' using GetDeviceCaps to get the width/height
Dim hBitmap As IntPtr = GDI32.CreateCompatibleBitmap(hdcSrc, width, height)
' select the bitmap object
Dim hOld As IntPtr = GDI32.SelectObject(hdcDest, hBitmap)
' bitblt over
GDI32.BitBlt(hdcDest, 0, 0, width, height, hdcSrc, 0, 0, GDI32.SRCCOPY)
' restore selection
GDI32.SelectObject(hdcDest, hOld)
' clean up
GDI32.DeleteDC(hdcDest)
User32.ReleaseDC(handle, hdcSrc)
' get a .NET image object for it
Dim img As Image = Image.FromHbitmap(hBitmap)
' free up the Bitmap object
GDI32.DeleteObject(hBitmap)
Return img
End Function 'CaptureWindow
'/ <summary>
'/ Captures a screen shot of a specific window, and saves it to a file
'/ </summary>
'/ <param name="handle"></param>
'/ <param name="filename"></param>
'/ <param name="format"></param>
Public Sub CaptureWindowToFile(handle As IntPtr, filename As String, format As ImageFormat)
Dim img As Image = CaptureWindow(handle)
img.Save(filename, format)
End Sub 'CaptureWindowToFile
'/ <summary>
'/ Captures a screen shot of the entire desktop, and saves it to a file
'/ </summary>
'/ <param name="filename"></param>
'/ <param name="format"></param>
Public Sub CaptureScreenToFile(filename As String, format As ImageFormat)
Dim img As Image = CaptureScreen()
img.Save(filename, format)
End Sub 'CaptureScreenToFile
_
'/ <summary>
'/ Helper class containing Gdi32 API functions
'/ </summary>
Private Class GDI32
Public SRCCOPY As Integer = &HCC0020
' BitBlt dwRop parameter
Public Shared<DllImport("gdi32.dll")> _
Function BitBlt(hObject As IntPtr, nXDest As Integer, nYDest As Integer, nWidth As Integer, nHeight As Integer, hObjectSource As IntPtr, nXSrc As Integer, nYSrc As Integer, dwRop As Integer) As Boolean
Public Shared<DllImport("gdi32.dll")> _
Function CreateCompatibleBitmap(hDC As IntPtr, nWidth As Integer, nHeight As Integer) As IntPtr
Public Shared<DllImport("gdi32.dll")> _
Function CreateCompatibleDC(hDC As IntPtr) As IntPtr
Public Shared<DllImport("gdi32.dll")> _
Function DeleteDC(hDC As IntPtr) As Boolean
Public Shared<DllImport("gdi32.dll")> _
Function DeleteObject(hObject As IntPtr) As Boolean
Public Shared<DllImport("gdi32.dll")> _
Function SelectObject(hDC As IntPtr, hObject As IntPtr) As IntPtr
End Class 'GDI32
_
'/ <summary>
'/ Helper class containing User32 API functions
'/ </summary>
Private Class User32
<StructLayout(LayoutKind.Sequential)> _
Public Structure RECT
Public left As Integer
Public top As Integer
Public right As Integer
Public bottom As Integer
End Structure 'RECT
Public Shared<DllImport("user32.dll")> _
Function GetDesktopWindow() As IntPtr
Public Shared<DllImport("user32.dll")> _
Function GetWindowDC(hWnd As IntPtr) As IntPtr
Public Shared<DllImport("user32.dll")> _
Function ReleaseDC(hWnd As IntPtr, hDC As IntPtr) As IntPtr
Public Shared<DllImport("user32.dll")> _
Function GetWindowRect(hWnd As IntPtr, ByRef rect As RECT) As IntPtr
End Class 'User32
End Class 'ScreenCapture
End Namespace 'ScreenShotDemo
C#
using System;
using System.Runtime.InteropServices;
using System.Drawing;
using System.Drawing.Imaging;
namespace ScreenShotDemo
{
/// <summary>
/// Provides functions to capture the entire screen, or a particular window, and save it to a file.
/// </summary>
public class ScreenCapture
{
/// <summary>
/// Creates an Image object containing a screen shot of the entire desktop
/// </summary>
/// <returns></returns>
public Image CaptureScreen()
{
return CaptureWindow( User32.GetDesktopWindow() );
}
/// <summary>
/// Creates an Image object containing a screen shot of a specific window
/// </summary>
/// <param name="handle">The handle to the window. (In windows forms, this is obtained by the Handle property)</param>
/// <returns></returns>
public Image CaptureWindow(IntPtr handle)
{
// get te hDC of the target window
IntPtr hdcSrc = User32.GetWindowDC(handle);
// get the size
User32.RECT windowRect = new User32.RECT();
User32.GetWindowRect(handle,ref windowRect);
int width = windowRect.right - windowRect.left;
int height = windowRect.bottom - windowRect.top;
// create a device context we can copy to
IntPtr hdcDest = GDI32.CreateCompatibleDC(hdcSrc);
// create a bitmap we can copy it to,
// using GetDeviceCaps to get the width/height
IntPtr hBitmap = GDI32.CreateCompatibleBitmap(hdcSrc,width,height);
// select the bitmap object
IntPtr hOld = GDI32.SelectObject(hdcDest,hBitmap);
// bitblt over
GDI32.BitBlt(hdcDest,0,0,width,height,hdcSrc,0,0,GDI32.SRCCOPY);
// restore selection
GDI32.SelectObject(hdcDest,hOld);
// clean up
GDI32.DeleteDC(hdcDest);
User32.ReleaseDC(handle,hdcSrc);
// get a .NET image object for it
Image img = Image.FromHbitmap(hBitmap);
// free up the Bitmap object
GDI32.DeleteObject(hBitmap);
return img;
}
/// <summary>
/// Captures a screen shot of a specific window, and saves it to a file
/// </summary>
/// <param name="handle"></param>
/// <param name="filename"></param>
/// <param name="format"></param>
public void CaptureWindowToFile(IntPtr handle, string filename, ImageFormat format)
{
Image img = CaptureWindow(handle);
img.Save(filename,format);
}
/// <summary>
/// Captures a screen shot of the entire desktop, and saves it to a file
/// </summary>
/// <param name="filename"></param>
/// <param name="format"></param>
public void CaptureScreenToFile(string filename, ImageFormat format)
{
Image img = CaptureScreen();
img.Save(filename,format);
}
/// <summary>
/// Helper class containing Gdi32 API functions
/// </summary>
private class GDI32
{
public const int SRCCOPY = 0x00CC0020; // BitBlt dwRop parameter
[DllImport("gdi32.dll")]
public static extern bool BitBlt(IntPtr hObject,int nXDest,int nYDest,
int nWidth,int nHeight,IntPtr hObjectSource,
int nXSrc,int nYSrc,int dwRop);
[DllImport("gdi32.dll")]
public static extern IntPtr CreateCompatibleBitmap(IntPtr hDC,int nWidth,
int nHeight);
[DllImport("gdi32.dll")]
public static extern IntPtr CreateCompatibleDC(IntPtr hDC);
[DllImport("gdi32.dll")]
public static extern bool DeleteDC(IntPtr hDC);
[DllImport("gdi32.dll")]
public static extern bool DeleteObject(IntPtr hObject);
[DllImport("gdi32.dll")]
public static extern IntPtr SelectObject(IntPtr hDC,IntPtr hObject);
}
/// <summary>
/// Helper class containing User32 API functions
/// </summary>
private class User32
{
[StructLayout(LayoutKind.Sequential)]
public struct RECT
{
public int left;
public int top;
public int right;
public int bottom;
}
[DllImport("user32.dll")]
public static extern IntPtr GetDesktopWindow();
[DllImport("user32.dll")]
public static extern IntPtr GetWindowDC(IntPtr hWnd);
[DllImport("user32.dll")]
public static extern IntPtr ReleaseDC(IntPtr hWnd,IntPtr hDC);
[DllImport("user32.dll")]
public static extern IntPtr GetWindowRect(IntPtr hWnd,ref RECT rect);
}
}
}
using System.Runtime.InteropServices;
using System.Drawing;
using System.Drawing.Imaging;
namespace ScreenShotDemo
{
/// <summary>
/// Provides functions to capture the entire screen, or a particular window, and save it to a file.
/// </summary>
public class ScreenCapture
{
/// <summary>
/// Creates an Image object containing a screen shot of the entire desktop
/// </summary>
/// <returns></returns>
public Image CaptureScreen()
{
return CaptureWindow( User32.GetDesktopWindow() );
}
/// <summary>
/// Creates an Image object containing a screen shot of a specific window
/// </summary>
/// <param name="handle">The handle to the window. (In windows forms, this is obtained by the Handle property)</param>
/// <returns></returns>
public Image CaptureWindow(IntPtr handle)
{
// get te hDC of the target window
IntPtr hdcSrc = User32.GetWindowDC(handle);
// get the size
User32.RECT windowRect = new User32.RECT();
User32.GetWindowRect(handle,ref windowRect);
int width = windowRect.right - windowRect.left;
int height = windowRect.bottom - windowRect.top;
// create a device context we can copy to
IntPtr hdcDest = GDI32.CreateCompatibleDC(hdcSrc);
// create a bitmap we can copy it to,
// using GetDeviceCaps to get the width/height
IntPtr hBitmap = GDI32.CreateCompatibleBitmap(hdcSrc,width,height);
// select the bitmap object
IntPtr hOld = GDI32.SelectObject(hdcDest,hBitmap);
// bitblt over
GDI32.BitBlt(hdcDest,0,0,width,height,hdcSrc,0,0,GDI32.SRCCOPY);
// restore selection
GDI32.SelectObject(hdcDest,hOld);
// clean up
GDI32.DeleteDC(hdcDest);
User32.ReleaseDC(handle,hdcSrc);
// get a .NET image object for it
Image img = Image.FromHbitmap(hBitmap);
// free up the Bitmap object
GDI32.DeleteObject(hBitmap);
return img;
}
/// <summary>
/// Captures a screen shot of a specific window, and saves it to a file
/// </summary>
/// <param name="handle"></param>
/// <param name="filename"></param>
/// <param name="format"></param>
public void CaptureWindowToFile(IntPtr handle, string filename, ImageFormat format)
{
Image img = CaptureWindow(handle);
img.Save(filename,format);
}
/// <summary>
/// Captures a screen shot of the entire desktop, and saves it to a file
/// </summary>
/// <param name="filename"></param>
/// <param name="format"></param>
public void CaptureScreenToFile(string filename, ImageFormat format)
{
Image img = CaptureScreen();
img.Save(filename,format);
}
/// <summary>
/// Helper class containing Gdi32 API functions
/// </summary>
private class GDI32
{
public const int SRCCOPY = 0x00CC0020; // BitBlt dwRop parameter
[DllImport("gdi32.dll")]
public static extern bool BitBlt(IntPtr hObject,int nXDest,int nYDest,
int nWidth,int nHeight,IntPtr hObjectSource,
int nXSrc,int nYSrc,int dwRop);
[DllImport("gdi32.dll")]
public static extern IntPtr CreateCompatibleBitmap(IntPtr hDC,int nWidth,
int nHeight);
[DllImport("gdi32.dll")]
public static extern IntPtr CreateCompatibleDC(IntPtr hDC);
[DllImport("gdi32.dll")]
public static extern bool DeleteDC(IntPtr hDC);
[DllImport("gdi32.dll")]
public static extern bool DeleteObject(IntPtr hObject);
[DllImport("gdi32.dll")]
public static extern IntPtr SelectObject(IntPtr hDC,IntPtr hObject);
}
/// <summary>
/// Helper class containing User32 API functions
/// </summary>
private class User32
{
[StructLayout(LayoutKind.Sequential)]
public struct RECT
{
public int left;
public int top;
public int right;
public int bottom;
}
[DllImport("user32.dll")]
public static extern IntPtr GetDesktopWindow();
[DllImport("user32.dll")]
public static extern IntPtr GetWindowDC(IntPtr hWnd);
[DllImport("user32.dll")]
public static extern IntPtr ReleaseDC(IntPtr hWnd,IntPtr hDC);
[DllImport("user32.dll")]
public static extern IntPtr GetWindowRect(IntPtr hWnd,ref RECT rect);
}
}
}