python 之 session鉴权的处理

一、session鉴权的处理

1. requests的会话对象

就像一个浏览器一样，它会在同一个会话中自动处理cookie信息，不需要写任何额外的代码。

import requests

 

 

session = requests.Session()  # 理解为就是一个浏览器

 

 

type(session)

 

 

requests.sessions.Session

 

 

session.post()# 登录
session.get() # 获取某个数据，会自动携带上一步收到的cookie

 

 

# 课堂派案例
headers = {'cookie': 'FZ_STROAGE.ketangpai.com=eyJTRUVTSU9OSUQiOiIzMTI5MjRiNTU2MzNmMDUxIiwiU0VFU0lPTkRBVEUiOjE2Mzk1NzA0NDQ3Njd9; ARK_ID=undefined; ketangpai_home_slb=3fbda3fc94d5d1be63720d9c156288d0; PHPSESSID=kmugv5id4lcecie33asikt3p96; ketangpai_home_remember=think%3A%7B%22username%22%3A%22MDAwMDAwMDAwMLV2x5eHz7dthN523LWtftmC0IDak4NubQ%22%2C%22expire%22%3A%22MDAwMDAwMDAwMLOGvd6IubtrhKiGl7G2dZ4%22%2C%22token%22%3A%22MDAwMDAwMDAwMMurrpWavLehhs1-lbO5hZWEzYfcepuomcWmmqaMiHtnr5ypzYWosKKZq6HQxtOK0ZCme5p-q6iZu2yrn4uNhJ3KedDYk7ivboS4jt6zuY2Ug6eDl36KYW0%22%2C%22sign%22%3A%2207f1bd0c97817e6d7ebe92bfe8e30fe9%22%7D',
          'user-agent': 'Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/94.0.4606.61 Safari/537.36'}
res = requests.get(url='https://v4.ketangpai.com/UserApi/getUserInfo')

 

 

res.status_code

 

 

200

 

 

res.cookies

 

 

<RequestsCookieJar[Cookie(version=0, name='PHPSESSID', value='krm5vua2f6f07m5rjipa0uti16', port=None, port_specified=False, domain='v4.ketangpai.com', domain_specified=False, domain_initial_dot=False, path='/', path_specified=True, secure=True, expires=None, discard=True, comment=None, comment_url=None, rest={'HttpOnly': None}, rfc2109=False), Cookie(version=0, name='ketangpai_home_slb', value='3fbda3fc94d5d1be63720d9c156288d0', port=None, port_specified=False, domain='v4.ketangpai.com', domain_specified=False, domain_initial_dot=False, path='/', path_specified=True, secure=True, expires=None, discard=True, comment=None, comment_url=None, rest={'httponly': None}, rfc2109=False)]>

 

 

res.json()

 

 

{'status': 0, 'info': '您还未登陆！'}

 

 

session = requests.Session() # 1. 创建一个session对象

 

 

# 2. 登录
login_url = 'https://v4.ketangpai.com/UserApi/login'
data = {'email': '877***9301@qq.com',
        'password': 'Pyt***inlan',
        'remember': 0}
# json data params
response = session.post(url=login_url, data=data)

 

 

session.cookies

 

 

<RequestsCookieJar[Cookie(version=0, name='PHPSESSID', value='5if12vo96vtulhfhr9bvu1nnr2', port=None, port_specified=False, domain='v4.ketangpai.com', domain_specified=False, domain_initial_dot=False, path='/', path_specified=True, secure=True, expires=None, discard=True, comment=None, comment_url=None, rest={'HttpOnly': None}, rfc2109=False), Cookie(version=0, name='ketangpai_home_remember', value='think%3A%7B%22username%22%3A%22MDAwMDAwMDAwMLV2x5eHz7dthN523LWtftmC0IDak4NubQ%22%2C%22expire%22%3A%22MDAwMDAwMDAwMLOGvd6IubtrhKigl7O2dZ4%22%2C%22token%22%3A%22MDAwMDAwMDAwMMurrpWavLehhs1-lbO5hZWEzYfcepuomcWmmqaMiHtnr5ypzYWosKKZq6HQxtOK0ZCme5p-q6iZu2yrn4uNhJ3KedDYk7ivboS4jt6zuY2Ug6edl4CKYW0%22%2C%22sign%22%3A%2298880a4b0ee67193316c6c40dd40441f%22%7D', port=None, port_specified=False, domain='v4.ketangpai.com', domain_specified=False, domain_initial_dot=False, path='/', path_specified=True, secure=True, expires=1639581779, discard=False, comment=None, comment_url=None, rest={'httponly': None}, rfc2109=False), Cookie(version=0, name='ketangpai_home_slb', value='3fbda3fc94d5d1be63720d9c156288d0', port=None, port_specified=False, domain='v4.ketangpai.com', domain_specified=False, domain_initial_dot=False, path='/', path_specified=True, secure=True, expires=None, discard=True, comment=None, comment_url=None, rest={'httponly': None}, rfc2109=False)]>

 

 

res = session.get(url='https://v4.ketangpai.com/UserApi/getUserInfo')

 

 

res.json()

 

 

{'status': 1,
 'data': {'id': 'MDAwMDAwMDAwMLSGz96Iqb9phLVyoQ',
  'username': '****',
  'avatar': 'http://v4.ketangpai.com/Public/Common/img/40/26.png',
  'usertype': '1',
  'email': '877***01@qq.com',
  'stno': '',
  'atteststate': 0,
  'attestInfo': []}}

 

 

# 如果不用session对象，每一步都需要自己处理cookie

 

 

login_url = 'https://v4.ketangpai.com/UserApi/login'
data = {'email': 877***9301@qq.com',
        'password': 'Pyt***inlan',
        'remember': 0}
# 1.登录
response = requests.post(url=login_url, data=data)

 

 

response.status_code

 

 

200

 

 

response.json()

 

 

{'status': 1,
 'url': '/Main/index.html',
 'token': 'MDAwMDAwMDAwMMurrpWavLehhs1-lbO5hZWEzYfcepuomcWmmqaMiHtnr5ypzYWosKKZq6HQxtOK0ZCme5p-haiZu2yrn4uNhJ3KedDYk7ivboS4jt6zuY2Ug7d33n96YW0',
 'isenterprise': 0,
 'uid': 'MDAwMDAwMDAwMLSGz96Iqb9phLVyoQ'}

 

 

# 2.获取数据
res = requests.get(url='https://v4.ketangpai.com/UserApi/getUserInfo', cookies=response.cookies)

 

 

res.json()

 

 

{'status': 1,
 'data': {'id': 'MDAwMDAwMDAwMLSGz96Iqb9phLVyoQ',
  'username': '****',
  'avatar': 'http://v4.ketangpai.com/Public/Common/img/40/26.png',
  'usertype': '1',
  'email': '877***01@qq.com',
  'stno': '',
  'atteststate': 0,
  'attestInfo': []}}

 

 

requests库的session对象仅仅只是自动帮我们处理了cookie的携带问题。

2. 封装处理session鉴权的http请求函数

思路：

• 保证在一个会话中使用同一个会话对象即可
• 给每一个用例类创建一个会话对象即可。

import json
import unittest
from jsonpath import jsonpath
import setting
from common import logger, db
from common.data_handler import (
    replace_args_by_re,
    generate_no_usr_phone)
from common.encrypt_handler import generate_sign
import requests


class BaseCase(unittest.TestCase):
    """
    用例基类
    """
    db = db
    logger = logger
    setting = setting
    name = 'base_case'
    session = requests.session()  # 创建一个session对象用来处理session鉴权

    @classmethod
    def setUpClass(cls) -> None:
        cls.logger.info('==========={}接口开始测试==========='.format(cls.name))

    @classmethod
    def tearDownClass(cls) -> None:
        cls.logger.info('==========={}接口结束测试==========='.format(cls.name))

    def flow(self, item):
        """
        测试流程
        """
        self.logger.info('>>>>>>>用例{}开始执行>>>>>>>>'.format(item['title']))
        # 把测试数据绑定到方法属性case上,其他也要把一些变量绑定到对象的属性上
        self._case = item
        # 1. 处理测试数据
        self.process_test()
        # 2. 发送请求
        self.send_request()
        # 3. 断言
        self.assert_all()

    def process_test(self):
        """
        测试数据的处理
        """
        # 1.1 生成测试数据
        self.generate_test_data()
        # 1.2 替换依赖参数
        self.replace_args()
        # 1.3 处理url
        self.process_url()
        # 1.4 鉴权处理
        self.auth_process()

    def auth_process(self):
        """
        v3版本鉴权处理
        :return:
        """
        request_data = self._case.get('request_data')
        if request_data:
            headers = request_data.get('headers')
            if headers:
                if headers.get('X-Lemonban-Media-Type') == 'lemonban.v3':
                    # 获取token
                    token = self._case['request_data']['headers']['Authorization'].split(' ')[-1]
                    # 生成签名
                    sign, timestamp = generate_sign(token, self.setting.SERVER_RSA_PUB_KEY)
                    # 添加到请求数据中
                    self._case['request_data']['json']['sign'] = sign
                    self._case['request_data']['json']['timestamp'] = timestamp

        # if self._case['request_data']['headers']['X-Lemonban-Media-Type'] == 'lemonban.v3':
        #     # 获取token
        #     token = self._case['request_data']['headers']['Authorization'].split(' ')[-1]
        #     # 生成签名
        #     sign, timestamp = generate_sign(token, self.setting.SERVER_RSA_PUB_KEY)
        #     # 添加到请求数据中
        #     self._case['request_data']['json']['sign'] = sign
        #     self._case['request_data']['json']['timestamp'] = timestamp

    def generate_test_data(self):
        """
        生成测试数据
        """
        """
           生成测试数据,不是固定流程，有不同可以复写
           :return:
           """
        self._case = json.dumps(self._case)
        if '$phone_number$' in self._case:
            phone = generate_no_usr_phone()
            self._case = self._case.replace('$phone_number$', phone)
        self._case = json.loads(self._case)

    def replace_args(self):
        """
        替换参数
        """
        self._case = json.dumps(self._case)  # 把用例数据dumps成字符串，一次替换
        self._case = replace_args_by_re(self._case, self)
        self._case = json.loads(self._case)
        # 再将request_data, expect_data loads为字典
        try:
            self._case['request_data'] = json.loads(self._case['request_data'])
            self._case['expect_data'] = json.loads(self._case['expect_data'])
        except Exception as e:
            self.logger.error('{}用例的测试数据格式不正确'.format(self._case['title']))
            raise e

    def process_url(self):
        """
        处理url
        """

        if self._case['url'].startswith('http'):
            # 是否是全地址
            pass
        elif self._case['url'].startswith('/'):
            # 是否是短地址
            self._case['url'] = self.setting.PROJECT_HOST + self._case['url']
        else:
            # 接口名称
            try:
                self._case['url'] = self.setting.INTERFACES[self._case['url']]
            except Exception as e:
                self.logger.error('接口名称：{}不存在'.format(self._case['url']))
                raise e

    def send_request(self):
        """
        发送请求
        @return:
        """
        self._response = self.session.request(
            url=self._case['url'], method=self._case['method'], **self._case['request_data'])
        # self._response = send_http_request(url=self._case['url'], method=self._case['method'],
        #                                    **self._case['request_data'])

    def assert_all(self):
        try:
            # 3.1 断言响应状态码
            self.assert_status_code()
            # 3.2 断言响应数据
            self.assert_response()
            # 响应结果断言成功后就提取依赖数据
            self.extract_data()
            # 3.3 数据库断言后面的任务
            self.assert_sql()
        except  Exception as e:
            self.logger.error('++++++用例{}测试失败'.format(self._case['title']))
            raise e
        else:
            self.logger.info('<<<<<<<<<用例{}测试成功<<<<<<<'.format(self._case['title']))

    def assert_status_code(self):
        """
        断言响应状态码
        """
        try:
            self.assertEqual(self._case['status_code'], self._response.status_code)
        except AssertionError as e:
            self.logger.warning('用例【{}】响应状态码断言异常'.format(self._case['title']))
            raise e
        else:
            self.logger.info('用例【{}】响应状态码断言成功'.format(self._case['title']))

    def assert_response(self):
        """
        断言响应数据
        """
        if self._case['res_type'].lower() == 'json':
            res = self._response.json()
        elif self._case['res_type'].lower() == 'html':
            # 扩展思路
            res = self._response.text
        try:
            self.assertEqual(self._case['expect_data'], {'code': res['code'], 'msg': res['msg']})
        except AssertionError as e:
            self.logger.warning('用例【{}】响应数据断言异常'.format(self._case['title']))
            self.logger.warning('用例【{}】期望结果为:{}'.format(self._case['title'], self._case['expect_data']))
            self.logger.warning('用例【{}】的响应结果:{}'.format(self._case['title'], res))
            raise e
        else:
            self.logger.info('用例【{}】响应数据断言成功'.format(self._case['title']))

    def assert_sql(self):
        """
        断言数据库
        """
        if self._case.get('sql'):  # 返回指定键的值，如果键不在字典中返回默认值 None 或者设置的默认值。
            # 只有sql字段有sql的才需要校验数据库
            # 只有sql字段有sql的才需要校验数据库
            sqls = self._case['sql'].split(',')
            for sql in sqls:
                try:
                    self.assertTrue(self.db.exist(sql))
                except AssertionError as e:
                    self.logger.warning('用例【{}】数据库断言异常，执行的sql为:{}'.format(self._case['title'], sql))
                    raise e
                except Exception as e:
                    self.logger.warning('用例【{}】数据库断言异常，执行的sql为:{}'.format(self._case['title'], sql))
                    raise e

    def extract_data(self):
        """
        根据提取表达式提取对应的数据
        :return:
        """
        if self._case.get('extract'):
            if self._case['res_type'].lower() == 'json':
                self.extract_data_from_json()
            elif self._case['res_type'].lower() == 'html':
                self.extract_data_from_html()
            elif self._case['res_type'].lower() == 'xml':
                self.extract_data_from_xml()
            else:
                raise ValueError('res_type类型不正确，只支持json，html，xml')

    def extract_data_from_json(self):
        """
        从json数据中提取数据并绑定到类属性中
        :return:
        """
        try:
            rules = json.loads(self._case.get('extract'))
        except Exception as e:
            raise ValueError('用例【{}】的extract字段数据：{}格式不正确'.format(self._case['title'], self._case['extract']))
        for rule in rules:
            # 类属性名
            name = rule[0]
            # 提取表达式
            exp = rule[1]
            # 根据jsonpath去响应中提取值
            value = jsonpath(self._response.json(), exp)
            # 如果能提取到值
            if value:
                # 把值绑定到对应的类属性上
                setattr(self.__class__, name, value[0])  # 注意value是个列表
            else:
                # 提取不到值，说明jsonpath写错了，或者是响应又问题
                raise ValueError('用例【{}】的提取表达式{}提取不到数据'.format(self._case['title'], self._case['extract']))

    def extract_data_from_html(self):
        """
        从html数据中提取数据并绑定到类属性中
        :return:
        """
        raise ValueError('请实现此方法')

    def extract_data_from_xml(self):
        """
        从xml数据中提取数据并绑定到类属性中
        :return:
        """
        raise ValueError('请实现此方法')

 

 

from unittestreport import ddt, list_data
from common.base_case import BaseCase

cases = [
    {'title': '课堂派登录',
     'method': 'post',
     'url': 'https://v4.ketangpai.com/UserApi/login',
     'request_data': '{"data": {"email": "877***01@qq.com", "password": "Pyt***inlan", "remember": 0}}',
     'status_code': 200,
     'res_type': 'json',
     'expect_data': '{"status": 1}'
     },
    {
        'title': '获取用户信息',
        'method': 'get',
        'url': 'https://v4.ketangpai.com/UserApi/getUserInfo',
        'request_data': '{}',
        'status_code': 200,
        'res_type': 'json',
        'expect_data': '{"status": 1}'
    }
]


@ddt
class TestCourseFlow(BaseCase):
    name = "课堂派测试"

    @list_data(cases)
    def test_course(self, item):
        self.flow(item)

    def assert_response(self):
        """
        复写assert_response方法实现课堂派的断言
        :return:
        """
        if self._case['res_type'].lower() == 'json':
            res = self._response.json()
        elif self._case['res_type'].lower() == 'html':
            # 扩展思路
            res = self._response.text
        try:
            self.assertEqual(self._case['expect_data'], {'status': res['status']})
        except AssertionError as e:
            self.logger.warning('用例【{}】响应数据断言异常'.format(self._case['title']))
            self.logger.warning('用例【{}】期望结果为:{}'.format(self._case['title'], self._case['expect_data']))
            self.logger.warning('用例【{}】的响应结果:{}'.format(self._case['title'], res))
            raise e
        else:
            self.logger.info('用例【{}】响应数据断言成功'.format(self._case['title']))


if __name__ == '__main__':
    BaseCase.unittest.main()

---

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